Measuring IVHS impacts using computer spreadsheet programs

Intelligent vehicle highway systems (IVHS) are at work on San Jose's streets and freeways. Moving thousands of vehicles to and from the San Jose Arena, while minimizing impacts to businesses and residents has required the development of advanced traffic management strategies. State-of-the-art IVHS applications are being used to provide attendees with current traffic and parking conditions in order to facilitate and simplify the decision-making process as they travel to and from events. San Jose's Motorist Information System (MIS) is one of the most advanced systems of urban roadway traffic technologies being employed in the USA today. In addition to the efforts being made in moving motorists efficiently to and from events, San Jose is developing a program referred to as Emergency Vehicle Link (EV-Link). This application of IVHS technologies employs automated vehicle locating systems and traffic signal timing strategies to assist moving emergency vehicles swiftly and safely on city streets when responding to incidents. The City of San Jose and its staff are committed to developing a transportation system that utilizes the latest technologies that results in safe and efficient movement of people and goods on the roadways. Managing our facilities through enhanced technology allows us to meet our commitments in an environmentally sensitive way and helps to maximize utilization of our existing facilities.

Due to a world wide surge in the intelligent vehicle highway system (IVHS), the field of automatic vehicle identification (AVI) has been rapidly growing. The use of spread spectrum communications has not yet pervaded the AVI market. However, in the already cramped electromagnetic environment, spread spectrum techniques have gained significant popularity in many growing areas of wireless communication. AVI is perfectly suited to benefit. The fundamental advantage of spread spectrum technology in AVI applications is its invulnerability to interference and its ability to operate alongside narrow band communication systems already in place. The second advantage is the ease of licensing for spread spectrum AVI, since it does not require a dedicated frequency spectrum. It is also possible for several spread spectrum AVI systems to operate simultaneously in the vicinity of each other, using different spreading codes. This article concentrates on architecture as well as applied key signal processing techniques for a proposed direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) AVI system. A functional block diagram that outlines the major components of the system is presented. The system consists of three major functional parts: interrogator, transponder, and trigger. Free flow of traffic can be maintained only if the interrogator can isolate each vehicle in a common interrogation zone. DSSS allows this through code division multiple access (CDMA). The triggering system is based on the principles of speed enforcement radar. The proposed digital modulation scheme is BPSK. The DSSS modulator applies a Gold pseudo-random (PN) code to spread the spectrum of the binary signal. Despreading is carried out through the use of a PN matched filter. The antenna is assumed to have a 60/spl deg/ half-power radiation field and is placed on an existing overpass approximately 6 meters above the roadway. With 50 mW antenna transmit power, link budget analysis indicates that sufficient bit energy-to-noise power spectral density ratio is available at the receiver to generate an excellent bit error rate without requiring error control coding.

ADVANTAGE I-75 focuses on implementation of Intelligent Vehicle/Highway System (IVHS) technologies and on the processes whereby technological advancements are assimilated into the operational setting. ADVANTAGE I-75 represents a partnership of public and private interests in the I-75 corridor. Its goal is to reduce congestion, increase efficiency, and enhance safety of motorists and other users of I-75 and its connections into Canada through the application of advanced highway and vehicle technologies. Currently being considered as the inaugural project is an application of automatic vehicle identification (AVI) technology designed to facilitate motorcarrier operations by allowing transponder-equipped and properly documented trucks to travel any segment along the entire length of I-75 at mainline speeds with minimal stopping at enforcement stations.

