LOCAL HEROES

The Sentani people in Papua have wealth of cultural heritages which was formerly actively practiced. One of them is traditional games (TG). Since 1970 when their area turned into a provincial capital and infrastructure development took place and modernization, the Sentani people began to lose land for TG. Now the younger generation does not recognize and practice these traditional sports and games. This study aims to (1) document traditional Sentani sports and games and (2) discuss their potential utilization in several fields. This research was conducted in October-December 2022 in several villages and islands on Lake Sentani through interviews and FGDs with informants consisting of tribal chiefs, the elders, Papuan customary council members, and government officials. This research found several TG which can be divided into two, namely water TG i.e., rukha hasai, rem phaeikho-phaeikho, and bhu phaeikho-phaeikho as well as land TG, i.e., mokhone oro habele sablei, fela-fela, and mendelauw. TG couldbe utilized as media of education, charater building, tourism and creative economy. Apart from being a social awareness, it is hoped that this research can become a cultural preservation of Sentani and utilized so that this intangible heritage does not become extinct and can be disseminated to the world community.

The implementation of traditional game-based learning aimed at improving students' physical fitness is very important to do. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the comparison of learning physical fitness activities based on traditional Balinese sports games for the physical fitness of students in junior high schools in Denpasar City. This study used a survey research design using a quantitative approach with a comparative descriptive design. Where, the sample in this study amounted to 200 junior high school students obtained based on cluster sampling technique. The instrument used was the ACSPFT test for junior high school students. The data analysis used includes descriptive statistics (mean, min, max, category) and inferential statistics using MANOVA followed by the Poshoc Tukey test and independent sample t-test. The integration of local wisdom in this case is traditional games in learning very well, in addition to strengthening and introducing local culture, integrating traditional games into learning will make it easier for teachers to teach the learning they want to teach, especially in Physical Education subjects. Physical education is very compatible with the character of traditional games that make children play, which contains elements of cognitive, affective, psychomotor. Moreover, Physical Education for junior high schools in its implementation must generate student interest in learning Physical Education, so one of the learning methods is by using traditional games. Traditional games can be used as an alternative in junior high school physical education. Because traditional games contain elements of play, they are not bound by many rules such as competition which will improve students' physical fitness. Due to the physical fitness of students will be formed, if physical activity is carried out continuously for a long time and is sustainable.

Traditional games or folk games in the city of Binjai are part of Indonesian culture that have been passed down from generation to generation. Traditional games contain moral messages that are beneficial for children's motoric, cognitive, emotional and social development. However, as the times progressed which pushed technology in various fields, the existence of traditional games began to be replaced by the presence of modern games which are currently more popular with children. Of course, this has a bad impact, namely that the moral messages and cultural values contained in traditional games are not conveyed well to the next generation, especially children. Therefore, information media is needed to convey these traditional games again. Therefore, 'Designing Information Media About Traditional Games in Binjai City, North Sumatra' was created. This design was made in the form of an illustrated book and several other media mixes. The data collection methods used were observation, interviews, questionnaires, and literature study. In data analysis, the method used is SWOT analysis with a target audience of children aged 7-12 years. Then these data are used in the process of creating the work which goes through several stages. The results of this design become a source of information for the people of Binjai City regarding existing traditional games through a media mix presented in the form of printed illustrated books as the main media. Then there is another media mix which supports the main media consisting of digital book, poster and infographic, traditional games, manual book, merchandise and outdoor media.

The state of Jharkhand is characterized by having more than 40 kinds of traditional sports and games. Each and every indoor and outdoor game plays unique role in creating the educational environment among the children. Consequently it has been recognized that the game is a medium for teaching-learning process and development of skillness among the children of the concern area. Children learn the language, mathematics, environment, skillness, culture, tradition and custom and finally becoming a responsible member of the society. The traditional game is gradually loosing its importance due to implementation of different kinds of modern games. In this paper it has been tried to highlight the significance of traditional sports and games for creating the new zeal among the children of the new generation.

