Mobile Content Adaptation

Internet access using mobile handheld devices has surpassed that of fixed Internet, but most web pages are designed for desktop browsers. Mobile devices have resource limitations. Consequently, web pages designed for desktop browsing cannot be well displayed on mobile devices. Thus, dynamically transforming web contents designed for desktops into contents which can be displayed in a mobile device is an important task. Various approaches of content adaptation have been proposed to achieve this goal, but no single content adaptation strategy has been found to be effective. On the other hand, e-learning contents have grown manifold over years. In this paper, we provide a framework for an e-learning content adaptation system that can be used with desktops and mobile devices seamlessly. We combine multiple content adaptation strategies to make e-learning contents appropriate for mobile devices. Among the various content adaptation strategies, the segmentation algorithm plays the most important role. Our experiments demonstrate that the proposed scheme can be successfully utilized for content adaptation in mobile and handheld devices.

Object. The purpose of the article is to analyze the impact of innovative trends in UI/UX design on the promotion of web resources, identify their relationship with user behavior metrics and SEO effectiveness, and outline the primary challenges and prospects for further development in this area. Methods and methodology. The study employs a comprehensive analysis of current UI/UX design trends, including micro-animations, dark mode, VR/AR technologies, adaptive and personalized content, and their effects on user experience and SEO factors. Special attention is given to methods integrating UI/UX principles with modern SEO strategies, specifically the SXO (Search Experience Optimization) approach. Scientific novelty. It consists in the systematization and comprehensive analysis of the relationship between innovative trends in UI/UX design and the effectiveness of web resource promotion from the standpoint of UX metrics and SEO. For the first time, attention is focused on the need for an integrated approach to implementing innovations, in particular by applying the SXO concept, which allows you to simultaneously satisfy the requirements of users and search engine algorithms. The results. The primary results include identifying key innovative UI/UX trends such as micro-interactions, adaptive content, immersive experiences (VR/AR), dark mode, and personalization. These trends significantly influence user experience by reducing bounce rates, increasing user engagement, and improving conversion rates. It has been proven that search engines increasingly factor user experience indicators into rankings, demonstrating the growing convergence of UX and SEO, culminating in the SXO (Search eXperience Optimization) concept. Essential implementation methods were systematized, highlighting user-centered design, A/B testing, prototyping, and the application of design systems. Conclusions. Innovations in UI/UX design are pivotal for the successful promotion of web resources in today's digital landscape. Effective implementation of UI/UX trends contributes not only to enhanced user experiences but also positively affects business outcomes, such as improved conversions, user retention, and SEO visibility. Future research directions include exploring deeper integrations of UX and SEO strategies, maximizing personalization and context-awareness, and developing standards and educational programs for evaluating and implementing effective UI/UX solutions.

The ability to retrieve device capabilities provides huge potential in enhancing contents to user. In this paper, we propose service-based content adaptation platform (SCAP) that adapts content for display on mobile devices. It serves the objectives to provide adaptive content to user without direct user input; to provide an enhanced user experience by offering value-added content and also to provide flexible and scalable service-based content delivery mechanism. This paper discusses the implementation modules which include service-based device information retrieval and content negotiation. Performance analysis, benchmarking comparison and caching for proposed platform are scheduled for the ongoing works.

In this paper, the authors present their proposal for adaptation of educational contents of learning objects to a particular mobile device and a specific learner. Content adaptation in mobile learning objects implies user adaptation and device adaptation, and requires additional metadata categories in comparison with SCORM 2004. This learning object content model, ALMA (A Learning content Model Adaptation), inherits from the SCORM standard a subset of metadata categories, and extends it with three top level metadata categories for content adaptation, i.e., Knowledge, Use, and Mobile Device Requirements (Castillo & Ayala, 2008). For user adaptation, the authors developed NORIKO (NOn-monotonic Reasoning for Intelligent Knowledge awareness and recommendations On the move), a belief system based on DLV, a programming system based on Answer Set Programming paradigm. For device adaptation the authors designed CARIME (Content Adapter of Resources In Mobile learning Environments), which uses transcoding and transrating to adapt media content to suit the device characteristics.

