Non-isolated single phase UPS based on step-up converters

Synchronously launching lots of projectiles to form barrage against missile is necessary in some occasions . This paper presents four new concept of electromagnetic rail launchers volleying projectiles powered by single high-power pulsed power supply, named respectively as multi-barrel parallel, common armature, multi-barrel serial, armature serial. This paper gives their work principles, equivalent circuits for analysis in theory, basic equations, and compares them with each other. At last it is indicated that these inventions are significant and valuable for the development of electromagnetic launch technology and science, and they have a lot of potential applications.

The article explains the single stage AC-DC switched mode isolated constant voltage four outputs product design approach. It works on primary sensing though magnetics and soft switching. The input voltage can change from extended universal input voltage range from 85V to 300V AC. The output voltage and current of outputs are 24V/1A, 12V/1A, 5V/0.5A, 3.3V/0.33A. The overall power output is up to 40W. The primary sensing helps low overall cost and circuit complexity. The input low voltage protection as well as overload protection is inbuilt in this powerful converter. The overall efficiency is more than 85% and power factor more than 0.95 at nominal input and full load. This power supply can be used for multi-output constant voltage requirement of electric vehicles, relay operations, constant voltage LED and other consumer electronics.

This paper presents a study of compact multiple-output switched-capacitor voltage regulators (MOSCVRs). Two methods to produce multiple outputs with an SCVR and their effects on performance – power efficiency and cross-regulation, are examined with output impedance analysis. Moreover, to help a circuit designer to implement a compact MOSCVR, a design method to determine the number of outputs and their conversion ratios is also proposed in this work. To verify this method, we demonstrate the design of an example compact MOSCVR. The MOSCVR is capable of simultaneously producing four different output voltages from a single input power supply with only two flying capacitors and twelve switches. The study presented in this work provides not only comprehensive insight but also guidance to find the suitable topology of a compact MOSCVR.

In this paper a novel high step-up multilevel boost converter using double voltage-lift switched-inductor (D-VLSI) cell is proposed. Series connection of conventional DC-DC boost converter is not a proper solution to achieve high voltage gain. Thus, DC-DC multilevel converters are employed to achieve high voltage gain. The proposed high step-up multilevel boost converter is a combination of double voltage-lift switched-inductor (D-VLSI) cell and voltage multiplier cell. In this paper double voltage-lift switched-inductor (D-VLSI) cell is used to enhance the step-up capability of multilevel DC-DC converter. Two switches, 2N+3 diodes, 2N+1 capacitor and two inductors are required to design the proposed N-level high step-up multilevel boost converter topology. Proposed high step-up multilevel converter circuit can be designed by using low voltage rating devices because blocking voltage across each power devices is low. The main advantage of proposed converter circuit is high voltage is achieved without using transformer, coupled inductor and high duty cycle. The gain of proposed multilevel converter is depends upon the duty ratio and levels present in voltage multiplier cell. Proposed DC-DC converter is designed for unidirectional power transfer applications. The proposed high step-up multilevel converter has been designed for three levels with rated power 300W, output voltage is 324V, input supply voltage is 12V, and switching frequency is 50kHz. The proposed high step-up multilevel converter circuit is simulated in MATLAB/SEVIULINK.

This paper describes a variable output voltage, multi-phase switched capacitor step-up DC-DC converter with a digital voltage regulation scheme, implemented in CMOS VLSI technology. The number of conversion ratios generated using n flying capacitors is of the order of 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</sup> . A scheme for selection of switch is presented. Expressions for equivalent series resistance (Req), conduction, switching power loss and efficiency are obtained and compared with the cadence spectre simulation results. The step-up open loop converter circuit for one of the gain is described and analysed by varying the switching frequency. An open loop converter efficiency of about 78% is achieved with 4% bottom plate parasitic capacitance for a load current of 1 mA and input voltage of 0.6 V at 4 MHz of switching frequency for a gain of 4/3. The voltage regulation scheme for a desired output voltage is designed with a digital control circuit using inherent capacitive DAC which can interpolate through various gain configuration for n = 2 flying capacitor and is simulated in Cadence Analog-Mixed Signal Flow using 180nm CMOS technology. The layout design using MIM cap has been done and back annotation results are presented.

