Open Disaggregated Optical Network Control with Network Management as Code

While dense wavelength division multiplexing equipment has been deployed in networks of major telecommunications carriers for over a decade, the capabilities of its networking and associated network control and management have not caught up to those of digital cross-connect systems and packet-switched counterparts in higher layer networks. We shed light on this situation by examining the current structure of the optical layer, its relationship to other network technology layers, and current network management and control implementations. We provide additional insight by explaining how a combination of business and technical perspectives has driven evolution of the optical layer. We conclude by exploring activities to close this gap in the future.

To accommodate big data, new technologies and features have started to be used in core network. Consequently, optical transport network has evolved towards Elastic Optical Network (EON). Despite the effort made towards efficient and reliable network management, interoperability problem in multi-vendor setting of the EON remains unsolved and it hinders the network management and monitoring. Hence, Network operators need to rely on the proprietary management solutions. This phenomenon poses complexity in network configuration, control, monitoring and management and also in turn results in higher Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) and Operational Expenditure (OPEX) for the service providers. In this paper, standard data definition model of network elements of EON is presented for configuration, management and monitoring purpose. Standard YANG data models for the network elements, namely, Reconfigurable Optical Add/drop Multiplexer (ROADM), Bandwidth Variable Transponder (BVT) and Optical amplifier (OA) are presented. The implementation scenario for the developed data definition models are demonstrated for managing state of the art EON. It is contended that the adoption of these standard YANG data models within the NETCONF protocol not only facilitates the network configuration and management, but also improves the multi-vendor interoperability in the control and management plane of the EON.

The 2nd IEEE Workshop on Autonomic Communications and Network Management (ACNM 2008, http://www.nw.neclab.eu/acnm08) was held in Salvador-Brazil, April 11, 2008 in conjunction with the IEEE/IFIP Network Operations & Management Symposium (NOMS 2008). It followed the success of the previous meeting, ACNM 2007 (http://www.nw.neclab.eu/acnm07), held in Munich together with the IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM 2007). The purpose of ACNM 2008 was to present and to discuss new theories, mechanisms, and applications of Autonomic Communication—a new paradigm for forthcoming networks—in the fixed as well as the mobile worlds. The focus of ACNM is on intelligent communication, network control and management paradigms based on smart network and service elements that are capable of automatically configuring and organizing themselves. Autonomic networks will be able to sense their environment to perceive changes, to understand the meaning of these changes, and to react in an intelligent manner

Optical networks are changing as new advanced technologies emerge. With each passing year, their sizes and capabilities expand. The standard architecture for network control and management cannot handle all of these complexities. The proliferation of cloud services and the massive volume of traffic provided by content delivery networks are driving the present fast increase in Internet traffic. This obviously exacerbates congestion concerns in communication networks, with a focus on the core and backbone components in particular. Software-defined networking (SDN) is evolving into a consolidated network management system that comprises a variety of strategies aiming at network management that are based primarily on one basic principle: decoupling control plane decisions from data plane activities. An essential resource allocation strategy in an all-optical network is routing and wavelength assignment. A novel SDN-based approach is proposed to address the problem of old methods mixed with new architecture in optical networks. The network resources were optimized for optimal scheduling using a binary hybrid topology particle swarm optimization method. In terms of recovery time, blockage rate, and resource consumption, simulation results demonstrate that the suggested technique outperforms previous classical methods.

In order to improve the efficiency and stability of Space-Terrestrial integrated network resource management and control, a multi-element multi-domain network management protocol (MMMP) is proposed. Based on MMMP, Space-Terrestrial integrated network management and control system (STi-NMCS) is designed. By abstracting network management objects, the efficiency of network management is greatly improved. Experiments are carried by comparing the overhead and the success rate of network management between MMMP, simple network management protocol(SNMP) and common management information protocol (CMIP). The results show that by using MMMP rather than SNMP as well as CMIP, the Space-Terrestrial integrated network management system archives high success rate and low management overhead.

