Laplace's Integral, the Gamma Function, and Beyond

Numerous special functions, including the beta function, hypergeometric functions, and other orthogonal polynomials, are closely connected to the gamma function. Recently, gamma function has been enhanced by adding a new parameter. As a consequence, this gamma is called the parametric gamma function or b-gamma function. By utilizing the enhanced gamma function (or the parametric gamma function), we have present a generalization for the special function Rabotnov function. Consequently, new fractal-fractional operators (derivative and integral) involving the generalized Rabotnov function are defined. Analysis is introduced to discover the main properties of the suggested operators. Since the main challenge in the calculus of fractal-fractional operators is to design examples, we illustrate a set of examples including power series. We explore the boundedness of the recommended operators. There are many gains for checking the boundedness of fractal operators in general and fractal-fractional operators in particular. Moreover, as an application, we establish the existence and uniqueness solution of abstract fractal-fractional equation. Examples are presented at the end of the effort. Graphics and computations are observed using MATHEMATICA 13.3 software.•By using the parametric gamma function, the Rabotnov special function is generalized. New fractal-fractional operators are presented using the generalized Rabotnov function with examples;•Boundedness of these operators is investigated, where bounded operators give a strong foundation for understanding linear transformations across normed spaces, with many applications in science and mathematics.•Conditions of the existence and uniqueness of solutions of fractal-fractional differential abstract equation are established.

The objective of present research is to introduce and analyze a new special function that occurs as a part of the kernel of the integral representation of the λ-generalized Hurwitz-Lerch zeta functions. One important aspect of the analysis of special functions is to study their properties. It is found that λ-generalized gamma function satisfies the log convex and derivative properties. Recurrence relation and reflection formula are achieved that are always important to study the behavior of new functions. As an application, a new series representation of the λ-generalized Hurwitz-Lerch zeta functions is established. These new results are validated by analyzing their important cases that agree with the known results. It is interesting to note that the coefficients in the series representation of the family of zeta functions are generalized from “1” to “gamma function” and then to “generalized gamma” and “λ-generalized gamma functions” in a simple and natural way.

In this present paper, first, we investigate a new generalized Pochhammer's symbol and its various properties in terms of a new symbol $(s; k)$, where $s; k > 0$. Then, we define a new generalization of gamma and beta functions and their various associated properties in the form of $(s; k)$. Also, we define a new generalization of hypergeometric functions and develop differential equations for generalized hypergeometric functions in the form of $(s; k)$. We present that generalized hypergeometric functions are the solution of the said differential equation. Furthermore, some useful results and properties and integral representation related to these generalized Pochhammer's symbol, gamma function, beta function, and hypergeometric functions are presented.

This study aims to present the $q$-Vietoris numbers, a generalization of the Vietoris numbers, by using quantum calculus ($q$-calculus) and to investigate some of their algebraic properties, such as recurrence relations, a representation with the $q$-Gamma function, and some essential identities. Furthermore, it derives some finite summation formulas involving the $q$-harmonic numbers and the $q$-Vietoris numbers. Finally, the study discusses the need for further research.

This study presents a detailed investigation into the analytical properties of the generalized Gamma function introduced by Dilcher. We establish a fundamental recurrence relation and derive novel reflection formula for this generalized function, extending the classical identities known for the Euler Gamma function. Further, we analyze the generalized digamma function, the logarithmic derivative of the generalized Gamma function, and obtain a significant difference equation that characterizes its behavior. Explicit expressions for the evaluation of this generalized digamma function at half‐integer arguments are provided. The study also introduces the natural extension to generalized polygamma functions and reports on several special values for both classical and generalized cases. To complement the theoretical analysis, a graphical representation of the generalized digamma function is included, alongside supporting numerical computations that illustrate its properties and validate the derived results. Our findings provide a comprehensive framework that enhances the understanding of these generalized special functions and underscores their potential for broader application in mathematical physics and number theory.

