Integrating heterogeneous ATM systems with an IP-based networking architecture

Automatic teller machines (ATMs) provide a number of benefits to users, so ATMs have gained popularity within the banking sector. Users can withdraw cash, make balance inquiries, and also pay bills without having to travel to the branch and without having to face the long, undesirable queues. Today, ATM crime has continued to grow and spread globally despite the regional variation in the frequency of crime. If a proper security plan is not implemented for the ATM system, banks can lose huge amounts of cash from the ATM. The banking sector all around the world is fighting against ATM crimes like ATM card skimming, shimming, jackpotting, man-in-the-middle attacks, etc. These logical attacks have continued to grow in recent years. During this investigation, we reviewed the latest ATM attacks that occurred around the world and analyzed the vulnerability related to the ATM of Nepali Bank and also made recommendations to mitigate threats. In order to combat logical and new crimes like jackpotting, which cannot be prevented by conventional ATM security measures like the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS), the whitelist of ATM software was suggested.

Exploring interoperability assessment for Future Internet Architectures roll out

This study investigates the impact of Automatic Teller Machines (ATMs) on customer satisfaction among users of digital services at commercial banks in Afghanistan, specifically Afghanistan International Bank, Azizi Bank, and Islamic Bank of Afghanistan. The banking sector in Afghanistan requires further development in expanding ATM infrastructure and enhancing customer satisfaction through improved user experience and support services. Utilizing a quantitative approach with multiple linear regression analysis, the research examines primary data collected through questionnaires as well as secondary data sources. The findings reveal a significant positive relationship between ATM usage and customer satisfaction. To enhance ATM availability and customer satisfaction, commercial banks in Afghanistan should strategically install and maintain ATMs, focusing on key locations in Kabul. Investing in ATM facilities can improve various dimensions of customer satisfaction.

Providing security to bank customers is the prime responsibility of banking institutions. These institutions upgrade their services to provide convenience-based banking exposure. Automatic Teller Machines (ATMs) assist the bank's customers to operate independently. ATMs verify the authenticity of the user through a 4-digit personal identification number (PIN) only. The State Bank of India (SBI) has initiated a double security check system to minimize the probabilities of banking frauds through ATMs. SBI customers must provide a one-time password (OTP) along with a PIN to complete the cash withdrawal transaction through the SBI ATM. The objective of the study is to analyze the impact of financial security enhancement in ATMs cash transactions through one-time password on the probabilities of banking frauds through ATMs. The study has used primary data collected through a questionnaire from 422 respondents. The study resulted that one-time password has enhanced the financial security function of ATMs and now the probabilities of ATM frauds has been reduced substantially.

This safety alert aims to raise public awareness regarding increasing incidents of ATM-related crimes, including card skimming, shoulder surfing, and physical theft. Criminals are employing advanced tactics such as hidden cameras, fake keypads, and remote data capture to steal personal banking information and commit fraud. Additionally, physical attacks near ATM machines, especially during nighttime or in poorly lit areas, have also been reported. The alert emphasizes the importance of vigilance while using ATM machines and outlines safety measures such as covering the keypad during PIN entry, avoiding isolated machines, inspecting the ATM for suspicious devices, and being aware of surroundings. Financial institutions are advised to enhance surveillance, improve lighting, and educate customers on secure ATM practices. Proactive measures by both users and institutions are crucial in mitigating risks and ensuring secure banking transactions. The purpose of this project is to enhance the safety and security of Automated Teller Machine (ATM) users by identifying risks, raising awareness, and implementing preventative measures against ATM- related crimes. With the rise in fraudulent activities such as skimming, card trapping, PIN theft, and physical assaults, there is a critical need to educate the public and improve security infrastructure around ATM usage. Keywords: Survelience Camera, ATm Safety, Theif Protection, GPS location alert, Siren alert,

The present study assessed the success of several instructional programs in teaching the use of automatic teller machines (ATMs). Fifty-six older adults (aged 61 to 81) participated in the study, randomly assigned to each of four, 14-member groups. The description group received only a general overview of an ATM; the text guide group received written instructions for performing various transactions on an ATM; the pictorial guide group received written instructions accompanied by pictures of corresponding ATM screens; and the online tutorial group completed a step-by-step tutorial on a simulated ATM. Participants practiced on an ATM simulator. They were tested after a 24-h interval on their ability to perform familiar transactions on an unfamiliar ATM simulator and to perform completely novel transactions. Accuracy was best for the online tutorial group, intermediate for the text and pictorial guide groups, and worst for the description group. These data demonstrate both the importance of providing older adults with ATM training and the fact that the type of training influences the level of performance. The online tutorial, which provided specific practice on the task components, best facilitated acquisition and transfer performance.

