Language Is Physical

This paper examines the three central theses of the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics. (1) Quantum mechanics must make use of concepts of classical physics; (2) descriptions which in classical physis are mutually exclusive are complementary descriptions of the same objects in quantum mechanics; (3) the uncertainty relations are natural laws which determine the limits of the application of classical concepts to micro-physical objects. Usually, these central theses of the Copenhagen interpretation are interpreted in a realistic-ontological manner. This paper criticizes this position, and, by means of a comparative investigation of the function of models in classical physics and quantum mechanics, proposes a model-theoretic interpretation. This interpretation lays special stress on the fictional status of models in quantum mechanics.

The problems concerning data quality lead to negative consequences for transport planning; every year many millions of euros are spent collecting data and developing and using travel models that are based on these data. This paper is the result of studies about the effects of some different combinations of languages, understanding that the early step for data quality is comprehension of the questionnaire. It has been hypothesized and demonstrated that a number of verbal and non-verbal languages and the visual presentation of response choices affect respondents’ perception and influences answers. Starting from this assumption, research has been developed to test different forms of languages on a well defined group of people using a self-administered questionnaire. To this aim the university staff working in the department of transport and students attending transport courses were chosen. The innovation in the design of the tests developed in the research is the use of a small group because each unit represents a reliable result concerning the people’s understanding of the question. The same questions, elaborated following different verbal and non verbal languages, were proposed to the interviewer in the same time period to avoid external effects influencing the people’s answers. The results of this experiment are really interesting and suggest that differences in question format also influence the responses of people with “high education” levels.

Exciton-polarons in self-assembling helical aggregates: relating optical properties to supramolecular structure

The article formulates the main principle of physics, which underlies this science. This principle has been called by the author of this article the Principle of differentiation into physical and mathematical theories. The article gives examples of the application of this principle in quantum mechanics and cosmology. A more detailed proof of the principle of equivalence of the electromagnetic field and the field of strong interaction to a free material particle is given. This principle, formulated in the article “Electrodynamics in Curvilinear Coordinates and the Equation of a Geodesic Line”, revealed the nature of the mass of elementary particles and became the basis for the formulation of the Principle of differentiation into physical and mathematical theories.

The 20th century, in the capitalist west, was marked by the visual. The arts and the productive and marketing logic used this language intensely. The visual guided behaviors, senses and allowed social differentiation. Fashion and fashions did not speak only for the utilitarian needs of clothing or expressions of language, they referred to the visual as a form of language and the production of social representations. Fashion in Rio de Janeiro is considered to be behavior, attitude and social language. Fashion is found in all records about the city and behavior is confused with the production of a lifestyle. In fact, in Rio de Janeiro, the word fashion is always marked by the idea of a precise time and an inevitable plurality.

What if subconscious somatic impulses were to be heard? What if these impulses were a means to communicate silently and non-categorically? What would a film that follows these bodily impulses look and sound like? To answer these questions, I have devised a cinematic production and postproduction process that prioritizes neither verbal language nor mimesis but, instead, subliminal subtext. Through a form of worldbuilding and storytelling that focuses on the silences between the bodies in front of the camera, I expose a hidden somatic language and capture it in moving images. I trace tensions and affective expressions that are visible within the body yet often buried underneath words and deliberate gesturing. As part of my production method, I analyze performers’ synchronized sonic breath data with the help of machine learning and custom-made wearable stethoscopes I have developed to foreground the intricate physical expressions that tend to be unseen yet form a distinct language unique to the encounters and intimacies exchanged between bodies. Much like a polygraph, this process exposes corporeal impulses and reveals the nuances bodies communicate when they cannot hide behind words or control their reflexive reactions. I then actively “co-edit” with the algorithm and disregard the traditional shot - counter shot logic to, instead, privilege patterns of kinaesthetic communication that demand a different rhythm. Kinaesthetic negotiation does not organize around questions and answers nor around the notion of turn-taking as dictated by verbal communication. Instead, bodies exchange somatic information simultaneously and continuously (Barsalou 2003, Feldman Barrett 2017, Bateson 1977). In order to decipher patterns within somatic communication, each exchange is regarded as singular and specific to the interactions of the particular bodies involved. Unlike the current trend of using deep learning by relying on vast and inevitably misrepresentative datasets, my application of AI uses the specific data of the people involved in the filmmaking process and is not exposed to biased datasets. This presentation discusses how somatic dynamics, once deciphered as a form of language, reveal affective patterns in non-verbal communication that are key to how bodies move one another on screen. It introduces an application of AI in cinema which attends to and augments corporeal nuance.