From pointillism to E-infinity electromagnetism

Adrien-Marie Legendre was one of the great number theorists of the 19 th century. He proved a whole host of amazing results. One wonders what he would think of the applications and consequences of his work over a century later. One of his great discoveries is the Duplication Formula for the Gamma Function [10]. The Gamma function, G (z), is a function defined for all complex numbers that agrees with the factorial function at the natural numbers. In a sense you should think of the Gamma function as a generalization of the factorial function.

Let A and A ~ be n × n matrices. Let Γ ( A ) and Γ − 1 ( A ) be the Euler gamma function and inverse gamma function of A, respectively. We derive norm estimates for Γ ( A ~ ) − Γ ( A ) and Γ − 1 ( A ~ ) − Γ − 1 ( A ) . To the best of our knowledge such estimates are obtained for the first time in the available literature. In addition, we suggest a new norm estimate for Γ ( A ) and discuss applications of that estimate to the matrix beta function.

Considering the equations for some functions involving the first or the second derivatives of the biconfluent Heun function, we construct two expansions of the solutions of the biconfluent Heun equation in terms of incomplete Beta functions. The first series applies single Beta functions as expansion functions, while the second one involves a combination of two Beta functions. The coefficients of expansions obey four- and five-term recurrence relations, respectively. It is shown that the proposed technique is potent to produce series solutions in terms of other special functions. Two examples of such expansions in terms of the incomplete Gamma functions are presented.

In this paper, we consider multiplication formulas and their inversion formulas for Hurwitz–Lerch zeta functions. Inversion formulas give simple proofs of known results, and also show generalizations of those results. Next, we give a generalization of digamma and gamma functions in terms of Hurwitz–Lerch zeta functions, and consider its properties. In all the sections, various results are always proved by multiplication and inversion formulas.

Harmonic analysis and the flow of a Drinfeld module

Let $$\mathbb {R}_+$$ ℝ + denote the open half-line (0, ∞) and let Δ denote the forward difference operator on the space of functions from $$\mathbb {R}_+$$ ℝ + to $$\mathbb {R}$$ ℝ . In this book, we are interested in the classical difference equation Δf = g on $$\mathbb {R}_+$$ ℝ + , which can be written explicitly as $$\displaystyle f(x+1)-f(x) ~=~ g(x),\qquad x>0, $$ f ( x + 1 ) − f ( x ) = g ( x ) , x > 0 , where $$g\colon \mathbb {R}_+\to \mathbb {R}$$ g : ℝ + → ℝ is a given function. This equation appears naturally in the theory of the Euler gamma function, with $$f(x) = \ln \Gamma (x)$$ f ( x ) = ln Γ ( x ) and $$g(x) = \ln x$$ g ( x ) = ln x , but also in the study of many other special functions such as the Barnes G-function and the Hurwitz zeta function (see Examples 1.6 and 1.7 below).

By using the most generalized gamma function (parametric gamma function, or p-gamma function), we present the most generalized Rabotnov function, called the p-Rabotnov function. Consequently, new fractal–fractional differential and integral operators of a complex variable in an open unit disk are defined and investigated analytically and geometrically. We address some inequalities involving the generalized fractal–fractional integral operator in some spaces of analytic functions. A novel complex fractal–fractional integral transform (CFFIT) is presented. A normalization of the proposed CFFIT is observed in the open unit disk. Examples are illustrated for power series of analytic functions.

Chapter 4 - Special functions

Associated to any finite reflection group G on an Euclidean space there is a parametrized commutative algebra of differential-difference operators with as many parameters as there are conjugacy classes of reflections.The Hecke algebra of the group can be represented by monodromy action on the space of functions annihilated by each differential-difference operator in the algebra.For each irreducible representation of G the differential-difference equations lead to a linear system of first-order meromorphic differential equations corresponding to an integrable connection over the G-orbits of regular points in the complexification of the Euclidean space.The fundamental group is the generalized Artin braid group belonging to G, and its monodromy representation factors over the Hecke algebra of G. Monodromy has long been of importance in the study of special functions of several variables, for example, the hyperlogarithms of Lappo-Danilevsky are used to express the flat sections and the work of Riemann on the monodromy of the hypergeometric equation is applied to the case of dihedral groups.