Integration of Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code (EFDC) Model with Geographical Information System (GIS) Platform and Its Applications

GIS-based biomass resource assessment with BRAVO

Implementation of a feature-constraint mesh generation algorithm within a GIS

O avanço dos recursos tecnológicos na era digital tem favorecido os estudos urbanos em termos de ferramentas e metodologias cada vez mais apuradas para a compreensão dos fenômenos contemporâneos, dentre elas as técnicas de geoprocessamento em plataformas SIG (Sistemas de Informação Geográfica). A ampliação desmesurada de informação para os estudos urbanos suscita uma reflexão sobre instrumentos metodológicos na era digital. Partindo do pressuposto que a cidade contemporânea é histórica, e portanto, um acúmulo materializado de idealizações passadas, busca-se evidenciar a relevância da análise morfológica e do instrumental da história urbana potencializado por tecnologias digitais, para a compreensão da cidade contemporânea em sua complexidade, reconhecendo sua historicidade, a partir de seu processo urbano. Para demonstrar o potencial da articulação entre a cartografia digital em plataforma SIG e as abordagens clássicas da morfologia urbana, adota-se como objeto empírico a Área Central da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro, selecionando casos de áreas tensionadas pelos vestígios de projetos realizados no século XX, para refletir sobre as possibilidades da cartografia digital na decodificação do emaranhado de projetos e desígnios que deram origem ao palimpsesto urbano que estrutura a Área Central Carioca.

Geographical Information System (GIS) is associated as an essential tool and as a part of natural resource management activities worldwide. Though, GIS is receiving special attention in the field of hydrology and the aquaculture management, their deployment for spatial decision support in this domain continues to be very slow. This situation is owing to a variety of constraints together with an absence of appreciation of the technology, restricted understanding of GIS principles and associated methodology, and inadequate structure commitment to confirm continuity of these spatial decision support tools. This paper addresses these constraints and includes the use of basic GIS techniques. Fish and water samples were collected and analyzed from seven sites along the Cauvery river basin, Tamilnadu, India and the results were incorporated into GIS platform. The section on GIS terminology addresses the two fundamental types of GIS (Mapping and Interpretative analysis), and discusses the aspects related to the visualization of outcomes. Spatial distribution maps were prepared for the above analyzed parameters. Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) tool have been applied to express the results obtained from the study area.

A Bayesian approach for evaluation of the effect of water quality model parameter uncertainty on TMDLs: A case study of Miyun Reservoir

The current review conducts a comprehensive comparison of Quantum GIS (QGIS) and ArcGIS in the context of healthcare applications, aiming to assist users in selecting the most appropriate GIS platform for their specific needs. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are essential tools in healthcare, providing capabilities for spatial analysis, disease mapping, and resource allocation. Driven by the need to improve healthcare delivery and public health strategies, this study compares the functionalities, costs, and support systems of QGIS and ArcGIS. The major objective is to determine which GIS platform offers the best balance of cost-efficiency and performance across various healthcare scenarios. The methodology encompasses a detailed comparative analysis, incorporating quantitative data from user satisfaction surveys, performance evaluations, and real-world case studies. Findings reveal that QGIS, as an open-source GIS software, is highly cost-effective and customizable, making it particularly advantageous for budget-limited projects and smaller organizations requiring flexibility. Its extensibility via plugins and robust user community fosters continuous innovation and improvement. QGIS proves exceptionally effective in healthcare applications such as disease mapping and accessibility analysis, where customization and cost-efficiency are critical. Conversely, ArcGIS is distinguished by its advanced analytical capabilities and strong performance in handling complex, large-scale studies. Its sophisticated tools and comprehensive spatial analysis functionalities are essential for thorough healthcare research and planning. Although ArcGIS incurs higher costs, its extensive feature set, professional support, and exhaustive documentation justify the investment for large organizations and research institutions engaged in detailed GIS projects. In conclusion, both QGIS and ArcGIS exhibit significant strengths in key healthcare applications. QGIS excels in affordability and flexibility, while ArcGIS provides superior analytical power and support for extensive projects. Future research should focus on integrating real-time data and enhancing user experience to further optimize GIS applications in healthcare.