This study proposes the analysis of Sesinho magazine, a publication of SESI - Social Service of Industry, in the period of 2001 to 2011 to identify the use of the material as a communicative practice and how the discourse of the institute is revealed by the iconographic language of comics, inside the context of institutional communication. The reading of comics lies in the understanding of words and images, which together, delimit the content of the message sent and, in this context, the study questions the appropriation of language in the construction of SESI?s speech for children, target audience of the publication. In this work we will focus on concepts related to organizational communication, an area that covers the studies of communication phenomenon on organizations, with the relational perspective, that considers the relevance of all the actors in the production of the institutional speech. To this area has highlighted the aspect of institutional communication that represents the ways in which organizational speech is shared and understood by the public that directly or indirectly influence and are influenced by organizations. It is considered in this research, as an institutional speech, industry?s utterances, in its various forms of language, which aim to produce meaning among its interlocutors, referred here as the various publics with which SESI is related. The research adopts the qualitative method and occurs on two levels: descriptive, which aims to describe the characteristics of visual and verbal languages of the publications with the establishment of relations between them, and exploratory, with the aim of obtaining an overview of the ten years of production of the material. The methodological approach adopted in this study for data collection and data analysis is Content Analysis, a technique of hybrid feature that can be used in a systematic way for the content analysis of verbal and visual language, therefore, applicable to the study of comics images, which is intended to identify the discursive constructions that are embedded in the iconographic language. Considerations obtained show that the use of comics in the context of institutional communication can contribute to the production of meaning by the reader, when it recognizes the meanings and emotional impacts of image, thus being relevant and appropriate to the relational communicative practice in organizations. Thus, the study may contribute with new researches in the field of image and in its relation to the field of organizational communication, which is considered the convergence of comics with the prospect of interactive communication that sees organizations as discursive constructions.

When the 5th Solvay conference on quantum theory took place in Brussels in 1927, the quantum community had undergone 2 years of rapid development and intense debate. Within the period from 1925 to 1927, matrix and wave mechanics had been developed independently of each other. The two theories were proven to be mathematically equivalent and turned out to be two formulations of an overarching quantum mechanical formalism. During this time, the new theories were applied to various problems that had long resisted solution and extended to new phenomena that were beyond their initial scope. Concurrently with this development, the proponents of wave mechanics and matrix mechanics, Erwin Schrodinger, Werner Heisenberg and the physicists from Gottingen and Copenhagen, first entered a heated debate on the meaning of quantum mechanics. At the heart of their discussion were the fundamental changes that the new quantum mechanics implied for physical theories in general. Basic elements of classical mechanics and the old quantum theory, such as the ability to visualize an abstract mathematical formalism in space and time, were missing in the developing theory. It was uncertain whether quantum mechanics in general could be understood in these terms, well established in classical mechanics. At first, the founders of matrix mechanics, Werner Heisenberg, Max Born and Pascual Jordan, found these questions rather unimportant. They believed, that the abstract mathematical formalism of quantum mechanics provided all that was required from a physical theory, and that the lack of physical models was unavoidable. Erwin Schrodinger and Louis de Broglie, on the other hand, were unwilling to accept the abandonment of the former aims of the physical theory and questioned whether progress within quantum mechanics was even possible without the most powerful tools for understanding natural phenomena.

This is a call for contributions to a special issue ofJournal of Physics A: Mathematical and General entitled `Singular Interactions in Quantum Mechanics: Solvable Models'. This issue should be a repository for high quality original work. We are interested in having the topic interpreted broadly, that is, to include contributions dealing with point-interaction models, one- and many-body, quantum graphs, including graph-like structures coupling different dimensions, interactions supported by curves, manifolds, and more complicated sets, random and nonlinear couplings, etc., as well as approximations helping us to understand the meaning of singular couplings and applications of such models on different parts of quantum mechanics. We believe that when the second printing of the `bible' of the field, the book Solvable Models in Quantum Mechanics by S Albeverio, F Gesztesy, the late R Høegh-Krohn and H Holden, appears it is the right moment to review new developments in this area, with the hope of stimulating further development of these extremely useful techniques.

