Learning fuzzy logic control: an indirect control approach

The paper is concerned with two types of fuzzy PID controllers, the rule-based fuzzy PID controller and the learning fuzzy PID controller. Initially, the development of the rule-based fuzzy PID controller is studied, and subsequently, the development of the learning fuzzy PID controller is outlined. For the rule-based fuzzy PID controller, the PID gains are firstly tuned using a conventional tuning method. The rule buffer of the rule-based fuzzy then readjusts the PID gains during the system operation. The learning fuzzy PID controller not only readjusts the PID gains, it also creates and updates the rules in the rule-buffer automatically during the application of the learning fuzzy PID controller to the process. The rule-based fuzzy PID controller and the learning fuzzy PID controller are both applied to a non-linear revolute-joint robot-arm for path tracking experiments. The results of the experiments for the rule-based fuzzy PID controller and the learning fuzzy controller are compared with a conventional PID controller in order to evaluate the results.

Over the past two decades, there has been a rapidly growing interest in approximating a nonlinear system by a Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model (Takagi & Sugeno, 1985). In general, this model is represented by using a set of fuzzy rules to describe a global nonlinear system in terms of a set of local linear models which are smoothly connected by fuzzy membership functions. Based on the T-S fuzzy model, recently, various fuzzy controllers have been developed under the so-called parallel-distributed compensation (PDC) scheme (in which each control rule is distributively designed for the corresponding rule of a T-S fuzzy model) and have been widely and successfully applied in fields ranging from aerospace to process control. The reason is because the fuzzy model-based control method provides a natural, simple and effective design approach to complement other nonlinear control techniques that require special and rather involved knowledge. Below are listed the main features of T-S model-based fuzzy control method: 1. It does not require severe structural assumptions on the plant model. 2. It preserves well-understood linear intuition. 3. It is naturally compatible with decompositions of the overall control problem. The decompositions are typically not hierarchical, and the interactions of sub-problems are captured by physical variables that are typically state variables in a more complete model of the overall system. 4. It enables control systems to respond rapidly to changing operating conditions. For this reason, it is important that the selected physical variables reflect changes in plant dynamics as operating conditions change. In fact, the T-S model-based fuzzy control method (of divide and conquer type) constructs a nonlinear controller, with certain required dynamic properties, by combining, in some sense, the members of appropriate family of linear time-invariant controllers. Here, nonlinear control design task is broken into a number of linear sub-problems, which enable linear design methods to be applied to nonlinear problems. Within the general framework of the T-S fuzzy model-based control method, a flurry of research activities have quickly yielded many important results on the design of fuzzy control systems by means of the following Lyapunov function approaches: 1. Common quadratic Lyapunov function approach (Tanaka & Sugeno, 1992; Tanaka et al, 1996; Wang et al, 1996; Cao & Frank, 2000; Assawinchaichote, 2004).

The paper discusses the controller design for a class of fuzzy systems. A new method is developed for the design of fuzzy control systems. The basic idea of this new method is to represent the fuzzy system in a family of local state space models, and then to construct a global controller by considering each local state feedback controller. It is shown that this controller guarantees global stability of the closed loop fuzzy system. The issue of a state observer for the fuzzy system is also addressed. A numerical example is given for demonstration of the performance of the method. >

This paper addresses the analysis and design of fuzzy control systems for a class of complex uncertain single input single output nonlinear systems. In the design procedure, we represent the nonlinear system using a Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model and construct a global fuzzy logic controller by blending all local state feedback controllers with a sliding mode controller. Unlike the commonly used parallel distributed compensation technique, we can design a global stable fuzzy controller without finding a common Lyapunov function for all local control systems, and can obtain a good tracking performance. Furthermore, a stability analysis is carried out not for the fuzzy model but for a real nonlinear system with uncertainties. One simulation example is given to show the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed fuzzy controller design method.

Gravitational search algorithm-based design of fuzzy control systems with a reduced parametric sensitivity

Based on the properties analysis of Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy systems with two-overlapped fuzzy partition (TFP) inputs, an analytical design approach of T-S fuzzy control systems is proposed in this paper. This approach includes two parts: (1) a new method to check the stability of a T-S fuzzy control system which only requires to find a common positive-definite matrix in each maximal overlapped-rules group (MORG). This method can reduce the conservatism and difficulty of the former stability analysis methods. (2) The systematic design of T-S fuzzy controllers by means of the parallel distributed compensation (PDC) and linear matrix inequalities (LMI). The simulation results of a nonlinear mass-spring-damper system show that this approach is effective.

In this paper, a class of fuzzy stochastic control systems with random delays is examined. The fuzzy rule base used consists of a collection of r fuzzy IF-THEN rules defined as a function of the conditional variable. The method of theory of invariant cones is used to design a class of local fuzzy control law. A verifiable sufficient condition for stochastic stability of the fuzzy stochastic delay differential equation is given.

In this second part of the paper on the analysis and design of uncertain fuzzy control systems, we present a controller design method for a class of uncertain fuzzy control systems. This class of systems can be represented by the discrete-time uncertain fuzzy models discussed in Part I. Since this model representation considers system uncertainties and system disturbance, the controller design problem for this kind of model becomes a H/sub /spl infin// control problem for a nonlinear uncertain system. A new stability analysis and control system design approach are then developed for this kind of uncertain fuzzy model. Furthermore, a constructive algorithm is developed to obtain the H/sub /spl infin// feedback control law.