This book presents an in-depth deliberation on optical networks in four parts, capturing the past, present, and ensuing developments in the field. Part I has two chapters presenting an overview of optical networks and the enabling technologies. Part II has three chapters dealing with the single-wavelength optical networks: optical LANs/MANs, optical access networks using passive optical network architecture, SONET/SDH, optical transport network and resilient packet ring. Part III consists of four chapters on WDM-based optical networks, including WDM-based local/metropolitan networks (LANs/MANs) using single and multihop architectures over passive-star couplers, WDM/TWDM access networks as an extension of PONs with WDM transmission, WDM metro ring networks covering circuit-switched (using point-to-point WDM and wavelength-routed transmission) plus packet-switched architectures and WDM long-haul backbone networks presenting the offline and online design methodologies using wavelength-routed transmission. Part IV deals with some selected topics in six chapters. The first deals with transmission impairments and power-consumption issues in optical networks, while the next three chapters deal with the survivable optical networks, network control and management techniques, including GMPLS, ASON, and SDN/SDON, and datacenter networks using electrical, optical, and hybrid switching techniques. The final two chapters present elastic optical networks using flexible grid for better utilization of the optical-fiber spectrum and optical packet and burst-switched networks. The three appendices present the basics of the linear programming techniques, noise processes encountered in the optical communication systems, and the fundamentals of queuing theory and its applications in telecommunication networks. (238 words)

Computer Network has increased and extended dramatically in size and complexity during the passed years. In a typical computer network, there are many nodes, which different from various manufacturers and device types, distributed in different physical position where network device needed. More complex network architecture more faced difficult in network management and control. As faults are inevitable, fast detection, position, identification, isolation and recovery are key fields in network management. In this paper, based on deeply study of the current Network Management System, GIS technology and multi years network management application development, an new network management model, i.e., GIS based Network Management System, is proposed and implemented. The new model can provide object-oriented network utilities management methods, implement quick network fault position on the electronic geography map, and give new useful tools for network fault management, make the current network more robust and reliable.

This paper is a survey on the optical fiber communication and optical networks. First, we show a historical perspective of optical fiber communication and the progress of optical networks. In addition, we give a rough classification of optical networks. Due to the development of optical fiber communication, the key technologies, such as photoelectron technology, optical transmission technology and optical switching technology, are also discussed. Then, we introduce the architecture and functions of Automatically Switched Optical Networks(ASON) as an example of intelligent optical networks. At last, a new concept of optical networks management and control, visual management and control, is described. An outlook on optical networks' future development can be seen in the paper as well.

Software‐defined networking (SDN) is a relatively new approach in network management that proposes to separate the network control (Control plane) and the forwarding process (Data plane) to optimize the network infrastructure and improve network performance, controllability, manageability and flexibility. However, like every technology, SDN has brought its own new challenges in terms of security and scalability which are very important aspects that should be considered to design and build a resilient architecture in order to meet carrier grade network requirements. In this paper, we propose a secure SDN architecture with IEEE 802.1X port‐based authentication where we also consider the controller's scalability issue by devolving the access control capability to the data plane. In this way, we reduce the high demand and the workload on the SDN controller. Our proposed model presents a novel SDN network architecture and logical network segmentation which provides an optimal and secure network access with low latency. We have implemented and tested our architecture to show its performance (authentication delays). Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Gradient algorithms are natural tools for on-line adaptive network control. They have the major advantage of relating directly to measurable cost/performance functions. Difficulties in using such algorithms arise primarily in their computational complexity, in the possibility of effectively distributing the computation accross the network, and in the time-response of the network to the controls. The purpose of this paper is to discuss these issues, and to present analytical and simulation results which point towards the potential benefit of gradient algorithms for future high speed -network management and control.

