Pengembangan Aplikasi Kriptografi Modern Menggunakan Algoritma Simetris DES Berbasis Python

Limitations of storage sources is one option to switch to cloud storage. Confidentiality and security of data stored on the cloud is very important. To keep up the confidentiality and security of such data can be done one of them by using cryptography techniques. Data Encryption Standard (DES) is one of the block cipher algorithms used as standard symmetric encryption algorithm. This DES will produce 8 blocks of ciphers combined into one ciphertext, but the ciphertext are weak against brute force attacks. Therefore, the last 8 block cipher will be converted into 8 random images using Least Significant Bit (LSB) algorithm which later draws the result of cipher of DES algorithm to be merged into one.

The paper presents the continuity study from the previous work, which designing the graphical user interface (GUI) for a decision support system (DSS) of driving fatigue. As driving fatigue has been recognised as one of the significant contributory factors to road accidents and fatalities in Malaysia, the author developed the DSS that providing analysis, and proving solutions and recommendations to the road users. In other words, the DSS acts as the advisory and decision-maker tool. In designing the GUI for a DSS, the Django based on Python programming language was used by the authors. There are five main GUI that has been designed in this study: admin GUI user profile and driving information GUI, regression model GUI, risk factor analysis GUI and superuser GUI. Further testing and validation of the graphical user interface for the DSS are suggested before it is used commercially.

Software testing has become an important phase in software applications’ lifecycle. Graphical User Interface (GUI) components can be found in a large number of desktops and web applications and also in a wide variety of mobile devices. In the last years GUIs have become more and more complex and interactive, their testing process requiring an interaction with the GUI components, mainly by generating mouse, keyboard and touch events. Given their increased importance, GUIs verification for correctness contributes to the establishment of the correct functionality of the corresponding software application. The current research on GUI testing methodologies primarily focuses on automated testing. This paper presents EvoGUITest, a novel automated GUI testing framework based on evolutionary algorithms which tests the GUI independently from the application code itself. The framework is designed for testing GUIs of web applications. Results have been compared, based on specific metrics, with others existing frameworks.

Security in the wireless networks is the main factor when they are deployed in a harsh environment, and this is the crucial factor in the case of sensor networks. Cryptography has a significant role to achieve this in wireless sensor networks. Though there exist several cryptographic algorithms, but none of them provide desired results for security. In this paper, a new cryptographic technique has been developed that uses both symmetric and asymmetric methods. In the proposed algorithm, advanced encryption standard (AES), data encryption standard (DES), and modified Rivest–Shamir–Adleman (m-RSA) are used in different phases of the algorithm because symmetric techniques provide a high level of security and asymmetric ones provide easier key management. In phase 1 of an algorithm, AES has been used; in phase 2, DES has been used; and in the last phase, m-RSA has been used, and all three phases are executed in parallel. The proposed algorithm is compared with existing techniques in terms of total execution time and decryption time, and it has been analyzed that the proposed algorithm provides a better result as compared to the existing algorithm.

Graphical User Interface (GUI) provides a visual bridge between a software\napplication and end users, through which they can interact with each other.\nWith the development of technology and aesthetics, the visual effects of the\nGUI are more and more attracting. However, such GUI complexity posts a great\nchallenge to the GUI implementation. According to our pilot study of\ncrowdtesting bug reports, display issues such as text overlap, blurred screen,\nmissing image always occur during GUI rendering on different devices due to the\nsoftware or hardware compatibility. They negatively influence the app\nusability, resulting in poor user experience. To detect these issues, we\npropose a novel approach, OwlEye, based on deep learning for modelling visual\ninformation of the GUI screenshot. Therefore, OwlEye can detect GUIs with\ndisplay issues and also locate the detailed region of the issue in the given\nGUI for guiding developers to fix the bug. We manually construct a large-scale\nlabelled dataset with 4,470 GUI screenshots with UI display issues and develop\na heuristics-based data augmentation method for boosting the performance of our\nOwlEye. The evaluation demonstrates that our OwlEye can achieve 85% precision\nand 84% recall in detecting UI display issues, and 90% accuracy in localizing\nthese issues. We also evaluate OwlEye with popular Android apps on Google Play\nand F-droid, and successfully uncover 57 previously-undetected UI display\nissues with 26 of them being confirmed or fixed so far.\n

