INVESTIGATING MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY EFL LEARNERS’ GRAMMAR ERRORS IN WRITING DESCRIPTIVE PARAGRAPHS

English is not second language of Indonesia, so lot of them has lot of Errors when they are learning English, one of them is grammar error, in this research will talk about the grammar error and the correction of short story, also discuss about what is the errors of this story and what are they, in this reseach has some purpose to study about grammar errors. This writing was carried out for research on how many grammatical errors in the content of a blogger on the internet, in this study the author uses the method of error analysis.The results of this study indicate several aspects of error, namely, Errors in the use of groups of verbs, Errors in the use of prepositions, Errors in the use of pronouns, Errors in the use of adverbs, this is due to several factors, one of which is because English is their second language. and not the first language, etc.

Background: Grammar errors are common because English grammar is still quite complicated to learn, including constructing sentences using the Passive Voice. Purpose: This research aims to identify mistakes in constructing sentences using Passive Voice by MAN Gorontalo Students to become a reference material in improving grammar learning. Method: This research uses a quantitative method. Data is collected through tests and documentation. The research population was 40 students of class X MAN Gorontalo and a sample of 20 students. Data analysis techniques go through four stages, data collection, data presentation, data reduction, and conclusion. Results and Discussion: This study concludes that there are four types of student errors based on the taxonomic strategy in using Passive Voice, namely: 1) addition error, 2) omission error, 3) misformation error, and 4) misordering error) and two types of errors based on communicative effect taxonomy; 1) global error and 2) local error. Conclusion and Implications: This research has implications that English teachers can analyze weaknesses in changing active voice into passive voice by practicing changing tense forms from past verbs for past activities and habitual information for ordinary activities. To correct errors in compiling sentences in passive voice, teachers must also do tutorial-based remedial teaching for passive voice material, especially on the misformation aspect, including assigning students to make a list of active and passive verbs and their use in compiling passive voice

Simple present tense is one of the most complex tense in English. Because of the different pattern between the students’ mother tongue and English as the target language, students often make errors in producing sentences. The objective of the research is to find out what type of error which mostly appears when students use Simple Present Tense in descriptive writing. This research is a descriptive qualitative research combined with error analysis methodology using Surface Strategy Taxonomy. The research participants were 50 students of Bina Sarana Informatika University majoring Management. The result of the research showed that the most common errors made by students were misformation errors which happened as much as 54%. The second most common errors which appear in students’ descriptive writing were omission errors as much as 24% which number was not much different with addition errors as much as 20%. The least type of error found in students’ descriptive writing was misordering error as much as 2%.

The aims of this research is to find out grammar mistakes and obstacles in learning English through writing. Through writing, students can improve their understanding by paying close attention to the grammar and content. The implementation of CRS is meant to enhance the understanding of students of STMIK STIKOM Indonesia. And the implementation of Surface Strategy Taxonomy (SST) is done through documentation of students’ work through translation. The data source is taken from a report text in Indonesian as source language and translated it into English as target language. In order to know the benefit of SST, students are given the questionnaire to gain the data. Data collection is the results of students’ translations sheets. The results of 68 students’ translation work show that there are 98 error found in 4 kinds (errors omission, addition, mis-ordering and mis-formation) and each kind of error has its own sub-kind errors (SKE). The biggest error is omission with 39 errors (39,8%) and lowest error is mis-ordering with 12 errors (12,2%). Omission has 2 SKE, those are grammatical morpheme with 23 errors (23,5%) and content morpheme with 16 error (16,3%). Addition has 29 errors (29,6%) with SKE 16 simple errors addition (16,3%), and 13 double error addition (13,3%). Mis-ordering has 12 errors (12,2%) with SKE 4 misplacement of verbs (4,0%) and 8 misplacements of words/items (8,1%). Mis-formation has 18 errors with SKE 5 error of alternating form/ prepositions (5,1%), 6 errors of content oriented lexical/quantifiers (6,1%) and tenses with 7 errors (7,1%). There were 9 errors found in the agreement between demonstrative pronoun and noun (9,1%) and the lowest number of errors are apostrophe s and misplacement of verb with 4 errors each (4,0%). The questionnaire shows that the implementation of SST does help the students where 30 students (46,2%) said that they know their mistake, 24 students (36,9%) stated that they know about the words’ choice/diction and 11 students (16,9%) said that SST helps them to improve their English grammar. Besides, students are encouraged to practice more English in their daily.