This paper presents a rigorous mathematical development for the design of robust intelligent type-2 fuzzy control systems with regards to the disturbance rejection problem. The majority of the papers in the literature uses only type-1 fuzzy systems for the modeling of both plant ant controller. In the control structure presented in this paper, we use type-2 fuzzy systems, which are more generalized than their type-1 counterparts and particularly known for handling uncertainties. This work extends and generalizes the previous results for the design of robust intelligent control systems. The final robust criteria are given based on linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), and two examples are provided to demonstrate the developed methodologies. The simulation results also show the potential of type-2 fuzzy controllers in improving robustness compared to type-1. The mathematically-sound general framework proposed in this paper provides a systematic tool for the design of robust intelligent controllers, and hence it is expected to widen their applications.

A new DNA-based immune genetic algorithm (DNA-IGA) is proposed to design a class of Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy control systems. The DNA-IGA is developed from the structures of biological immune system and DNA. The genetic operators of the method are based on the DNA genetic operations and evaluation of immune system. It uses DNA encoding method stemmed from the biological DNA to encode the design parameters of the fuzzy controllers. The DNA encoding method can significantly shorten the code length of antibodies and is suitable for complex knowledge representation. The proposed method has the local search ability and prevents the premature convergence. As a demonstration, we show how to implement the new method to optimize the design parameters of the TS fuzzy controller in control of a nonlinear system. Computer simulation indicates that the designed fuzzy controller is satisfactory.

Position control in joint space is a basic problem in robot control where the goal is to make the manipulator joint track a desired trajectory. A number of globally asymptotically stable position control algorithms are available in the literature. Among them, an application of intelligent fuzzy PID controller to position control of robot system is studied in this paper. The robot system used is the laparoscopic surgery robot of the National Cancer Center, Korea. The intelligent fuzzy control algorithms consist of rule-based fuzzy PID and learning fuzzy schemes. The results of the experiments for the rulebased fuzzy PID controller and the learning fuzzy controller are compared with results using conventional PID controller. Various performance indices like the RMS error, IAE, ISE and etc. are used for comparison. It is observed that the learning fuzzy controller gives the best performance. Further refinement of the proposed algorithm for the control performance enhancement is under way.KeywordsFuzzy PID ControlPosition ControlLearning ControlRule-based Fuzzy PID controlReal-time OSLaparoscopic surgerySurgical robotTelesurgery

This paper presents the design and application of fuzzy neural network control system for the rotary cement kiln system. Due to the dynamic characteristics and reaction process parameters are with features of large inertia, pure hysteresis, nonlinearity and strong coupling, the fuzzy neural network controller combining both the advantages of neural network and fuzzy control was applied. The fuzzy neural network is an adaptive control process whose parameters can be adjusted by learning algorithms automatically which is aimed to eliminate the shortcomings of conventional control methods. The main control system structure includes mainly the pressure control loop, the burning zone control loop and the back-end of kiln temperature control loop. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the control scheme with satisfied dynamic performances on response time and overshoot.

This paper presents new stability conditions and LMI (linear matrix inequality) based designs for both continuous and discrete fuzzy control systems. First, Takagi and Sugeno's fuzzy models and some stability results are recalled. To design fuzzy control systems, nonlinear systems are represented by Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy models. The concept of parallel distributed compensation is employed to design fuzzy controllers from the Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy models. New stability conditions are obtained by relaxing the stability conditions derived in previous papers. The stability analysis of the feedback system is reduced to a problem of finding a common Lyapunov function for a set of linear matrix inequalities. Convex optimization techniques involving LMIs are utilized to find a common Lyapunov function. A procedure to design the fuzzy controller is constructed using the parallel distributed compensation and the relaxed stability conditions. Some stability issues are remarked. A simple example demonstrates the effects of the derived stability conditions.

This paper presents a method for fuzzy model reference adaptive control system design for a partially known multi-input multi-output (MIMO) linear dynamic plant. Differential or convolutional equations can describe the plant to be controlled, and the fuzzy controller is assumed to be from the MIMO sector-bounded nonstationary nonlinearities class. The task is to obtain robust adaptive stabilization. Some absolute stability theorems and integral evaluations of the state and control vectors are applied in the MIMO fuzzy adaptive controller design procedure for the first time. A method for automatically obtaining a near-optimal nonlinear dynamic reference model is described. A practical step-by-step procedure of the MIMO adaptive fuzzy controller design is proposed, resulting in highly interpretable MIMO fuzzy control rules based on triangular fuzzy sets and strong triangular fuzzy partition. An example of the fuzzy controller design according to the proposed procedure is given.

Amid design of fuzzy control systems, one important way is to regard the fuzzy systems as approximators to approximate the unknown functions in the system. Concerning the unknownness of the unknown functions, generally there are two cases: a completely unknown case, and a partly unknown case. Clearly, if an unknown function belongs to the latter, the knowledge available about the function should be utilised as much as possible in the system development. In this paper, our goal is to design a fuzzy controller for a class of model reference adaptive systems with uncertainties, which can correspond to the either case.