This paper addresses the management of photonic networks. It presents the first achievements of the ACTS-MEPHISTO project. The project's general objective is to extend the principles of network management (TMN) to generic all-optical networks, in which wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) will be implemented far transmission and routing. This includes the development of information models for optical networks and network elements, of management applications and test platforms to demonstrate fault, configuration and performance management of optical networks, and the promotion of the developed models within ACTS and standardisation bodies. The functional architecture and early information models for the management of optical networks and network elements are described.

Elastic optical networking (EON) has emerged in recent years as a promising solution for implementing flexible bandwidth channels (flexpaths) that efficiently match the allocated bandwidth with the traffic demand using agile granularities of spectrum allocation. However, the additional flexibility in such networks raises challenges in terms of efficient control and management of spectrum resources. Among them, three important issues are (1) mitigation of spectral fragmentation, (2) implementation of impairment awareness and enhancement of robustness against impairments for potentially large-bandwidth flexpaths, and (3) design of an efficient restoration scheme to combat network failures. This paper presents an adaptive spectrum control and management scheme, which includes: dynamic on-demand spectral defragmentation, adaptive combinational quality of transmission (QoT) restoration (ACQR) and supervisory channel-assisted active restoration, to account for the three issues above. We present scalable networking algorithms and experimental demonstrations that address these issues in an EON testbed. Simulation results show that the defragmentation technique is capable of reducing the provisioning blocking probability by half with only one defragmentation module on each link. Then, we also show that the ACQR can efficiently restore many degraded flexpaths on the same impaired link while reducing the restoration blocking probability by a factor of 10 compared with the conventional rerouting method. At last, we show via simulation the advantages of using supervisory channels to determine restoration path quality and selection in EON restorations. This paper also presents experimental demonstrations to corroborate the effectiveness and feasibility of implementing these capabilities in next generation optical networks.

Communication network is the infrastructure of intelligent substation in smart grid, and it plays a vital role in substation automation system (SAS). The traditional Ethernet network cannot fulfill the requirements of SAS, and these requirements consist of centralized network management and control, dynamic resource allocation flow. In this paper, Software Defined Network (SDN) is used to manage and control the communication network of SAS. Based on SDN and IEC61850, firstly, shortcoming of current SAS network management is illustrated. Then, some new features about SAS have been designed, such as realization principle, application technology, function modules and workflows of network management. Finally, simulation experiments are designed to verify network management function. The simulation results validate the effectiveness of dynamic and real-time supervision in SAS communication network.

The aviation Internet Protocol (IP) network will be comprised of manned and unmanned aircraft, ground infrastructure, air to ground access network service providers, Air Navigation Service Providers (ANSP), content provider networks, OEM networks, airline and operator networks and devices, and supporting infrastructure (includes PKI, mobility and management etc.). There will be a full range of applications and protocols that will adopt and exploit the aviation IP network. It is key to understand the security and performance characteristics of the aviation IP networks. Many of the applications, services and protocols that could drive deployment of Internet Protocol Suite (IPS) networking in aviation can only be developed if control and management planes of the network will be secure. Yet, to really understand these properties we need studies of the whole aviation IP network's control and management plane interfaces and sub interfaces protection and security, which are difficult to obtain. To date most studies have not been completed in this area, or the analyses have been conducted using unrealistic network mobility models. To address this issue, we present an extensive analysis of an aviation IP network control and management plane's security in the context of mobility generated by both air to ground and ground to ground systems. We combined control plane and management plane data security to address the aviation IP network security issues and explore the security provision mechanisms to protect aviation critical infrastructure. Hence, this analysis and security mechanisms are a more accurate representation of future aviation IP networks, since it reflects the realistic aviation network eco-system. We analyzed the network to identify and characterize the key properties starting from the characteristics of the aircraft movement and dependency on the IP network control and management plane's security framework. We then explored the security issus related to the IPS control and management planes and evaluated how the security issue impact the design space for deployment.

Chapter 3 - Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things, and Communication Networks