Global sensitivity analysis of a three-dimensional nutrients-algae dynamic model for a large shallow lake

This paper introduces a novel approach for mapping process description with Scan data to Building Information Modeling (BIM) in a 3D Geographic Information System (GIS). The methodology focuses on automatically generating building mass and facade information on the GIS platform using Point Cloud Data (PCD) of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS). Advanced scanning techniques capture detailed geometry from the physical site and generate high-resolution point clouds, which are processed to create 3D models for GIS integration. The critical contribution of this research lies in a scalable Scan to BIM mapping process, which can be used for generating building footprints and masses, including attributes, on 3D GIS. The resulting integrated BIM–GIS dataset provides an accurate building mass, facade information, facility asset management, and architectural design and facilitates improved decision-making in urban planning based on enhanced visualization, analysis, and simulation. This study suggests a flexible Scan to BIM mapping process description based on use cases, including algorisms. Through prototype development, a case study demonstrates the effectiveness of the process approach, the automatic generation of BIM on a 3D GIS platform, and reducing the manual efforts. The proposed method automatically creates DEM, SHP, GeoJSON, IFC, and coordinate system information from scan data and can effectively map building objects in 3D GIS.

The Program for the Development of the Armed Forces of Ukraine until 2020 and the goals set out in the Strategic Defense Bulletin of Ukraine define the tasks of creating combat control systems (C4ISR) and defense planning (DRMIS). It is important to focus on the role of a geographic information system (GIS), as a common core in the process of interaction of these systems. These issues are mostly solved in the leading NATO countries, in particular, in their framework architectures. The information infrastructure has all the hallmarks of the Unified Information Environment of special-purpose systems, so the choice of platform is quite a challenge. The purpose of the article is to analyze and compare special software GIS-platforms for the highest level of information infrastructure of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine. It is considered that GIS has the following properties: saving, organizing, editing and analyzing geographic data; includes visual abilities to reflect geographic information; has some GIS tools, or uses a GIS platform in its decision; distribution or processing of cartographic attribute data and data from other sources. To compare these properties, the general needs for GIS technology from the Ukrainian Defense Forces are defined. They are due to the creation of a joint GIS-core decision support system for the C4ISR type system (Command, Control, Computers, Communications, Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance) and the DRMIS type defense management planning system. As a result of a comparative analysis of software platforms ArcGIS and QGIS with special software deployed on their basis, it was found that these platforms meet all the requirements for GIS with support for all key functions. However, using most advantages, it has been found that ArcGIS is the best choice. Even considering the option of paying for licenses, this will reduce the risks of providing further support.

BIM-GIS-DCEs enabled vulnerability assessment of interdependent infrastructures – A case of stormwater drainage-building-road transport Nexus in urban flooding

Large scale block cave mining has been operated for over 30 years in the Erstberg Mining District in the province of Papua, Indonesia. The ore body is divided into four vertically stacked ore bodies: Gunung Bijih Timur (GBT), Intermediate Ore Zone (IOZ), Deep Ore Zone (DOZ), and Deep Mill Level Zone (DMLZ). The GBT and IOZ mines were closed on 1993 and 2003, DOZ mine is in its peak production performance 80 ktpd, and DMLZ mine is still in the development stage to prepare mine infrastructures. This situation generates gradual downward settling of the surface or subsidence. Significant deformation changes at the surface by block caving subsidence could damage the mine’s infrastructures in surface and underground and also affect geological structures overlying the mining areas which may result in surface impacts on the natural geomorphology and land use.
 
 In this paper, integrated system based on Geographic Information System (GIS) platform applied to predict ground movements due to underground mining. Deep Ore Zone (DOZ) block cave mine is studied for subsidence prediction. The mining extraction thickness model is obtained from height of draw (HOD) observed data. Subsidence Engineering Handbook (SEH) of empirical model and measured data from mining fields is used for subsidence calculation parameters. The calculations were performed in GIS. The maximum vertical displacement has been predicted about 12m by means of full caving mining method.
 
 Keywords: Ground movements, block caving, GIS, underground mining, and subsidence

The seismic risk associated with bridges is a function of the structural vulnerabilities and geological conditions at the bridge site. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) allow to integrate spatial information, such as seismic attenuation or local amplification, into ad-hoc information on the structural characteristics of bridges, thereby increasing knowledge on the seismic risk to which a bridge network is exposed. The aim of this study is to develop a scale of susceptibility to the amplification effect by gathering available data on geographic information system platforms. Among other things, this information includes the thickness of the quaternary deposit and surficial geology, complemented with ambient noise measurements. The region of study, the Saint Lawrence Valley, covers an area measuring 32,000 km2, extending from Quebec City in the north to the US border in the south, and includes approximately 5000 bridges and overpasses. The highest susceptibility levels in the present study are associated with colluvial, alluvial and marine deposits. The proposed susceptibility scale is to be used for a bridge network, and can be integrated into existing seismic evaluation scoring procedures. It contributes to seismic risk reduction for bridge and overpass networks by improving available assessment procedures for prioritising mitigation strategies, emergency planning and post-earthquake interventions.