The technology is increasing in leaps and bounds in the present era. With many technical developments and advances taking place, there has been an advancing trend in the techniques of handling money, money transaction and exchange methods. The Automatic Teller Machine (ATM) is the most widely used method to withdraw money and get bank statements. In the era where there are a wide range of banking companies being established, the usage of ATM cards has increased drastically. ATMs of different banks in every locality and almost thousands of people use them to withdraw money every day. As every coin has two sides, no doubt that ATMs has made the withdrawal of money much easier and reliable, yet there are major challenges to this money withdrawal process. Nowadays people have multiple bank accounts and every bank has the ATM card associated with it. In addition to this, for every ATM card there is a unique pin associated with it. Hence, it becomes a cumbersome task to handle so many ATM cards which involve so many passwords and pins. Apart from this disadvantage there is yet another greater risk that is theft of the Atm cards or losing or misplacing them. Though there is Pin associated with an ATM card which serves as security, it is quite possible to crack the PIN of it. Hence, we have come up with the solution, a card which integrates all the bank accounts into a single card which makes withdrawal of money much more easy, feasible and secure. The additional security features such as fingerprint verification and two factor authentication provide protection against identity theft during the money transactions from ATMs. This system with advanced security features would have many features which would solve various disadvantages associated with ATM systems present today. We have used fingerprint sensor, GSM module, RFID to provide two factor authentication for the ATM system.

Unobtrusive observation of automatic teller machine (ATM) use was carried out to compare the efficiency and error profiles of two ATM interfaces in current use. Transaction times for the same transaction differed by 39%. Frequency of forgetting cards in the ATM differed by 96-100%. The differences were attributed to the sequencing of sub tasks with respect to the goal state. The cost of a lack of ergonomics in the less efficient interface was estimated conservatively to be US$1.7 million due to task sequencing, and between US$2 million and US$4.5 million from forgetting cards in the ATM.

The Automated Teller Machine (ATM) is used by millions of people as an alternative to gain time instead of using traditional banking systems in Brazil and ATMs are frequently localized in São Paulo city around the hospitals. However, ATMs might be potential devices for microbial accumulation and transmission in the community. The objective of the present study was to evaluate forty-two ATMs, in two hospital areas (A and B) in São Paulo city for the presence of pathogenic fungi and bacteria. Samples were collected from biometric surfaces of the devices with sterile cotton swabs soaked in the sterile physiologic saline and were cultured on selective agar for yeasts, filamentous fungi and bacteria in the period of January 2017 to March 2018. Complementary biochemical tests were applied to confirm the bacteria and the taxonomic identification of molds was performed considering the morphological characteristics by microscopic observation. Our results suggest that the biometric surfaces in ATMs is an important environmental source of microbes, once that the genera Staphylococcus was predominant in all agencies of both hospital areas (83.3%), following of Streptococcus spp. (57%) and Enterococcus spp. (50%). The group of Enterobacteriaceae (Gram negative bacilli) were most frequent in both areas studied (57%). Seven different fungi genera were isolated from ATMs in area A and B and yeasts were predominant in all samples collected (47%), comparing with filamentous fungi (23%). We conclude that biometric ATM surfaces play an important role in microbial transmission in hospital settings, and healthcare professionals should wash and disinfect their hands carefully before touching patients. Key words: Automated teller machine, bacteria, fungi, contamination, hospital. &nbsp

Nowadays, advances in technology and information, criminal acts also often occur, automatic teller machines (ATMs) in the banking world are a form of Bank Customer Service that uses machines or can be said as well as electronic devices. Service is an important factor in attracting the attention of customers. Because of this technological sophistication as we know cyber crime, crime is a new form of contemporary crime that has been in the spotlight worldwide. Internet users here become victims because of crime through this electronic system by utilizing and seeing their virtual. In this research, there are at least two problems of violating the automatic cash register (ATM) account theft account: And (2) how is the judge's consideration in determining the crime of bank robbery through an ATM. The research method used is information retrieval using a normative approach based on legal sources, study of literature in studying the legal materials of the legislation as a process to find the rule of law, legal source collection techniques used in this research are records and documentation. Based on research it can be started that the criminal sanctions regulation against account robbery criminal acts. Through the Automatic teller Machine (ATM) in the Criminal Code law contained in Article 362 of the Criminal Code, in the ITE Law the theft is contained in Article 30 paragraph (1), Article 30 paragraph (3), Article 32 paragraph (2), Article 32 paragraph (3 ), Article 36. And there is an addition to Law Number 3 of 2011 concerning the transfer of theft funds contained in Article 81, Article 83 paragraph (1), Article 83 paragraph (2), decision number: 688 / PID. B / 2012 / PN. The judge ruled the case that the defendant was firmly proven legally and convincingly guilty of committing a crime against the law of buying, renting, exchanging, accepting as a promise, accepting as a gift or by accepting as a gift or in the hope of getting a profit selling, saving, exchanging, mortgaging, transported, stored or hidden items.