The purpose of this service is to introduce the traditional sports game of running blocks in elementary schools in Ridomanah Village, Cibarusah District, Bekasi Regency. The implementation of traditional sports is still not carried out evenly in Indonesian education. Currently, amidst the increasing popularity of modern sports, children's interest in traditional sports activities is decreasing. Especially in Ridomanah village. The lack of introduction of this traditional sport to children, resulting in a lack of knowledge of the rules of play and interest in doing traditional sports including traditional sports games running blocks. Starting from this problem, the community service team between lecturers and students of Universitas Islam 45 made a community service program with the theme of ethnography of traditional sports running blocks in Ridomanah Village with a case study of elementary school children. The main target is elementary school level children with ethnographic methods by conducting socialization and training. The results of the implementation of this activity show an interest or tendency to exercise towards the traditional sport of running blocks. This community service activity has a good effect on children to increase knowledge related to traditional running block games.

The purpose of this research is to carry out a traditional game, especially a kite, as an effort to overcome stress in elementary school students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Quantitative research with the type of survey research is carried out in this study. The sample in this study amounted to 10 students. The sample was selected based on being domiciled in a block whose houses were not far apart so that it was easy to condition them. The distribution of questionnaires and performing organized interviews with parents and kids make up the data collection process. In this study, the Lovibond and Lovibond DASS (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale) questionnaire 42 was utilized. Both quantitative and qualitative descriptive methodologies were used to analyze the data. The findings demonstrated that the scores obtained were based on DASS 42 from the circumstances before the test to overcome stress with kite flying and after. Before the trial, the stress value was 31.7, then after that, there was a decrease of around 16.7, which is in the range of 15. Thus, overcoming stress through the traditional kite game is considered quite successful for elementary school students during the COVID-19 pandemic. There are limitations in this study because it is not able to describe the situations of students with a larger scope, different cultures, physical conditions, and urban play environments. Recommendations for further researchers to conduct research for students in overcoming stress against high pressure in the learning process through the form of methods, strategies, and other games.

This research aims to explore the innovation of culture-based education as an effort to build children's character in the context of educational tourism destinations. Against the background of the multi-dimensional crisis faced by the nation, learning of culture becomes very strategic to revive patriotism and maintain cultural diversity. This research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were collected through literature studies, Field observation of educational tourism destinations and how the interaction between learners and the environment takes place, and interview with policy makers and community leaders. The research findings highlighted the need for serious efforts in storing, preserving, and resurfacing scattered cultural data, especially related to oral traditions, manuscripts, customs, rites, traditional knowledge, traditional technology, arts, languages, folk games, and traditional sports. The results reflect the need to focus on strengthening governance related to local traditions, as well as efforts to empower communities through cultural tourism as a source of foreign exchange. In addition, the research highlighted the challenges of saving traditional technologies, local languages, traditional arts and folk games that are in danger of fading away. The research conclusion emphasizes the urgency of promoting culture, literature, and preserving historical traces as an integral part of children's character building efforts. Thus, understanding and love for cultural values can be passed on to the younger generation, strengthening awareness of national identity, and preventing the loss of traditional values amid globalization.

Our study has demonstrated disappearance of traditional children's play and games and modification in modern sports in Ubon Ratchathani, northeast Thailand from a viewpoint of trend-regional surface. Ubon Ratchathani has been rapidly urbanized and a obvious sociocultural difference of regional characteristics is found between rural and urban areas. We chose three districts of Ban (a farm village), Amphoe (the county capital) and Amphoemuang (the prefectural capital), and conducted a survey on the play and games of the upper grades of elementary school in each distinguishable district. The results are as follows; 1) We observed seventy nine kinds of plays including traditional play and games and sports in these three districts. 2) Traditional play and games were much observed in Ban, but they were gradually disappearing in the urban area, which indicated an ordinal structure of Ban, Amphoe and Amphoemuang as the trend-regional surface. 3) Sports were much observed in Amphoemuang, and they were gradually appearing in the urban area, which indicated an ordinal structure of Amphoemuang, Amphoe and Ban.