Purpose of the study: This study aims to identify and analyze the types of grammatical errors made by tenth-grade students in writing recount texts, particularly in the use of the simple past tense, using Surface Strategy Taxonomy and Linguistic Category Taxonomy to reveal patterns of learners’ grammatical difficulties. Methodology: This research employed a descriptive error analysis approach, combining qualitative interpretation with quantitative frequency analysis. The data consisted of recount texts written by tenth-grade students of Senior high school 1 Sumberejo Tanggamus, collected through documentation. The errors were identified, classified, and analyzed based on Surface Strategy Taxonomy and Linguistic Category Taxonomy, with percentages used to indicate error tendencies rather than statistical generalization. Main Findings: The results show that misformation errors were the most dominant type (57.3%), followed by omission (24.3%), addition (5.6%), and misordering (2.8%). Most errors occurred in morphological and syntactic categories, particularly in verb forms related to the simple past tense. These findings indicate that students’ difficulties stem from incomplete mastery of grammatical rules and verb inflections rather than careless mistakes. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study contributes a dual-taxonomy error analysis that integrates Surface Strategy and Linguistic Category approaches to provide a more comprehensive diagnosis of students’ grammatical errors. The findings offer specific pedagogical implications, including the need for targeted grammar instruction, focused practice on verb-form accuracy, and error-based corrective feedback in teaching recount text writing.

This research aims to identify and classify the types of error made by first semester students of Elementary Education in using simple present tense in their descriptive texts. A quantitative approach with descriptive analysis was used as the research design. Errors were classified into four types based on Dulay’s Surface Strategy Taxonomy thus measurement on the chief errors and challenges which students encountered can be presented obviously. A total sampling technique was employed in this technique. There were 21 students of class A6-25 selected as the sample. This research reveals that the most errors of simple present tense usage are in omission error with percentage of 47.56%. There are 30.48 % errors found in addition type, 15.85 % errors in misformation type, and the least is in misordering type with percentage of 6.10%. In applying simple present tense in writing a descriptive text, the students’ errors are in subject-verb agreements, differing nominal and verbal sentences, the use of auxiliary verbs, and determining the correct article, preposition, conjunction, relative pronoun in adjective clauses, and adjectives order in noun phrases.

The present study investigates and identifies the types of grammar errors that 84 Korean EFL (KEFL) learners made when they took the TOEIC Speaking...

Writing is a visual depiction of thoughts, feelings, and ideas using the written language for communication purposes or conveying certain messages. Having the ability to write, of course, allows humans to communicate ideas, appreciation, and experiences to others. Writing skill is possessed through intensive training and guidance which must be trained continuously to gain excellent writing skill. This study explores EFL learners’ writing ability in actualizing their skill in writing a descriptive paragraph. The study revealed that EFL learners’ writing ability is under expected skill. Therefore, this study implies that intensive improvement programs should be conducted by the educational institution to maximize learners’ writing skills

This study deals with error analysis on composition written by EFL Students IAIM NU Metro. It aims at developing further analyzing of error analysis in second language learners. For this purpose, an empirical study was conducted, using Indonesian students learning English as the subject of research. To achieve this purpose, the researcher explored the type of grammatical errors made by students at different grade semesters: the second, the sixth, and the eighth. More specifically, this study was an attempt to describe the type of grammatical error which frequently exist in written composition, to describe frequency grammatical error among the grade semesters, and to describe the sources of errors. Students’ writings were analyzed based on surface strategy taxonomy theory. The results of this research revealed that 268 sentences indicated errors. In all semesters, types of omission error was the highest one 131 (48.9%) sentences. Furthermore, grammatical error in the second semester was the highest one 124 (46.8%) sentences. The sources of errors of this research were mother-tongue influence (Interlingual errors). It was influenced by the native language which interferes with target language learning. The second was Intralingual errors, caused by the target tself like, misanalysis (wrong hypothesis), incomplete rule application.
 
 Keywords: Surface Strategy Taxonomy, Error Analysis, IAIM NU Metro.

This study investigated the types of errors in the essay writing of college students at the elementary level. A total of sixty-four data were collected from thirty-five college students at the elementary level who took a general English course. Dulay et al. (1982)’s surface strategy taxonomy was adopted for the analysis and the students’ errors were categorized into four parts, such as omission, addition, misformation, and misordering. Results showed that the frequency of errors from misformation was the highest (51%), followed by omission (32.95%), misordering (10.71%), and addition (4.76%). In more detail, tense errors were revealed most frequently, followed by word choice. In particular, errors in the use of articles and prepositions occurred in various forms, which are construed as a result of a language system that does not exist in the mother tongue. The students in this study committed various grammatical errors at the sentence level as well as showed a lack of general knowledge about writing. It suggests that second language learners should be taught not only linguistic knowledge but also the strategy to improve writing skills.