This article provides a follow-up evaluation of 'Strike Force Piccadilly'-a successful New South Wales Police public-private partnership to combat Automatic Teller Machine (ATM) ram raids [Prenzler, T. (2009). 'Strike Force Piccadilly: A Public-Private Partnership to Stop ATM Ram Raids.' Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management 32: 209-225]. The original study showed a significant reduction in raids 12 months after the implementation of a range of countermeasures including a 1800 police hotline, relocation of ATMs, and the installation of anti-ramming devices. The present study adds 2 years of additional data from 2008 to 2010. It was found that the reduction in ram raids was sustained and reduced even further. At the same time, there was a shift in offender tactics to the use of explosive 'gas attacks' in 2008. This problem was in turn minimized by police investigations, the incapacitation of gang members, and the installation of gas detection and disabling equipment. The follow-up study reinforced the value of public-private crime reduction partnerships and the need to be adaptive to new threats.

Customer access information technologies (CAITs) provide a link between a firm and its customers. Firms invest in CAITs to reduce costs, increase revenues and market share, lock in existing customers, and capture new ones. These benefits, however, are notoriously difficult to measure. This paper proposes an evaluative method for CAIT deployment called value platform analysis, based on a conceptual model drawn from the theory of retail outlet deployment in marketing science. Value platform analysis evaluates the impact of the features of a CAIT, the features of its immediate site, and the features of the larger environment into which it is deployed on the transactions it generates and the resulting business value outcomes. Value platform analysis is then applied in an electronic banking context. Hypotheses regarding the likely impact of automatic teller machine (ATM) functionality, the immediate site's surrounding traffic, the customer demographics, and the number of competitors in the environment on ATM transactions are evaluated both before and after the merger of two regional ATM networks. The results indicate that there are a number of key features influencing ATM performance. Two distinct ATM deployment scenarios emerge: one for servicing a bank's own customers, and another for providing transaction services for customers for a fee. The merger of regional networks impacts each of these scenarios differently.

The objective of the current research is to develop a resource allocation plan based on customer preferences and organisational strategy. The Automatic Teller Machine (ATM) service of the bank is chosen as the service in the current research. Conjoint experiments were used to identify choice patterns of customers. Customer share maximising service designs were obtained under three generic strategies, i.e., cost leadership, differentiation and focus strategy. Simulation is used to determine the effect of changing the level of policy attributes of optimal service designs on customer share. The effect of concentration of the bank's ATM on the bank's X customer share is determined by simulation for the three strategies. The results show how users trade off between various ATM attributes when choosing an ATM service. Various service designs were obtained under each strategy and then various scenarios were obtained by simulation. The paper provides the approach which will help managers in effectively managing resources.

This study examined the relationship between inhibition of older dults and difficulties using automatic teller machines. 22 older adults performed three transactions on an ATM simulator, and errors were recorded. Participants also performed the Stroop interference task to assess inhibition. Both interference effect in response latencies and rate of intrusion errors in the Stroop task were moderately correlated with number of errors on the task. Older adults with low Stroop performance made more errors in the categories of Forgetting an operation, Screen mix-up, and Overlooking an input error than those with high performance. These results suggest that low inhibition may be associated with difficulties in automatic teller machine use, and the importance of designing a user interface which lessens the likelihood of errors for older adults or others.

The demand for real-time data in a modern battlefield is increasing exponentially. As a result, current military network paradigms and architectures are struggling to cope with increasing capacity demands at the tactical edge. Unfortunately, rescaling existing network architectures will not be a permanent solution to the problem. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a 3- tiered Software Defined Networking (SDN) architecture consisting of heterogeneous Dense Networks (DenseNets), which is a highly condensed deployment of relatively small, lowpowered femtocells, at the tactical edge. The proposed 3-tiered SDN architecture abstracts the Land Tactical Network (LTN) as the Physical Layer, the Battlefield Tactical Network (BTN) as the Control Layer, and the Joint Task Force Headquarters (JTFHQ) as the Management Layer. The simulation and results confirm the architecture’s capability for providing interoperability between heterogeneous communications equipment and supporting high capacity demands within limited and unreliable networking infrastructure in battlefield environments.