The distribution characteristics of vehicle speeds on multilane highways approaching major and metropolitan cities, using a six-lane segment of the M-05 Kyiv – Odesa highway as a case study, are investigated in this paper. The research methodology is based on field observations employing frame-by-frame video analysis with an accuracy of 0.04 seconds, enabling precise identification of time headways between vehicles and calculating their instantaneous speeds. Both theoretical and empirical speed distribution curves were constructed. Typical speed ranges for different traffic lanes were identified, and the conformity of the observed data to the normal distribution law was statistically verified. The research identified several key analytical directions in the study of vehicle speed distribution on multilane highways. Specifically, the investigation focused on assessing the conformity of empirical data to the normal distribution model, establishing characteristic speed ranges by vehicle type, and evaluating the influence of traffic volume and traffic flow composition on speed parameters. The authors also examined the spatiotemporal structure of traffic flow, including the daily distribution of traffic volumes, lane-by-lane and directional variation, and empirical and theoretical speed distribution curves. Relationships among key traffic parameters – volume, density, and speed – were analyzed. A linear regression method was applied to describe the lane-wise distribution of vehicles, enabling the derivation of analytical dependencies N₁, N₂, and N₃ on total traffic volume N using the least squares method. The results showed that the speed distribution on the studied highway segment aligns well with the normal distribution, with observed deviations being random. The obtained 85th percentile speed (98 km/h) can serve as a reference for setting recommended speed limits, modeling roadway capacity, and developing intelligent traffic management systems components.

Implementation of Advanced Technology in Post-Socialist Countries

Nowadays, the number of medicines manufactured using advanced technologies such as biotechnology, nanotechnology, and 3D printing is increasing along with the accelerated pace of technological change. Evaluating high technology medicines from the perspective of community pharmacists is important for the quality of the pharmacy practice. The aim is to analyze the knowledge, attitude, and behavior of community pharmacists regarding advanced technology medicines and to examine the social and ethical aspects from the pharmacist’s perspective. A face-to-face cross-sectional survey was conducted with each of the 879 community pharmacists in Istanbul using a stratified sampling method. In this context, the gaps in pharmacists’ knowledge of high technology medicines were determined. It has been found that the pharmacists’ level of knowledge and willingness to learn new technologies differs according to the current education levels of the pharmacists and diversity in patient profiles. The pharmacists should close the knowledge gaps and update their information about medicines that are manufactured via the implementation of advanced technologies. The more pharmacists adapt to technology, the better guidance they can offer to society. This will also ensure that communication between the pharmacist and the patient to be built on trust, and significantly improve pharmacy practice.