Graphical User Interface (GUI) provides a visual bridge between a software application and end users, through which they can interact with each other. With the upgrading of mobile devices and the development of aesthetics, the visual effects of the GUI are more and more attracting, and users pay more attention to the accessibility and usability of applications. However, such GUI complexity posts a great challenge to the GUI implementation. According to our pilot study of crowdtesting bug reports, display issues such as text overlap, component occlusion, missing image always occur during GUI rendering on different devices due to the software or hardware compatibility. They negatively influence the app usability, resulting in poor user experience. To detect these issues, we propose a fully automated approach, <monospace xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Nighthawk</monospace> , based on deep learning for modelling visual information of the GUI screenshot. <monospace xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Nighthawk</monospace> can detect GUIs with display issues and also locate the detailed region of the issue in the given GUI for guiding developers to fix the bug. At the same time, training the model needs a large amount of labeled buggy screenshots, which requires considerable manual effort to prepare them. We therefore propose a heuristic-based training data auto-generation method to automatically generate the labeled training data. The evaluation demonstrates that our <monospace xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Nighthawk</monospace> can achieve average 0.84 precision and 0.84 recall in detecting UI display issues, average 0.59 AP and 0.60 AR in localizing these issues. We also evaluate <monospace xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Nighthawk</monospace> with popular Android apps on Google Play and F-Droid, and successfully uncover 151 previously-undetected UI display issues with 75 of them being confirmed or fixed so far.

Data and information security either those to be sent through the communication network or those to be kept in a device has brought into attention of the user of this information and data. Information and data security is being kept by making the data and information are not able to be read or known by unauthorized users. This can be done by using the cryptography technique. There are many cryptography techniques has been created to meet the above purpose. This research dealt with a new method in symmetric cryptosystem to encrypt digital image data using genetic algorithm. This method uses some components of genetic algorithm, the crossover operation and mutation operation, crossover rate and mutation rate, and fitness function. The process includes creating the encryption and decryption process using the crossover and mutation process. The crossover process illustrates the transposition technique, while the mutation process illustrates the substitution technique. This cryptosystem is applied to the 8-bit grayscale image using 2 (two) keys, random seed and number of generation. The result of the research shows that cryptosystem using the genetic algorithm is possible to be applied to the digital image. With 7000 or more as number of generation, plain image is possible to be encrypted into unrecognized cipher image, and by measuring the similarity of the image based on the pixel (pixel based similarity), the result of decipher image is similar with the plain image. The keys of the random seed affect the durability of the result of encryption process, while the sum of the generation affects the randomization of the cipher image and the running time (the time needed for the process).

The scale of software on digital AV appliances that handle large‐volume multichannel digital data has been increased by the GUIs (graphical user interfaces) loaded on them in recent years. In addition, the GUIs of AV appliances use remote controls having cursor keys. Focus management must be performed by these to point to the object of operation, in contrast to the mouse, which is capable of pointing on the entire screen. Since focus management changes with changes in the specifications of GUIs, such as screen layouts and the like, software may not be reusable. In this paper, a development system that attempts to improve the productivity of GUI software requiring focus management is discussed from the points of view of (1) a software design model based on an object‐oriented MVC model, (2) an execution model with good efficiency corresponding to the design model, (3) development tools performing synthesis of GUI software and automatic generation of focus management procedures, and (4) applications and evaluations of the system. In an example of the application of the system, software productivity with a GUI specification change was improved by a factor of three. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 34(7): 99–107, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.10018

Data Encryption Standard (DES) is the most widely used symmetric-key algorithm for encryption algorithm. Different attacks like brute force and cryptanalysis attack can be used to break DES due to its small key size and simple and uniform distribution XOR operation. With the issues mentioned above, this paper proposes modification to enhance DES against these various attacks. The proposed enhancement used f-function by incorporating striding techniques instead of just performing the XOR operation between 56- bit sub key and the plaintext. The security against the known exhaustive attack and cryptanalysis attack was enhanced. The enhanced DES have been evaluated and compared against original DES using avalanche effect. Enhanced DES resulted to an average of avalanche effect of 55% due to one-bit vibration in plaintext.

With today's development and expansion of networks and internet-connected devices, information security is an issue of increasing concern. Confidentiality is one of the focuses in network security for digital communication systems, where large data blocks go through a cryptographic algorithm with a cipher key that increases the security and complexity of the output ciphertext. For the past several years, multiple security algorithms have been developed and utilized in the data encryption process, such as the Data Encryption Standard (DES), Triple Data Encryption Standard (3DES), and the current one, designated by the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). AES is a symmetric encryption algorithm that has a minimum input data block size of 128-bits which undergo a series of permutations, substitutions, and digital logic operations over several rounds. Encryption algorithms are always improving on ciphertext complexity, required hardware storage allocation, and execution time. Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA's) are a hardware alternative for encryption algorithm implementation because, although the logic units in it are fixed, the functions and interconnections between them are based on the user's design which allow for improvement. The research presented focuses on the development and analysis of an efficient AES-128 Mix Columns algorithm implementation, utilized in the data block encryption rounds, on an Altera Cyclone IV FPGA using the Intel Quartus II software and Verilog Hardware Description Language.