Several real-world applications involve the aggregation of physical features corresponding to different geographic and topographic phenomena. This information plays a crucial role in analyzing and predicting several events. The application areas, which often require a real-time analysis, include traffic flow, forest cover, disease monitoring and so on. Thus, most of the existing systems portray some limitations at various levels of processing and implementation. Some of the most commonly observed factors involve lack of reliability, scalability and exceeding computational costs. In this paper, we address different well-known scalable serverless frameworks i.e., Amazon Web Services (AWS) Lambda, Google Cloud Functions and Microsoft Azure Functions for the management of geospatial big data. We discuss some of the existing approaches that are popularly used in analyzing geospatial big data and indicate their limitations. We report the applicability of our proposed framework in context of Cloud Geographic Information System (GIS) platform. An account of some state-of-the-art technologies and tools relevant to our problem domain are discussed. We also visualize performance of the proposed framework in terms of reliability, scalability, speed and security parameters. Furthermore, we present the map overlay analysis, point-cluster analysis, the generated heatmap and clustering analysis. Some relevant statistical plots are also visualized. In this paper, we consider two application case-studies. The first case study was explored using the Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS) dataset, which refers to worldwide density of mineral resources in a country-wise fashion. The second case study was performed using the Fairfax Forecast Households dataset, which signifies the parcel-level household prediction for 30 consecutive years. The proposed model integrates a serverless framework to reduce timing constraints and it also improves the performance associated to geospatial data processing for high-dimensional hyperspectral data.

Grid planning and pre-project site survey require the support of Geographic Information System (GIS). However, the existing grid GIS platform adopts B/S mode which can only be run and viewed on the computer connected to the company’s intranet, thus failing to meet the needs of on-site investigation by the planners. Therefore, the application of mobile GIS platform to pre-grid planning is an inevitable development direction for the future power grid information system, and how to manage more efficiently and use the data collected by mobile GIS terminal will be an urgent problem to be solved. Based on the authors’ learning and practical experience, this work first analyzed the potentials of mobile GIS for grid planning, then discussed the problems in high voltage grid planning, and finally proposed the system function and overall architecture design based on mobile GIS platform.

Part 1 What is a geographic information system?: geographical information systems - an overview, Duane F.Marble geographical information systems - a new frontier, Roger F.Tomlinson a classification of software components commonly used in geographical information systems, Jack Dangermond GIS versus CAD versus DBMS - what are the differences?, David J. Cowen. Part 2 Examples of practical applications: MAGI - a state-level grid cell system, State of Maryland ARC/INFO - a modern GIS, Environmental Systems Research Institute technical description of the DIME system, US Bureau of the Census prinicpal components of the census bureau's TIGER file, Joel Sobel the Tiger system - automating the geographical structure of the United States, Robert W.Marx current and potential uses of geographical information systems - the north American experience, Roger F.Tomlinson an experiment in land-use allocation with a geographical information system, C.Dana Tomlin and Kevin M.Johnston Integration Of Geological Datasets For Gold Exploration In Nova Scotia, G.F.Bonham-Carter, F.P.Agterberg and D.F.Wright modeling community vulnerability to hazardous materials using geographical information systems, Robert B.McMaster representing and applying knowledge about spatial processes in environmental management, J.R.Davis, P.Whingham, and I.W.Grant. Part 3 Operations and problems of building a database: creating large digital files from mapped data, Hugh W.Calkins manual digitizing systems, E.Alan Cameron interaction between the cartographic document and the digitizing process, Donna J.Peuquet and A.Raymond Boyle a review of digital data commonly available and some of the practical problems of entering them into a GIS, Jack Dangermond efficient digitizing through the combination of appropriate hardware and software for error detection and editing, Nicholas R.Chrisman. Part 4 GIS internals - data representation and analysis techniques: spatial data models - a conceptual framework and comprehensive review, Donna J.Peuquet historical data as an explicit component of land information systems, Ric Vrana it makes me so CROSS, David Douglas the accuracy of map overlays - a reassessment, Nicholas R.Chrisman. Part 5 Design and evaluation of GIS: establishing a geographical information system in relation to its use, a process of strategic choices, W.H.Erik DeMan a conceptual model of the manual digitizing process, Duane F.Marble, Jean P.Lauzon and Matthew McGranaghan performance eval and work-load estimation for GIS, Michael Goodchild and Brian R.Rizzo liability for information, Earl F.Epstein and Howard Roitman.