The virtual 4th International Conference of Agroindustry and Bioeconomy (ICGAB) 2020 has been successfully held and the IOP Conference Proceeding Series: Earth and Environmental Science has been completed. This year ICGAB is special, it is the first virtual conference organised due to the Covid-19 global pandemic which hit us in early 2020. The conference was held virtually because of the travel restriction and social distancing policy of the Republic of Indonesia Government. In order to maintain an academic atmosphere and keep providing an academic forum for the students, academicians, researchers, and professionals despite the pandemic condition, the committee decided to hold the conference virtually.The current ICGAB 2020 is organised by the Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya (Malang, Indonesia) on the 25th of August 2020. The organiser collaborated with MSAE (Malaysian Society of Agriculture and Food Engineers), AUCFA (ASEAN Universities Consortium on Food and Agro-based Engineering & Technology), Forum Komunikasi Perguruan Tinggi Teknologi Pertanian Indonesia (FKPT-TPI), International Association of Agro-based Engineering and Technology (IAAET), and Advances in Food Science, Sustainable Agriculture and Agroindustrial Engineering (AFSSAAE) with the theme on “Emerging Technology and Integrated Information System for Sustainable Agroindustry”.This conference is aimed to communicate and disseminate research experiences, technology innovation, research and technology advances, as well as case studies related to sustainable agroindustry. This event provides a scientific platform enabling both local and international academia, researchers, policymakers, industry leaders, professionals, and other stakeholders to build networks, share ideas, and create research collaboration. The ICGAB 2020 is hopefully offering all participants to engage with the practices and/or implementation of advanced technology and information system to further develop the green economy in Indonesia through the creation of sustainable agroindustry.Since 2017, ICGAB has been successfully attracting more than 300 participants from different countries to each event. This year we proudly conducted the 4th ICGAB virtually. The conference consisted of the plenary and parallel sessions. The speakers and presenters came from six countries (Australia, Japan, South Korea, the Philippines, Malaysia and Indonesia). The virtual conference was held using the Zoom Meeting Platform. The conference organiser managed the conference from Malang, Indonesia, while the participants and speakers joined the conference virtually from their respective location in several cities in Indonesia and other countries (i.e. Malaysia, Philippines, Japan, Australia, and South Korea). The prominent resource persons invited as the keynote speakers were Rossana Marie Amongo, PhD (University of the Philippines Los Baños, Los Baños, the Phillipines), Ir. Mohd Fazly bin Mail P.Eng., M.I.E.M (Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute, Malaysia), Assoc. Prof. Grause Guido (Tohoku University, Japan), Assoc. Prof. Yasmin Sultanbawa (The University of Queensland, Australia), and Prof. Teti Estiasih (Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia).The parallel session of ICGAB 2020 was well attended with 13 (thirteen) topics covered; all presenters did an outstanding job of sharing their expertise and experiences, beneficial to support the creation of a circular economy in Indonesia. There 243 participants from 6 countries presented and discussed during the conferences. The parallel sessions were conducted in ten different Zoom conference rooms. Each room was led by a chairperson and co-chairperson. Each participant was given seven minutes to present the paper followed by a discussion session led by the chairperson. The parallel sessions run very well. The participants were actively engaged during the discussion sessions. The technical areas and applications covered by the proceedings, namely:1. Food Safety and Security2. Agricultural Engineering3. Agricultural Product Technology4. Agroindustrial Production System Management and Regulation5. Renewable Energy and Biorefinery6. Waste and Environmental Management7. Health, Nutrition and Medical Microbiology8. Industrial Biotechnology and Bioprocessing9. Food Microbiology10. Agro Forestry and Biodiversity11. Fisheries and Marine Resources Technology12. Animal Welfare and Technology13. Bioeconomy and BiobusinessDespite some minor limitations, thanks to the support of innovation and advancement of virtual technologies, it was possible for us to hold the conference on time and excellently.Among the presented papers, 191 manuscripts have been gone through the peer review process and 152 manuscripts have been accepted to be included in this IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science ICGAB 2020 Proceeding. Acknowledgment is due to all participants, reviewers, editors, committees and all who contributed to this event. We hope that this conference proceeding could contribute to the advancement of agricultural technology in the world. We also hope to see you at the 5th ICGAB 2021!CONFERENCE COMMITTEE, Scientific Committee, Steering Committee, Editors, ORGANIZER, SPONSOR and this titles are available in this pdf.

Abstract. Nowadays, there are many methods and techniques for the documentation and the restoration of historic structures and historical artifacts that are commonly used due to their completeness, accuracy and fastness. The use of advanced 3D measurement technologies, by either using terrestrial or aerial means of acquiring digital data, has become an efficient and reliable documentation tool. Within this context, this study focuses on combining terrestrial laser scanning, unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry, close-range photogrammetry and topographic surveying, and comparing the associated digital data for archaeological fieldwork documentation. The data collected during the Thessaloniki Toumba Excavation (Greece) provided accurate digital surface models and photo-realistic three-dimensional outputs of archaeological trenches. The data elaboration enabled new inferences and knowledge to be gained through the implementation of advanced technologies in heritage documentation.