An empirical study on user experience evaluation of VR interface in digital museums

An end-use’s experience of any software is typically influenced by the interface presented by the application to the user. For Mixed Reality Environments such as Augmented and Virtual Reality, the user interface is highly visual, and a poor interface can significantly degrade the user experience. Adequate attention is required when designing or creating interfaces and user experience within Mixed Reality Environments as traditional interface design goals and specifications often need to be adjusted. Furthermore, for mixed reality environments on Mobile devices there are additional interface constraints and considerations that would considerably improve the user experience when properly addressed. This research paper discusses the evolution(s) of user interface(s) and user experience of Augmented and Virtual Reality applications on Mobile devices and contributes a framework for improving user interfaces and experience when using Mixed Reality Environments.

In this research article, we present the initial results of our case study on improving user experience (UX) in a fully online enrolment process at an e-learning university, the Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC). Our main conclusion is that an omnichannel approach is necessary for improving prospective students’ UX. To obtain our results, we made use of three different data sources, which allowed us to map a current and future customer journey. These sources were: (1) quantitative data on the main stages in the process at which prospective students drop out; (2) field diaries compiled by prospective students over the course of the enrolment process and a co-creation workshop with the same prospective students; and (3) the UOC’s perspective, gathered from workshops and interviews with University staff responsible for the enrolment process. Comparing the current journey with the ideal journey, we will demonstrate that significant improvements can be made to prospective students’ UX in online enrolment via an omnichannel approach. We discovered a need for improved channel coordination (e.g. information transfer between channels), greater availability and a wider range of channels (inbound and outbound, telephone vs. chatbot), personalization and adaptation of channel content according to the stage prospective students have reached in the process, and the ability to choose the channel that best meets their needs (chatbot for commonly asked questions vs. real people for more complex or specific queries). In view of our results, we would especially highlight technological and organizational changes as the next steps to take.

The latest growth of mobile technology has resulted in more users accessing network services via mobile devices, such as tablets or smartphones. Personalized look and content becomes more important. Mobile devices have different properties than desktop computers. Mobile devices do not have a large screen, convenient input-output devices, and have limited computing capabilities. Content adaptation is a common definition used for adaptation or customization of content transferred from the server via the HTTP protocol to the client. The research method is to adjust the content which will be transferred to the user based on the device resources i.e. the battery on the client side so that higher service quality will be achieved. In this study, researchers will conduct the development of content adaptation methods that consider the condition of battery resources on the devices. Battery resource estimation is done to determine the current condition of existing battery in accessing device. The appropriate content determination mechanism will be based on the value generated from the estimated resource of the battery on the device that has been done.

Library patrons are adopting mobile devices for personal and other uses. The ubiquity of mobile devices will lead to changes in how and where learning and education happens. Libraries have wanted to become ubiquitous by making resources and services available anywhere, anytime. Reference librarians can use mobile devices and applications to include services in mobile learning environments. Challenges to libraries include uncertainty about which technologies to adopt in a rapidly changing technology landscape, the cost of technology adoption, staffing for 24–7, diversity of needs and preferences among library patrons, and the need to offer stable, consistent services. The combination of mobile librarians, mobile patrons, and mobile content provides an opportunity to move closer to the ideal of the ubiquitous library. This article originally published in Journal of Library Administration, Vol. 51, Issue 3, pages 279–290, 2011. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01930826.2011.556942.

Content adaptation is an important technique for mobile devices. Existing content adaptation systems have been developed with specific adaptation goals. In this paper, we present an extensible content adaptation system, Xadaptor. We take a rule-based approach to facilitate extensible, systematic, and adaptive content adaptation. It integrates adaptation mechanisms for various content types and organizes them into the rule base. Rules are invoked based on the individual client information. We classify HTML page objects into structure, content, and pointer objects. Existing content adaptation techniques mainly focus on content objects and do not consider adaptation for structure and pointer objects. In Xadaptor, novel adaptation techniques for the structure object HTML table have been developed. We use fuzzy logic to model the adaptation quality and guide the adaptation decision. To demonstrate the feasibility of our approach, we have implemented a prototype system. Experimental studies show that Xadaptor is capable of on-the-fly content adaptation and is easily extensible