Abstract: This study aims to describe the grammar mistakes of Arabic speaking done by Indonesian people. This research uses a type of qualitative describtive research. The source of the data in this study are public in Beji village Jenu sub-district in Tuban districts who make a speech in Indonesia language and often deliver the Arabic words and Arabic sentences. The instrument used in this research include non-systematic observation. Analytical techniques used in analizing language mistakes is qualitative data analysis techniques. The results of this research show that there are grammar errors in Arabic speaking which include; tarkib na’ti, mufrad-jama’, mudzakar-mu’annats, jumlah ismiyah, isim maf’ul, tarkib idlafi, and nakirah-marifat. The advice of this research for the Arabic scholars and the muslims orators in order to use these results as reflection and reference material to be delivered for general public.

Error analysis is one of method to help the teacher in teaching and learning languange , not only in English but in other languagesince the teacher will observe the reason or context why the mistakes are made by the students especially in writing. This error happened when the learners cannot correct themselves.Based on the experience of the writer, not every student at SMP PGRI 10 Candi write the text correctly, because some student in SMP PGRI 10 Candi translate Bahasa to English directly. This is mean that students are influenced by Bahasa patterns in writing. So, the writer wants to help the students at SMP PGRI 10 Candi write descriptive text better and appropriate with the generic structure. The aim of this study is to find out the types of error analysis by Dulay Theory and the dominant type of Surface Strategy Taxonomy in descriptive text that the student wrote. The types of error based on Surface Strategy Taxonomy are (1) Omission (2) Addition (3) Misformation (4) Misordeing. This study used qualitative research through content analysis method. This data was classified based on several criteria. From this study the researcher conlcluded that the dominant types of errors analysis is in misformation

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the instances of grammar mistakes in the spoken English of Thai EFL university students. The research objectives were to compare the errors committed in lexical and sentence structure and their frequencies. The participants comprised 43 first-year English for Business Communication students learning General Listening and Speaking courses at the Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University. The data was gathered through recorded impromptu speeches on randomly assigned topics. The recordings were transcribed and then the data was analyzed using the Surface Strategy Taxonomy. The findings showed that there were 158 grammatical mistakes in total, and they are based on four main categories. Misformation errors were most prevalent, accounting for 69.62% of all errors, with subject-verb agreement (25.32%) and verb form (17.72%) errors being particularly common. Additional errors constituted 15.82%, omission errors 13.29%, and misordering errors 1.27% of the total. The most frequent subcategories were subject-verb agreement errors (25.32%), verb form misformation (17.72%), and tense misformation (12.66%). These results indicate that Thai EFL learners have considerable difficulties in utilizing appropriate grammatical structures in spoken English, and particularly verbs and agreements. The high frequency of misformation errors points to the fact that more focused instruction on problematic structures need to be addressed in lessons in contexts that convey meaningful communication. As such, it provides findings that could help plan specific instructional strategies and curriculum design for enhancing Thai students' spoken English proficiency.

The present paper examines the impact of Arabic language on EFL learners (Algerian) speaking competence. Arab students encounter numerous obstacles in developing their L2 speaking skills. Their limited exposure to English, both in and out of the classroom, impedes their ability to achieve fluency and proficiency in speaking. In the Algerian case, students’ background of learning foreign languages is affected by both their standard Arabic and various local dialects that differ completely from one region to another. In this regard, serious linguistic obstacles may exist due to differences between Arabic and English morphology, phonology, syntax, and orthography so that the teaching process would not be an easy task, especially for beginners. In the light of this, the current study raises the problem of how Arabic language can affect EFL learners’ speaking competency. It aims at highlighting their common errors, raising the Algerian (Arab) students’ consciousness about the impact of their Arabic background on their fluency in English, and developing their competence of speaking through detecting the appropriate methods and techniques of addressing the challenges and difficulties of communicating in the target language. A descriptive type of research was followed via attending and observing sessions of oral expression with first year students (a group of 37 learners) at the University of Kasdi Merbah in Ouargla-Algeria. Via adopting a quantitative approach, a questionnaire was administered to 150 students from the same level to assess their speaking competence and common errors sources. The findings indicate that the Algerian learners’ Arabic background reduces their fluency in English as a result of linguistic, phonological, syntactic, and cultural differences.

Speaking is the most difficult as well as the most complex of all the four skills, as it requires expertise in, and exposure to, the target language. Different factors are found responsible for poor speaking skills among EFL learners in general and Saudi EFL learners in particular. The current study investigates the influence of various factors related to teachers, learners, and learning environment on the students’ attitude towards learning speaking skills. The questionnaire survey was employed to elicit responses from 184 undergraduate EFL male and female students in Taif University. Data analyzed through SPSS reveals that out of five variables only one was insignificant, whereas all other variables showed significant positive effect. In the light of the findings, it could be inferred that lack of measures on the part of teachers and learners as well as the classroom setting/environment do not fully facilitate both the male and female students to learn speaking skills in a better way. The poor level of their skills in English is attributed to the variety of teachers’, learners’, and environment related factors. And these factors affect negatively on the attitude of learners towards learning speaking skills.