In this paper, a Graphical User Interface (GUI) is designed and developed using Python programming language for detection of forest fires at early stages, which is efficient, cost-effective, flexible, secure and uses open-source technologies. The user-friendly Graphical User Interface is interfaced directly with the computer port to fetch the data with the help of Python modules, performs an analysis on the data and predict whether there is a situation of fire or not and displays the status on the Graphical User Interface. Data is also stored in an Excel file for further analysis. The possibility to detect forest fire situation at its early stages makes this GUI a valuable software in environmental disasters and research applications. Numerical results along with future work have been discussed in this paper.

System testing of software applications with a graphical-user interface (GUI) front-end requires that sequences of GUI events, that sample the application’s input space, be generated and executed as test cases on the GUI. However, the context-sensitive behavior of the GUI of most of today’s non-trivial software applications makes it practically impossible to fully determine the software’s input space. Consequently, GUI testers—both automated and manual—working with undetermined input spaces are, in some sense, blindly navigating the GUI, unknowingly missing allowable event sequences, and failing to realize that the GUI implementation may allow the execution of some disallowed sequences. In this paper, we develop a new paradigm for GUI testing, one that we call Observe-Model-Exercise* (OME*) to tackle the challenges of testing context-sensitive GUIs with undetermined input spaces. Starting with an incomplete model of the GUI’s input space, a set of coverage elements to test, and test cases, OME* iteratively observes the existence of new events during execution of the test cases, expands the model of the GUI’s input space, computes new coverage elements, and obtains new test cases to exercise the new elements. Our experiment with 8 open-source software subjects, more than 500,000 test cases running for almost 1,100 machine-days, shows that OME* is able to expand the test space on average by 464.11 percent; it detected 34 faults that had never been detected before.

Data security is the focus of information security. As a primary method, file encryption is adopted for ensuring data security. Encryption algorithms created to meet the Data Encryption Standard (DES) and the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) are widely used in a variety of systems. These algorithms are computationally highly complex, thus, the efficiency of encrypting or decrypting large files can be drastically reduced. To this end, we propose an optimized algorithm that efficiently encrypts and decrypts large files by parallelizing processing tasks on a single heterogeneous many-core processor in the Sunway TaihuLight computer system. Firstly, we convert the serial DES and AES programs to our experimental platform. Then we implement a task assignment strategy to test the converted algorithms. Finally, in order to optimize parallelized algorithms and improve data transmission performance, we apply the master-slave communication optimization, the three-stage parallel pipeline, and vectorization. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our optimized algorithm is faster than the state-of-the-art open-source implementations of DES and AES. Compared with the serial processing algorithms, our parallelized DES and AES perform nearly 40 times and 72 times faster, respectively. The work described in this paper leverages existing methods and provides a sound basis for the direction of future research in data encryption.

A new LabVIEW simulation design was applied to provide a comparison study among several types of the most common symmetric and asymmetric encryption algorithms. Also, the comparison with advanced encryption package program was made. The results showed that the new LabVIEW simulation design had advantages in several points, where the evaluated time required for the encryption and decryption processes will be lesser than it values using advanced encryption package program.In this work, the symmetric encryption algorithms were used: AES (Advanced Encryption Standard), DES (Data Encryption Standard), 3DES (Triple Data Encryption Standard) and RC2 (Rivest Cipher) algorithms, while the asymmetric encryption algorithm used was the RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Aldeman) algorithm. The comparison had been achieved using different sizes of text files with different key sizes. The final results proved that the LabVIEW simulation design is better than the Advanced Encryption Package because it increased the algorithm’s performance by 65% in terms of speed and throughput, and for the algorithms’ comparison, the final results showed the effectiveness of AES algorithm over the other algorithms in terms of speed and throughput for the encryption and decryption processes.

Today multimedia technologies have popularized applications like video conferencing, pay-per-view, Video On Demand (VOD), video broadcast, etc. where confidentiality and fast transmission of the video data extremely important. This necessitates secure video encryption algorithms. This paper presents a highly secured randomized encryption/ decryption technique. Implementation presented in this paper chooses a randomly switching model which combines the two symmetric cryptosystems Data Encryption Standard (DES) and Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) to work together as a single unit. Switching is controlled by the QR-code images. Along with encryption the video data undergoes the compression. Also this design takes care about the memory reduction using modified double stegging.