Network Interconnectivity and Entry into Platform Markets

A dynamic model of the contract length and early termination: The roles of technology evolution and pricing strategy

Maritime transport of goods is incredibly important in in today's economy. It is one of the most cost-effective and efficient ways to transport large quantities of goods over long distances, particularly for international trade. Shipping accounts for approximately 90% of global trade by volume and 60% by value, making it a critical component of the global economy. Maritime cargo transportation is especially important for the transportation of bulk commodities, such as oil, gas, coal, and iron ore, necessary for industrial production. It is also crucial for the transportation of consumer goods such as electronics, clothing, and food, which are produced in one part of the world and consumed in another. The efficiency and cost-effectiveness of maritime freight transportation have been enhanced by advances in technology, including the development of larger and more efficient vessels, as well as improvements in port infrastructure and logistics management. These advancements have enabled sea freight transportation to become increasingly competitive with other modes of transport, such as air and road, especially for long-distance and large-volume shipments. Overall, maritime freight transport plays a vital role in today's global economy, supporting international trade, economic growth and the movement of goods between countries and continents. In recent years, maritime cargo logistics in Ukraine has undergone significant changes driven by a combination of government initiatives, private investment, technological advances, and macroeconomic factors. This article discusses current trends, problems and prospects for the development of Ukrainian and global maritime transport sectors, and provides recommendations for improving the efficiency of maritime transport and ports to accelerate economic development. One of the key drivers of this development was the modernization and expansion of Ukraine's seaport infrastructure. These improvements have enabled Ukrainian ports to handle larger volumes of cargo and manage the flow of goods more efficiently. In general, the development of maritime logistics in Ukraine continues, and there is potential for further growth and improvement even in wartime.

Транспортний сектор відіграє важливу роль у збалансованому економічному розвитку будь-якої країни, а також має значний вплив на національну інтеграцію у світовий економічний простір. У світі морські вантажні перевезення є одним із найважливіших видів міжнародної торгівлі та логістики. Україна має значний потенціал для розвитку морського транспорту, оскільки має доступ до Чорного та Азовського морів, а також до річок, які з'єднуються з Дніпром. У статті досліджено поточні тенденції, проблеми та перспективи розвитку українського та світового секторів морського транспортного господарства, а також подано рекомендації щодо покращення ефективності морського транспорту та портів з метою прискорення економічного розвитку. Навіть не зважаючи на вплив сучасних факторів зовнішнього середовища дана галузь здатна функціонувати та продовжувати свій розвиток.

(За) Облачная реальность

Time is not a static idea, but neither is the evolution of the media and design industries. Our creative tools and the media have seen a significant transformation in the last 20 years. Digital technology will shape the media and design industries in the future. Until the next major technological revolution, digitalization will have a lasting effect on the media and design industries. The development and liberation of many designers' ideas and perspectives thanks to modern digital processing technology for virtual reality has sparked an unprecedented “boom” in design. People's senses of sight, sound, and touch will be completely satisfied thanks to the incorporation of such technologies in the design process. A vast history and rich cultural heritage can be found in the field of font design. It has continuously played a crucial role in the advancement of science and technology. The creation of a new media short video typeface based on digital processing technology for virtual reality is suggested in this study. After mastering the font style, the new media short video font is extracted using virtual reality digital processing technology, and the identification system is built utilising virtual three-dimensional technology. The simulation test and analysis are done last. The proposed approach has an accuracy that is 9.34% greater than the conventional technique, according to simulation findings. This outcome demonstrates in detail how font design becomes more humanized when virtual reality digital processing technology is used. It demonstrates how people and information interact and genuinely stress the importance of human participation and dominance. Ethics and aesthetics are combined in font design. The fashion and aesthetic ideas of the new century are reflected in it like a mirror. As a result, font design is now being pursued in a new way, and its new application concept unquestionably has a significant impact on the design sector today.

The article examines the experience of using modern digital technologies to control and accurately assess the quality of students ' knowledge and skills. It is shown how digital technologies allow us to quickly implement high-quality pedagogical control and objectively assess with high accuracy the level of the student's knowledge, allowing us to conduct testing more efficiently and quickly, as they are able to automate the process of creating tests, evaluating them and reporting results. In addition, the positive side of the systematic control of knowledge based on the use of digital technologies is its objectivity, based on the realization of the possibilities of their informative functions, since they do not allow the teacher to influence the test results, and also allow to establish the accuracy of the answer. When performing this type of control, conditions are created under which the student is not afraid of the control procedure and does not try to invent new ways to increase the grade. Digital technologies allow the teacher to create individual training programs, which makes it possible to adjust testing to the needs of each student and create a personalized approach to the educational process. The teacher has the opportunity to objectively assess the real level of students' knowledge and their compliance with the declared competencies. Digital tests can be taken at any time and from any place, making the testing process convenient and accessible for students. The use of digital technologies to monitor knowledge can be motivating for students, as it allows them to participate more actively in the learning process and increase their achievements.
 The text of the article briefly describes the need for digital technologies in education, types and applications of control and diagnostic systems and online services, justified expediency and advantages of digital testing technologies, as well as examples of modern services and programs for creating tests. It is also noted that digital technologies make it possible to save test results and obtain statistics on student answers, which allows for a more objective analysis of the level of knowledge. The use of digital technologies also makes it possible to increase the efficiency of knowledge control and reduce time spent on preparing tests and evaluating results.