<p><em>Pancasila as a basis and ideology of the nation has demonstrated its role in leading citizens' attitudes life in filling every process of life. Pancasila became a guide to the life of a nation projected through its people's attitudes always have some noble value as a starting capital in building civilization. Strengthening the value of the nation's younger generation of character is valued highly, using mainly indigenous knowledge (non-western knowledge) based on local wisdom to build a paradigm of thought and attitude. One form of Nusantara's local wisdom that contributes to ideas in affirmation the character of the nation is through game. The gala-gala as traditional Balinese game has demonstrated its role in giving life learning about the values of life that have relevance to strengthening character for the nation's younger generation. The study examined the exploration of Pancasila values in traditional gala-gala folk games as an effort to strengthen the character of Indonesia's younger generation. The method used in this study is descriptive analysis, which means in both descriptive and analysis of the theme under discussion. The result this study is concept of reinforce the character of the younger generation based on Pancasila values in gala-gala traditional game.</em></p>

A country that has several aspects of history, culture and traditions that are developing rapidly, one of which is traditional sports games, one of which is Indonesia. Traditional sports are an alternative that is used to find out traditions and customs in traditional sports games that can be passed on to each generation. The aim of this research is to determine the level of understanding of traditional sports in Class V of SDN 2 Sidokepung Buduran Sidoarjo. This is very necessary for students as a form of awareness in recognizing the customs and traditions of the country. The design of this research is quantitative descriptive research and the data collection method is by filling out a questionnaire. The sample for this research was all male students in class V at SDN 2 Sidokepung Buduran Sidoarjo, totaling 57 students. The results of the research show that class V male students are very interested in traditional sports material in physical education at SDN 2 Sidokepung Buduran Sidoarjo, with the most being in the Medium category, there are 30 students or 53%. In detail, the percentage of research results is for the very low category of 6 students or 11%, the low category of 7 students or 12%, the medium category of 30 students or 53%, the good category of 11 students or 19%, the very good category. as many as 7 students or 5%. The conclusion of this research is that the majority of students' level of understanding at SDN 2 Sidokepung Buduran Sidoarjo in sports learning obtained the highest score in the medium category..

Настоящее исследование проведено в целях развития социальной психологии этноспорта, ориентированной на телесность коренных народов, их традиционные игры и состязания, с детальным исследованием бега с бревном народа тимбира (макроязык же ) в Восточной Амазонии. Было выдвинуто предположение, что бег с бревном можно рассматривать в качестве этноспорта в контексте амазонского перспективизма, в то же время эта практика служит формированию телесности народа тимбира, основанной на общинном духе, и предполагает общее участие всех членов сообщества. Такая практика отвечает: а) понятию этноспорта Кыласова б) современному опыту проведения традиционных игр и состязаний сибиряков, имеющих много схожего с бразильскими, в особенности с бегом с бревном народа тимбира в) Амазоно-американский индейский перспективизм и/или мультинатурализм противопоставленный мультикультурализму в концепции Вивейрош-де-Кастру и его же г) критики антинарциссизма, производной от пост-юнгианства и постулатов Делеза-Гваттари. Исследование с целью основать социальную психологию этноспорта проводилось с обращением к качественному методу, включенному наблюдению во время множества посещений в течение последних пяти лет в 20152019 гг. поселений тимбира в их исконных землях в штате Мараньян. В качестве примера включенных наблюдений можно привести анализ обсуждения бега с бревном как коллективных страданий внутри цикла ритуалов траура в общинах тимбира. Это исследование привело нас к выводу о том, что мы являемся свидетелями роста, появления и актуальности новых воображаемых видов этноспорта со всей их педагогической мощью или склонностью к альтернативному пути, стоящему перед этноцентрическими и евроколонизированными видами англосаксонского спорта и его концепциями тела и человека. Этого вполне достаточно, чтобы бросить вызов себе самому для поиска теоретико-методологических инструментов в психосоциально-междисциплинарном подходе, способствующих исследованиям растущего феномена мирового этноспорта, в целях его продвижения и устойчивого развития. The present study intended to develop the ethnosport social psychology, oriented on indigenous corporality and traditional sport and games of them, with log race detailed research of the Timbira people (macro J language) in Eastern Amazon. It was hypothesized that log race is an ethnosport that can be consider under the Amazonian perspectivism, while the body making of Timbira people is made by this practice involves the common participation of all members of the community. Such practices are adopted the concepts of: a) ethnosport as conceived by Kylasov b) the modern experience of traditional sports and games events of Siberians who have much in common with Brazilian, especially on the Timbira log race c) the Amazon-Amerindian perspectivism and/or the multinaturalism versus multiculturalism originated in the concept of Viveiros-de-Castro, as well his d) Anti-Narcissistic critics, founding echo in post-Jungian and Deleuze-Guattaris postulates. A study to establish the social psychology of ethnosport was conducted with an appeal to a qualitative method, observation included during many visits in the last five years, 20152019, in Timbira communities around the Indigenous Land of Timbira in Maranho State. As example of included observation was analysis, it was discussed the form of log racing as remarking of the collective suffering, inside the cycle of mourning rituals of Timbiras communities. This study inheres leaded us to conclude that we are witnessing the increasing, emerging and urgency of an new ethnosport imaginaries, with all its pedagogical potency, or tendency, to an alternative way facing ethnocentric and Euro-colonized Anglo-Saxon sport and its body and human concepts. This itself is enough to challenge myself to find theoretical-methodological tools in a psychosocial-interdisciplinary approach to contribute to the increasing phenomenon of world ethnosport studies, in order to promote it and sustainable development.