With the evolution of mobile devices and networks, and the growing trend of mobile Internet access, rich multi-player gaming using mobile devices, similar to PC-based Internet games, has tremendous potential and interest. However, the current client-server architecture for PC-based Internet games, where most of the storage and computational burden of the game lies with the client device, does not work with mobile devices, constraining mobile gaming to either downloadable, single player games, or very light non-interactive versions of the rich multi-player Internet games. In this article, we study a cloud server based mobile gaming approach, termed Cloud Mobile Gaming (CMG), where the burden of executing the gaming engine is put on cloud servers, and the mobile devices just communicate the users' gaming commands to the servers. We analyze the factors affecting the Quality of user Experience (QoE) using the CMG approach, including the game genres, video settings, the conditions of server and client, and the conditions of the wireless network. A Mobile Gaming User Experience (MGUE) model is developed and validated through controlled subjective testing. We also develop a prototype for in-service measuring MGUE, and then use it to characterize user experience achievable using the CMG approach in a mobile cellular network. The MGUE model developed and validated in this article will be helpful for researchers and service providers to develop and assess the performance of future cloud mobile gaming techniques and services.

Creating a digital Manga comic for mobile devices is chalenging because of the limitation of device's screen size and time consuming of the process. In this paper, we proposed an efficient method for automatically creating mobile content of digital Manga comic from scanned of printed digital comic by extracting comic frame, comic balloon and Japanese character within a Manga comic then recompose it a new mobile content using ComicXML to store comic frame content information. Experimental results on Manga content extraction have 81.6% accuracy of non-flat comic page frame extraction, 100% accuracy of comic balloon detection, and about 93.75% accuracy of Japanese character text extraction.

The applications of Augmented Reality (AR) in such mobile devices as phones and pads can enhance the users' experiences both in virtual and real world. In this paper the design and implementation of a Multiplayer Collaborative Training System (MCTS) is presented. It is a combination of virtual and physical reality, which builds virtual worlds with changeable scenes, brings authentic user experience and records process for analyzing and evaluation. Players are trained in a closed environment, which is composed of projectors, multimedia devices and physical scene. The application of mobile AR device guides the entire training process, and users make effective interaction with mobile devices to start and finish training mission. In the proposed system five innovative methods are implemented to improve interaction quality. An experiment case is devised with a series of tasks and conundrums for players, experimental results show that the MCTS can contribute more effective educations on team consciousness through the use of mobile AR technology and multimodal interaction to integrate virtual and real experience.

Mobile devices with limited resources are prevalent as they have a relatively low price. Providing a good user experience with limited resources has been a big challenge. This paper found that foreground applications are often unexpectedly interfered by background applications' memory activities. Improving user experience on resource-limited mobile devices calls for a strong collaboration between memory and process management. This paper proposes a framework, Ice, to optimize the user experience on resource-limited mobile devices. With Ice, processes that will cause frequent refaults in the background are identified and frozen accordingly. The frozen application will be thawed when memory condition allows. Evaluation of resource-limited mobile devices demonstrates that the user experience is effectively improved with Ice. Specifically, Ice boosts the frame rate by 1.57x on average over the state-of-the-art.

Energy conservation in battery powered mobile devices that perform wireless multimedia streaming has been a significant research problem since last decade. This is because these mobile devices consume a lot of power while receiving, decoding and ultimately, presenting the multimedia content. What makes things worse is the fact that battery technologies have not evolved enough to keep up with the rapid advancement of mobile devices. This survey examines solutions that have been proposed during the last few years, to improve the energy efficiency of wireless multimedia streaming in mobile hand-held devices. We categorize the research work according to different layers of the Internet protocol stack they utilize. Then, we again regroup these studies based on different traffic scheduling and multimedia content adaptation mechanisms. The traffic scheduling category contains those solutions that optimize the wireless receiving energy without changing the actual multimedia content. The second category on the other hand, specifically modifies the content, in order to reduce the energy consumed by the wireless receiver and to decode and view the content. We compare them and provide evidence of the fact that some of these tactics already exist in modern smaprtphones and provide energy savings with real measurements. In addition, we discuss some relevant literature on the complementary problem of energy-aware multimedia delivery from mobile devices and contrast with our target approaches for multimedia transmission to mobile devices.