China and the United States host the world's largest digital platforms. Platforms are multisided markets that facilitate value‐creating exchanges among users, such as social media, e‐commerce, software QJ;application downloads, search, email, and cloud services. Internet access and the purely digital nature of many of the products and services make digital platforms potentially global in scope. This means that the rules and restrictions governing the flow of capital and information services among national markets strongly influence the economic and social potential of digital platforms. The paper conducts a sequential analysis of the rise of barriers to the United States–China trade in ICT and digital platform markets from 2000 to 2021. We find that China's thriving platform economy was relatively open, competitive and market‐driven in its early stages, and benefited from U.S. capital and the entry of U.S. firms. Since 2009, both countries have progressively restricted access to each other's domestic information services markets. In both cases, the primary stated rationale involved national security claims rather than trade policy concerns. Drawing on International Political Economy theory, we label the United States–China interaction pattern digital neo‐mercantilism. Digital neo‐mercantilism fuses the power and security of the national state with economic development in the digital economy. Policymakers represent information flows and digital technologies in domestic policy discourse as critical to the security and relative power of the state, and pursue various forms of industrial policy, data localization, trade protectionism, or exclusion of foreigners as a result. Both the United States and China are following this policy.

Digital Technology Use in US Community-Dwelling Seniors With and Without Homebound Status

This research explores the relationship between digital technology and human resource practices, analyzing contemporary research conducted between 2016 and December 31, 2023. The systematic literature review adheres to fundamental review principles and identifies various studies conducted across various nations on the conceptual application of digital technology in human resource practices. This paper emphasizes the importance of understanding digital technology and human resource practices for all organizational levels, aiming to help professionals build and implement these practices for stronger competitive advantages in the digital technological era. Many methodological (exclusive search) constraints exist in this review, which may limit how well it can be used with additional case studies. Digital technology and human resource practices are essential parts of developing digital and advanced technologies relevant to human resource practices in many aspects. This systematic literature review analysed the relationship between digital technology and human resource practices, demonstrating their interconnectedness through a comprehensive review of research in this field. Both concepts of digital technology and human resource practices linkage was not more focused before. A full understanding of the current state of digital technology and research conceptualization for human resource practices on a single platform through developing a thorough technological concept in human resource practices.

The Internet and the digital applications are now part of our daily lives. Digital technologies have become essential to work, to learn, to socialize, to be able to access various products and services (for business, for entertainment, for cultural tourism, for education, for health, etc.). The evolution of new technologies has generated significant changes in all fields, which has led to an increasing awareness of the importance of the role that technological progress has in today's economy. Similarly, technological developments have opened up new possibilities for the digitization of cultural heritage, especially for the purpose of its conservation, restoration, research, but also for the purpose of expanding the online access and for its reuse by tourists. In response to the current digital challenge, this article aims to debate the issue of the use of digital technologies in cultural tourism (at European and national level), by presenting and analyzing some recent statistics in this field. At the same time, the ways in which digital tools can contribute or not to the development of cultural heritage will be researched, in order to identify the advantages and disadvantages that may arise from the online exposure of cultural resources. In this way, the data presented will capture both the positive characteristics, but will highlight, at the same time, the existing vulnerabilities and risks, in order to be able to evaluate the consequences of technological progress in the field of cultural tourism.

Determining sources of voltage unbalance (VU) and quantifying their individual contributions in an interconnected network is a complex task due to multiple interactions that take place between them. Post-connection VU emission assessment techniques in relation to customer installations are important not only in compliance assessment according to IEC/TR 61000-3-13:2008 Limits - Assessment of emission limits for the connection of unbalanced installations to MV, HV and EHV power systems, but also in determining the various emission contributors in the power system being considered. This paper presents a case study on the application of a recently developed post-connection VU emission assessment methodology to a 66 kV interconnected sub-transmission network owned and operated by an Australian network service provider. The study incorporates the evaluation of constituent components of the resultant VU factors at busbar levels, identification of the dominant emission contributors and a methodology for ranking of the emission contributions made by the asymmetrical transmission lines in the network. Outcomes obtained through the VU emission assessment methodology are validated using three-phase, unbalanced load flow analysis.