In this study, an extended Lyapunov-function-based control strategy that assures global asymptotic stability is proposed for single-phase UPS inverters. The Lyapunov function is formed from the energy stored in the inductor and capacitor due to the fact that the system states converge to the equilibrium point if the total energy is continuously dissipated. It is shown analytically that the classical Lyapunov-function-based control leads to a globally asymptotically stable system at the expense of steady-state errors in the output voltage, which exist due to the lack of outer voltage loop in the control input. Therefore, an extended Lyapunov-function-based control strategy is proposed, which eliminates the steady-state error without destroying the global stability of the closed-loop system. The steady state and dynamic performance of the proposed control strategy has been tested by simulations and experiments under resistive and diode bridge rectifier loads. The results obtained from a 1-kW inverter demonstrate that the developed control strategy not only offers global stability, but also leads to good quality sinusoidal voltage with a reasonably low THD, almost zero steady-state error in the output voltage, and fast dynamic response under linear and nonlinear loads.

The relevance The methods of functional integration of discrete electrical and electromagnetic components allow increasing the reliability and efficiency of electrical energy conversion systems, reducing their weight and dimensions. The authors proposed a circuit solution based on the replacement of some individual discrete components of a DC boost converter with a multifunctional integrated electromagnetic component (MIEС). The component performs the functions of an inductor and a filter capacitor. Aim of research This article discusses the investigation of a DC voltage booster converter based on a multifunctional integrated electromagnetic component. The main task is to investigate a DC voltage booster converter based on a multifunctional integrated electromagnetic component. Research methods In this study, the following methods were used: the study of scientific literature and computer simulation in the Matlab environment. Results A computer model of a step-up DC voltage converter based on MIEС in the Circuit Simulator software package has been developed. Graphs of the output voltage are obtained. The circuits of step-up DC voltage converters are analyzed. A circuit of a DC voltage boost converter based on MIEС has been assembled. Output voltage waveforms were taken. An analysis of the computer model and laboratory test sample was carried out. A set of works has been completed to improve the output characteristics of a step-up converter based on MIEС. The optimal scheme has been chosen to implement the replacement of the inductor and filter capacitor with a multifunctional integrated electromagnetic component. Conducted laboratory studies confirmed the operability of MIEС as a replacement for individual discrete components of the DC voltage boost converter circuit. The optimal mode of operation of the boost converter based on MIEС is determined, which makes it possible to expand the output voltage range and reduce ripples. Expansion of the output voltage range is feasible due to the near-resonant or resonant mode of operation of the converter, which is feasible due to the MIEС structure, which is a resonant LC circuit.

Off-grid systems based on Solar Photovoltaic (PV) source have emerged as a promising solution for electrification in grid in-extensible areas. Major design challenges faced are requirement of: (a) operating PV at Maximum Power Point (MPP) to extract utmost possible power from the PV source, (b) protecting the battery damage due to over-charge and over-discharge, (c) converting the dc voltage obtained from PV side to requisite ac voltage with good efficiency, and (d) achieving the requisite voltage boosting operation in the system as using a low voltage battery and PV source is desirable for domestic application. As multiple requirements are to be met, majority of the previously worked-upon schemes for off-grid system required a minimum of three power converters involving several components leading to considerable system reliability and efficiency fall. A very few two-stage schemes are also proposed but they need higher component count clubbed to complex control. In an attempt to address this issue, a reduced component count off-gird system with only two stages, one bidirectional converter (BDC) and one dc-ac inverter followed by a step-up transformer is proffered. A suitable control strategy is also proposed. Matlab/Simulink platform is employed to validate the overall scheme, and relevant results are presented.

A PIN/JFET using an InP‐based material for receiving an optical signal at a wavelength of 1 μm has been developed. From a practical viewpoint, operation using a single power supply is desirable. In this study, an opto‐electric integrated circuit (OEIC) composed of a PIN/PD, JFET, feedback resistor, etc., was fabricated on a semi‐insulating substrate and then the characteristics of each component were evaluated. The pinchoff voltage and cutoff frequency of the JFET were 1.2 V and 900 MHz, respectively. The transimpedance in operation was 965 ft, which was almost the same as the feedback resistance. When the power supply voltage was 5 V, the 3‐dB cutoff frequency was 220 MHz, indicating that operation using a single power supply is feasible. The 1/f noise of JFET was 20 nV √Hz and the receiver sensitivity was −24.1 dBm. High reliability could be ensured by employing a 50‐hr THB screening test.

This study introduces an innovative disturbance observer to tackle external disturbances and model uncertainties, along with a control strategy based on Lyapunov functions, ensuring global asymptotic stability for a single-phase multilevel inverter for UPS applications. The stability analysis of the proposed method is presented, based on two theorems. The first Theorem guarantees presents a disturbance observer, provides a bounded estimation error for the unknown disturbance, in the single-phase UPS inverter (UPSI). The bounded estimation is then used in designing an observer-based robust controller in the second Theorem, which ensures the convergence of tracking error to a small neighborhood of the origin. The numerical and practical results indicate that the developed control scheme ensures global stability and leads to the desired sinusoidal voltage with an almost low THD. Meanwhile, almost zero steady-state error in the output voltage (OV), and robust dynamic performance under uncertainties and disturbances are attained.