Purpose The objective of this article is to fill the gaps in understanding the impact of the emergence of Industry 4.0 on technology services companies. It discusses the barriers, challenges, innovations and management types that influence the implementation of these advanced technologies in the technology services sector. The article also develops a structured theoretical framework and conducts a systematic review of the literature on the proposed subject. Design/methodology/approach We started by developing a theoretical approach to guide the analysis; then, we divided the study into three phases: planning, execution and reporting. Using search terms and the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we selected 24 articles from the main academic databases. These articles were reviewed in detail to provide comprehensive understanding of the challenges and opportunities resulting from the implementation of these technologies in the technology services sector, as shown in a framework at the end. Findings The study uncovers an interdependent triad driving the implementation of Industry 4.0 in the technology services sector: technological innovation, technology services management and people management. This triad involves the companies' technical capacity to implement advanced technologies, proving to be essential in optimizing operations and developing new business models. The implementation of Industry 4.0 also brings important challenges, such as resistance to change, cost control and interoperability. Conversely, effective technology management involves partners that bring opportunities for value creation and innovation; and cybersecurity can reduce problems, ensuring the safety of companies and customers. Research limitations/implications Despite providing valuable insights into the implementation of Industry 4.0 in technology services, this study has some limitations, including the lack of practical research and specific regional perspectives, which may affect the generalization of results. Future research should use varied sources and methods for a deeper understanding of these processes. Also, this research provides a basis for future studies approaching the transition from supply chain 4.0 to supply chain 5.0 in the technology services sector. Practical implications Investing in infrastructure and staff training is essential to support the implementation of advanced technologies, and addressing barriers such as resistance to change and cybersecurity is fundamental. Also, ethical issues should be valued within the organizational culture. These implications help companies meet the challenges and seize the opportunities presented by Industry 4.0. Originality/value The study highlights the interdependence between technological innovation, technology services management and people management, which promotes an effective transition to Industry 4.0 in the technology services sector. In addition, it provides valuable insights for researchers and professionals interested in this area.

The planning process for roadway construction involves a large amount of information on design, construction methods, quantities, unit costs, production rates, and site conditions. Therefore, it is very important to acquire, manage, and process the necessary information efficiently to produce a rigorous construction plan. The geographic information system (GIS) is a very effective tool for integrating and managing various types of information, including spatial and nonspatial data, required for roadway construction planning. This paper proposes a GIS-based system for improving roadway construction planning with its "interactive space scheduling" and "operation level planning" functions, which are supported by the integration of various data required for planning. The proposed system can assist construction planners in a unique way by integrating design and construction information and creating modularized design elements for space scheduling in real time using its interactive space scheduling function. In addition, operation level planning on earthwork can be conducted via the ability of the system to analyze haul routes in three dimensions and selecting the best equipment combination. It is expected that the proposed system could improve the efficiency of roadway construction planning.Key words: geographic information system (GIS), roadway construction planning, information integration, space scheduling.

This experiment examined the effect of destruction of the ascending 5-hydroxytryptaminergic (5HTergic) pathways on performance in a free-operant timing schedule. Rats received either injections of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine into the dorsal and median raphe nuclei or sham lesions. They were trained to press levers for a sucrose reinforcer. Training sessions consisted of 40, 50-s trials in which reinforcers were available on a variable-interval 25-s schedule; in the first 25 s of each trial, reinforcers were only available for responses on lever A, whereas in the last 25 s reinforcers were available only for responses on lever B. Data were collected from probe trials (four per session) in which no reinforcers were delivered, during the last ten of 50 training sessions. Both groups showed decreasing response rates on lever A and increasing response rates on lever B as a function of time from the onset of the trial. Response rate on lever B, expressed as a percentage of overall response rate, could be described by a two-parameter logistic function; neither the indifference point (i.e. the time corresponding to 50% responding on lever B) nor the slope of the function different between the two groups. However, the lesioned group showed a higher rate of switching between response alternatives than the sham-lesioned group. The levels of 5HT and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid were reduced in the brains of the lesioned rats, but the levels of noradrenaline and dopamine were not significantly altered. The results confirm previous findings that behaviour in timing schedules is sensitive to destruction of the central 5HTergic pathways, and suggest that these pathways may contribute to the inhibitory regulation of switching between behavioural states.