The article is devoted to issues of the digital economy, which is its own trend in modern economics and management. The path to the digital economy is through the internal market of production, use and consumption of information, communication and digital technologies. The digital economy is based on information and communication and digital technologies, the rapid development and spread of which already affect the traditional (physical-analog) economy today, transforming it from one that consumes resources to one that creates resources. It is data that is the key resource of the digital economy, it is generated and provides electronic communication interaction due to the functioning of electronic and digital devices, means and systems.
 It has been proven that the digital economy is mediated by digitization, which means saturating the physical world with electronic-digital devices, means, systems and establishing electronic- communication exchange between them, which in fact provides an integral interaction of the virtual and physical, that is, creates a cyber-physical space.
 The provisions of the Concept of Development of the Digital Economy and Society of Ukraine in the area of healthcare and medicine are analyzed. Supported the position that an element of the development of digital medicine is the introduction of a telesystem for providing remote medical services to citizens and supporting the work of doctors, especially in rural areas.
 The concept «health care» is considered through the prism of a system of measures aimed at preserving and restoring physiological and psychological functions, optimal working capacity and social activity of a person with maximum biological provision of the individual length of his life.
 The set of such concepts as «electronic health care system» and «electronic health care» are considered.
 It is argued that the budgetary financing of the health care sector should take into account expenses for the purchase of equipment, software, technical support, etc. Part of the relevant expenses can be covered not by the expense of budget funds, but by the expense of various types of grants, fundraising funds.

Agricultural production in India is highly vulnerable to climate change. Transformational change to farming systems is required to cope with this changing climate to maintain food security, and ensure farming to remain economically viable. The south Asian rice-fallow systems occupying 22.3 million ha with about 88% in India, mostly (82%) concentrated in the eastern states, are under threat. These systems currently provide economic and food security for about 11 million people, but only achieve 50% of their yield potential. Improvement in productivity is possible through efficient utilization of these fallow lands. The relatively low production occurs because of sub-optimal water and nutrient management strategies. HHaJathrough Historically, the Agro-met advisory service has assisted farmers and disseminated information at a district-level for all the states. In some instances, Agro-met delivers advice at the block level also, but in general, farmers use to follow the district level advice and develop an appropriate management plan like land preparation, sowing, irrigation timing, harvesting etc. The advisories are generated through the District Agrometeorology Unit (DAMU) and Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK) network, that consider medium-range weather forecast. Unfortunately, these forecasts advisories are general and broad in nature for a given district and do not scale down to the individual field or farm. Farmers must make complex crop management decisions with limited or generalised information. The lack of fine scale information creates uncertainty for farmers, who then develop risk-averse management strategies that reduce productivity. It is unrealistic to expect the Agro-met advisory service to deliver bespoke information to every farmer and to every field simply with the help of Kilometre-scale weather forecast. New technologies must be embraced to address the emerging crises in food security and economic prosperity. Despite these problems, Agro-met has been successful. New digital technologies have emerged though, and these digital technologies should become part of the Agro-met arsenal to deliver valuable information directly to the farmers at the field scale. The Agro-met service is poised to embrace and deliver new interventions through technology cross-sections such as satellite remote sensing, drone-based survey, mobile based data collection systems, IoT based sensors, using insights derived from a hybridisation of crop and AIML (Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning) models. These technological advancements will generate fine-scale static and dynamic Agro-met information on cultivated lands, that can be delivered through Application Programming Interface (APIs) and farmers facing applications. We believe investment in this technology, that delivers information directly to the farmers, can reverse the yield gap, and address the negative impacts of a changing climate.

The term “Digital Photography” has been a relatively new research topic in the field of computer-mediated technology. Although Digital Photography emerged thirty years ago, continuous developments and upgradations are being recorded frequently. Advanced technologies like Digital Technology transformed all the technology into digital mode. The field of photography underwent several developments in terms of camera quality, image quality, image clarity, image transfer, image storage, and other sensitive surfaces. Most of the studies confirmed that digital photography permitted the photographer to record videos at high resolutions. All the developments in the field of Digital Photography have largely contributed to the concept of modern photography and enabled the photographers to produce high-quality images. It also helped photographers enhance their photography skills and accomplish their tasks. All the transformations in the field of Digital Technology happened at a pace, and it was extremely difficult. Therefore, the current paper sheds light on the developmental stages of digital photography. It also highlights the significance of digital photography technology in the era of big data.

Advances in technological development are ever increasing at all times; consequently, a rapid increase and changes in digital technology have revolutionized healthcare delivery globally. Digital technologies, which are electronic tools, systems, devices, and resources that generate, store or process data, are known to have impacted health care. They have simplified access to health, lower cost of diagnosis and treatments, and improved communication between doctors and patients in the areas of electronic health (eHealth), storage of and access to medical information and data, generating and storing of big data, improving lines of communication between patients and their doctors, electronic health records (EHRs), telemedicine and telehealth, mobile health (mHealth), online learning (eLearning), health applications, and drones. Following the COVID-19 pandemic, the digital health transformation has increased by leap and bound and would likely play a vital role in fighting current and future pandemics by enabling fundamental shifts in medical care, both during the pandemic and in the aftermath. Despite the gains from digital innovation in health care, they did not come without challenges, which are likely to be more with future advancements in digital technology and health. Virtually all technological tools in health care are associated with challenges, limitations or drawbacks. Notable areas of challenges are related to societal problems, ethical issues, connected health solutions, artificial intelligence, and genomics in precision medicine. The challenges are currently being addressed through digital health research, which, hopefully, would proffer lasting solutions.