High step-up gain Coupled Inductor Boost Converter (CIBC) discovers application in Distributed Generation System (DGS) to step-up voltage level of renewable energy sources. In DGS system, high step-up CIBC with a regulated output voltage and faster dynamic operation is required at various local loads. Transfer function of CIBC has one zero on Right Hand Plane (RHP). It is difficult to achieve high bandwidth when system has Non-Minimum Phase (NMP) characteristic. Peak Current Mode (PCM) control is the well-known technique to improve dynamic response in DC-DC converters. To design feedback controller and to analysis behaviour of CIBC, small signal model of CIBC is required. This paper presents small signal control-to-output voltage transfer function for PCM control of CIBC. Effect of artificial ramp is considered in derivation of this small signal model. A state space averaging method is used to derive small signal model. PI controller is designed using root locus technique. Time and frequency response of Voltage Mode Control (VMC) and PCM control of CIBC are compared. PCM control improves transient response and stability margin of CIBC for wide range of load variations. It also reduces effect of RHP zero. Simulation of CIBC using PCM control to get regulated output voltage is done in PSIM. Simulation results demonstrate that CIBC is able to get desire dynamic and steady state response of output voltage using PCM control under dynamic load conditions.

This paper presents an alternative of pulse width modulation flyboost converter to achieve a regulated high voltage high power direct current power supply. The proposed flyboost converter in this paper composed with a conventional boost converter and flyback converter, which generated energy from the boost inductor during an off time period. Thus the higher-gain converter can be achieved in the proposed flyboost converter by the summation of both output voltage, boost and flyback converter. The circuit configurations, basic principle operation, mathematics analysis, design consideration and testing results of the proposed high gain step-up flyboost converter were described in detail. Finally, the results of a 20–30V input, 100V 100W output switched at 150 kHz flyboost converter, which was designed in this paper, showed the effectiveness of the converter was 87.26% and 2.76% of voltage regulation respectively.

Recently, because of the pollution problems of the fossil fuels, demand of renewable energy sources is increased. Solar panels and fuel-cells generate low voltage, therefore high voltage gain dc-dc converters are needed to boost their low output voltage to meet the inverters required voltage. Z-source converter has several advantages such as high voltage gain, isolated energy source from the load side, clamped switch voltage and positive output voltage polarity, therefore it is a suitable choice for high step-up applications. This paper presents a non-isolated high step-up dc-dc converter which is the derivation of z-source converter and has a higher voltage gain in comparison to the conventional converters. This advantage makes this converter a suitable choice for photovoltaic applications. Moreover, high boost voltage is obtained with low duty cycle and the energy of leakage inductances is absorbed so the efficiency is increased. A 100 W laboratory prototype to convert 24–300 V is implemented to verify the theoretical and simulation results.

This paper presents high frequency interleave technique based on high step-up push-pull resonant converter modules. Which will reduce the ripple factor of the current input side. The proposed circuit received low voltage from the battery convert provide to high voltage. The power stage received of 12 Vdc from four switch (both push-pull resonant modules), which operated under zero current switching condition with the stable 111 kHz fix switching frequency. The both switched would work alternately, half time each. The obtained signal would have the feature of high-frequency square wave, and it would be transferred from the primary side of the high-frequency transformer with connected power switch (MOSFETs). After the energy was transferred to the secondary side, the matching resonant circuit functioning to build the resonance condition, to make the current from the wave form of sine signal, with the lulls' wave bridge rectifier functioned to convert the high-frequency AC voltage to high-voltage DC current again. From the experiment result, it was found that the output voltage would have the size 384,382 V and the circuit total efficiency was measured about to 92%, at the full load 245 and 244 Watt. In terms of interleave technique. The angle can be adjusted from 0-180 degrees. By adjusting the operating angle to 90 degrees it can be seen that the ripple factor is reduced to 10.94 percent at full load, which is reduced from 59.77 percent in the circuit presented, Confirmed by the experimental results There is a consistency between the analysis result and the calculation result.

A novel high step-up high efficiency DC-DC converter for photovoltaic energy conversion is presented in this paper. The proposed converter employs a coupled inductor and two voltage multiplier cells to achieve high step-up voltage gain. The operating principle and the steady-state analyses of voltage gain are described in detail. A 200 W prototype with 20-30 V input and 400 V output voltages is built to verify the analysis. The maximum efficiency of the prototype is nearly 97.7% and the efficiency is higher than 97% over a wide load range.