The limited funding available for roadway capacity expansion and the growing funding gap, in conjunction with the increasing congestion, creates a critical need for innovative lane use management options for Indiana. Various cost-effective lane use management strategies have been implemented in the US and worldwide to address these challenges. However, all the strategies have their own costs, operational characteristics, and additional requirements for field deployment. Hence there is a need for systematic simulation-based methodology to perform a comprehensive study to identify congested corridors and the specific set of lane use management strategies that are effective in Indiana. A systematic simulation-based methodology is proposed for evaluating lane use management strategies. A 10-mile stretch of the I-65 corridor south of downtown Indianapolis was selected as the study corridor using traffic analysis. The demand volumes for the study area were determined using subarea analysis. Its performance was evaluated using a microsimulation-based analysis in the context of alleviating congestion for three strategies: reversible lanes, high occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes and ramp metering. Furthermore, an economic evaluation of these strategies was performed to determine the financial feasibility of their implementation. Results from this analysis indicated that reversible lanes and the ramp metering strategies improved traffic conditions on the freeway in the major flow direction. Implementation of the HOV lane strategy resulted in improved traffic flow conditions on the HOV lanes but aggravated congestion on the general purpose (GP) lanes. The HOV lane strategy was found to be economically infeasible due to low HOV volume on these lanes. The reversible lane and ramp metering strategies were found to be economically feasible with positive net present values (NPV), with the NPV for the reversible lane strategy being the highest.

Purpose: Industrialization has led to centralized development, urbanization, migration and concentration of people in selected areas, that is, cities. The current model of development is not a sustainable one. While progress has been made through this model, it has also increased social inequalities, damaged health and caused irreversible depletion of the natural environment. The need of the hour is to create a new model of development to achieve sustainable development across rural and semi-urban regions. Objective: The objective of the new development model is to find out the relation between learning and innovation capability on the customer-based performance of a textile-based micro, small and medium enterprise (MSME). The research questions that will be answered are how rural women working in textile MSMEs can improve their learning and innovation capabilities? What is the impact of learning and innovation capabilities on the customer-based performance of the MSMEs? Methodology: The research method used for this study was based on primary data collected from the stakeholders of rural textile-based MSMEs and secondary data. Findings and Suggestions: The paper suggests that localized micro-factories enable people to stay close to their roots. The need of the hour is to train people with the required skill sets. The learning and innovation capability of the MSMEs reflects on their customer-based performance. The implementation of advanced technology will make localized micro-factories profitable. These technologies will provide services to citizens efficiently and equitably. The proposed smart cities will have to create more equitable and symbiotic relationships with the surrounding semi-urban and rural areas. The emphasis should be on learning new techniques of production using locally available resources. Once the new techniques have been learned, the company should be able to implement them innovatively to improve its customer experience.

BACKGROUND: As the COVID-pandemic has shown, the need for innovative (digitalized) solutions is in high demand across almost every field of interest. The implementation of advanced technologies in higher education provides an intriguing opportunity to expand its scope by reaching new audiences as well as ensuring a high quality of learning outcome. OBJECTIVE: In this article we tried to examine if virtual reality can be a suitable option by placing lectures into a virtual setup. METHODS: First, we explored the theoretical background if and how virtual reality has been adapted for usage in higher education. We then asked five lecturers from the IMC University of Applied Sciences Krems to test a virtual environment (Mozilla Hubs) and evaluate the platform for their teaching purposes. RESULTS: Among one of the results was, that 80 percent would recommend using the platform for lectures to their colleagues. Due to the small sample size the findings need to be further evaluated. CONCLUSIONS: In the foreseeable future virtual reality will become a valuable teaching assistance in higher education. Findings show that the response rate when training with virtual reality applications is much higher than to common studying methods.

Business models are evolving from selling products towards delivering outcome that may be measured as system performance, capacity, and availability. Novel business models may also include elements of sharing value. Machinery manufacturers and suppliers face a rapidly changing business environment and look for major growth in digital solutions, automation and services. The implementation of advanced technologies and business models call also for novel models of sharing risks and benefits. The literature review on advantages and disadvantages of various business models underlines the investment risk. Modelling of the cash flows of different business models provide examples for leveraging initial investments in assets when applying emerging technologies. The business partners also have to consider how their risk landscape changes and what are the preventable, strategy and external risks of the planned business model. The chosen business model poses requirements to the risk management process and highlights the importance of the collaboration and transparency. This paper focuses in the automation options in the transport sector and uses major port terminal as a case example, but the developed methods are applicable also in other capital intensive industries.