Sometime in the latter half of the nineteenth century, the idea that progress in science and technology would lead to solutions for, or at least control over, human ills had reached Italy as a result of positivism. The Parliament of the new Kingdom of Italy, formed in 1861, worked, among other things, towards increasing the processes of modernisation and industrialisation that were already ongoing in northern and central Italy. This was done to combat the backwardness of the poorer regions in the south and towards augmenting the size and quality of the newly created Italian army so that it could compete on an equal footing with the powerful nations of Europe. In the same period, the government was legislating in favour of public education to fight the great problem of illiteracy, upgrade the teaching classes, improve existing schools and procure the funds needed for social hygiene and care of the body as factors in the physical and moral regeneration of the race. A campaign to increase physical education for both sexes in schools was successfully begun by the then Education Minister, Francesco De Sanctis, who made this subject obligatory by law throughout the nation in 1878. Much has already been said of the Italian doctors of the time who were strongly in favour of gymnastics, traditional games and/or modern sports, as well as other hygienic and recreational physical activities for people of all ages; suffice to mention the ‘apostle of Italian sport', Dr. Angelo Mosso (1846–1910), and the ‘father of Italian gymnastics', Dr. Emilio Baumann (1843–1917). However, not enough has been said about the support for these same activities offered by another famous doctor from the same period, Paolo Mantegazza (1830–1910), on whom the first part of the essay will focus. The latter part will propose a comparative consideration of the works of Mantegazza, Baumann and Mosso, showing similarities but also notable differences in their personality and philosophical approach.

During the last decades, Physical Education has been passing through many changes, especially after the 80’s, with the increasing of the discussions and the elaboration of new proposals related to its objectives, approaches and contents. However, studies have been showing that little has been done on the teaching practice in some places of this country. So, this research tried to analyse the contents dealt on the Physical Education’s classes, on the first series of the Ensino Fundamental, on 6 public schools in Campo Grande-MS. It was an exploratory study, adopting the sistematized observation as research technique. The results show that, although there is a diversification of the teaching contents, the traditional coletive sports (futsal, volleyball, handball and basketball) were predominant on the majority of te schools and classes. The traditional games also appeared as very well approached. It could be concluded that, having a diversification of possibilities of body experience on the Physical Education classes, the group sports have priority, even on the first series of the Ensino Fundamental.

The development of information technology is growing very rapidly so it can meet a variety of activities and human needs. Android is able to provide the effectiveness of the good life for humans. In addition to the Android, someone is able to create something useful. Android is now becoming a very popular program in the world has many advantages. The programs in Android provide a variety of interesting applications for learning, education, social media, games, information and so forth. 
 Traditional games themselves are often called folk games this is a game that has been around since the days of our ancestors, which then passed down from generation to generation, like the traditional game of “Engklek” that often played by the children in rural areas. In line with the developments of science and technology traditional game is successfully combined with games thst appear on Takeshi Castle which is death pool, and also can be played on smartphones, especially with Android system, so it will be very easy to play anytime and anywhere.

In recent years, there has been a growing academic interest in sustainable development and sustainability, as well as in forms of physical activity that may serve as alternatives to globalized sport. One such form of activity is traditional sports and games (TSG). The aim of this paper is to explore the potential of TSG as outdoor activities that integrate recreation with the three main pillars of sustainability. This objective is addressed through a rigorous, structured, non-systematic narrative review of the existing scientific literature on the subject. The authors examined academic studies concerning the relationships between TSG the three pillars of sustainability: social, environmental and economic. The results indicate that, although there are several valuable studies linking TSG with each dimension of sustainability, there remains a strong need for further, in-depth research to enhance both theoretical understanding and the practical benefits for local, regional, and global communities.