Revisiting the admissibility of non-contextual hidden variable models in quantum mechanics

<span>Learning vocabulary through English audiovisual materials has long been a popular method among students. With the advancement of digital technology, this approach has gained even more attraction, leading to a growing number of studies that have investigated its effectiveness. However, there is a notable scarcity of research addressing the challenges that students face; therefore, the current study aims to explore students’ perspectives on the challenges along with the benefits of using audiovisual media as tools for learning vocabulary. This study was done through a quantitative approach using a questionnaire that included both open-ended and closed-ended questions. With the participation of 132 senior English-major students at Thu Dau Mot University in Vietnam, the study collected 117 valid questionnaires that provided valid data for analysis. Through descriptive statistics, the results reveal the improvements in pronunciation and listening skills, enhanced understanding of slang and idiomatic expressions, and increased exposure to the natural use of the target language. However, the findings also reveal that this method poses challenges for students, including misunderstandings stemming from the use of formal or informal language and an over-reliance on audiovisual media. Therefore, the study emphasizes the need for structured guidance to foster language learning outcomes.</span>

Computational approaches plays a dynamic role in the variety of modules for quantum mechanical (QM) and molecular mechanical (MM) simulations by 09 software. In this work complexation behavior has been investigated between different composition of poly styrene-co-methacrylic acid (SMA) and poly styrene-co-4-vinylpyridine (S4VP). Polymer-polymer complexations performed by semi-empirical methods are DFT (B3LYP,RHF) levels of theory via 6-31 basis set. Quantitative interaction analyzed by different techniques such as optimization of conformers, binding energy of blend polymers through Hartree-Fock (HF), hydrogen non-polar bond distance, spectrum of IR/UV-Vis spectroscopy at MM & QM model, and the excitation energy at quantum mechanical level change into wavelength contains a number of absorption bands (200, 261.17, 250, 300, 350 nm). In this research an impact on miscibility complexation was also observed in polymers blend system followed by hydrogen-bonding SMA and S4VP (QM = 6.40, MM = 17.25). This research further confirmed the Hydrogen-bonding connections between carboxylic and pyridine clusters in different areas (MM = 3200 , QM = 3400 ) by a qualitative analysis through IR. Furthermore it is observed that QM methods provide distinct data as compared to MM methods, however it is worth mentioning that QM methods produce more reliable data of different properties of the system.

The term proposition usually denotes in quantum mechanics (QM) an element of (standard) quantum logic (QL). Within the orthodox interpretation of QM the propositions of QL cannot be associated with sentences of a language stating properties of individual samples of a physical system, since properties are nonobjective in QM. This makes the interpretation of propositions problematical. The difficulty can be removed by adopting the objective interpretation of QM proposed by one of the authors (semantic realism, or SR, interpretation). In this case, a unified perspective can be adopted for QM and classical mechanics (CM), and a simple first order predicate calculus L(x) with Tarskian semantics can be constructed such that one can associate a physical proposition (i.e., a set of physical states) with every sentence of L(x). The set $P^{f}$ of all physical propositions is partially ordered and contains a subset $P^{f}_{T}$ of testable physical propositions whose order structure depends on the criteria of testability established by the physical theory. In particular, $P^{f}_{T}$ turns out to be a Boolean lattice in CM, while it can be identified with QL in QM. Hence the propositions of QL can be associated with sentences of L(x), or also with the sentences of a suitable quantum language $L_{TQ}(x)$, and the structure of QL characterizes the notion of testability in QM. One can then show that the notion of quantum truth does not conflict with the classical notion of truth within this perspective. Furthermore, the interpretation of QL propounded here proves to be equivalent to a previous pragmatic interpretation worked out by one of the authors, and can be embodied within a more general perspective which considers states as first order predicates of a broader language with a Kripkean semantics.

The rationale for the prospects of using the physical and mathematical theory of metal creep in creep computations is carried out by a comparative analysis of the classical phenomenological and physical and mathematical metal creep theories. On the example of the description by both theories specific results of non-stationary creep experiments and analysis of the theories equations it is shown that implementing the physical kinetic equation for the actual structural parameter of the material, namely the scalar density of immobile dislocations, makes the physical and mathematical theory universal for solving non-stationary metal creep problems with multiaxial loading, when change, including abruptly, temperature, forces and loading rates.

The ideas from quantum mechanics (QM) have been used as one of problem-solving methods in the field of economics, especially in game theory and decision theory, starting about “coin flip” and “prisoner’s dilemma” and now days “decision paradoxes”. In this paper, the concept of QM is applied to prudence and temperance. Classically, risk aversion, prudence, and temperance are characterized by the risk attitude toward losses and its volatility (variance), skewness, and kurtosis as well as by utility theory, where derivatives of the utility are related to risk aversion, prudence, and temperance. Here those are treated as decision paradoxes and in the QM model, probabilities of alternatives are tentatively set as unknown and a person’s subjective probabilities toward the alternatives are set as parameterized. Investigating the utility difference before averaging can show the difference among risk aversion, prudence, and temperance. In that sense, a new QM interpretation of risk aversion, prudence, and temperance as opposed to the classical interpretation was founded in the first time.