Performance assessment: Improving metacognitive ability in mathematics learning

One of the basic abilities in learning mathematics is the ability of students to understand mathematics. Mathematical comprehension ability will develop other mathematical abilities, including communication, connection and problem-solving abilities. To be able to hone students 'mathematical abilities, a learning model is needed that is appropriate to the students' character and the material being taught. One learning model that can improve student learning outcomes is the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) model. The method used in this study is Classroom Action Research (CAR). Subjects in this study were fifth grade in Elementary School. The instruments used in this study were tests and observation sheets of teacher and student activities. Based on the analysis of research data, it is concluded that CTL can improve the ability of mathematical understanding of fraction concept for elementary students. Thus, the use of CTL learning models can be used as an alternative learning to be applied to learning mathematics in elementary school especially on learning concept of fractions.

Social media has a strong appeal to today's young generation. The use of social media with religious nuances in f-math can provide context that is relevant to religious values, so that students can connect mathematics with moral principles and have a positive perception of mathematics learning. The use of social media-based f-math media can also influence students' cognitive abilities in understanding mathematical concepts. With dynamic interactions and attractive visuals, students tend to be more interested and participate more actively in mathematics learning. Apart from that, the use of social media in mathematics learning can influence students' affective abilities. Active involvement in use so that students' level of confidence and motivation can increase. This can lead to the formation of a positive attitude towards mathematics and increase self-confidence in solving mathematical problems. The use of f-math media based on social media with religious nuances can have a positive influence on students' creative thinking abilities as well as cognitive and affective abilities in learning mathematics. By utilizing the appeal of social media and emphasizing the relevance of mathematics to religious values, students can view mathematics more positively and develop their creative thinking skills in solving mathematical problems.

This study aims to determine the effect of a realistic mathematical approach on students' mathematical creative thinking abilities, to determine the effect of a realistic mathematics approach on students' mathematical problem solving abilities, to determine the interaction between learning and initial mathematics ability (KAM) on students' mathematical creative thinking abilities, and know the interaction between learning and early mathematics abilities (KAM) on students' math problem solving abilities. The data were obtained through the KAM test, tests of creative thinking questions and student problem solving. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA test. Based on the results of the analysis (ANAVA), the results of the study with a significant value (sig) α = 0.000 concluded that there was an effect of a realistic mathematics learning approach on students 'creative thinking abilities and the significance value of the interaction was 0.488, meaning that there was no interaction between learning approaches and KAM on students' creative thinking abilities. . Furthermore, for the problem solving ability the significant value (sig) α = 0.000 that there is an effect of the realistic mathematics learning approach on students' mathematical problem solving abilities and the interaction significance value is 0.337 because the significance value is greater than the significant level value 0.05 so there is not enough evidence to reject it. Ho in other words Ho is accepted, meaning that there is no interaction between learning approaches and KAM on students' mathematical problem solving abilities. Keywords: Realistic Mathematical Approach, Creative Thinking Ability, Problem Solving Ability, Early Mathematical Ability (KAM) DOI: 10.7176/JEP/11-27-02 Publication date: September 30 th 2020

This research aims to analyze the effect size of using the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) model on problem-solving abilities in mathematics learning and investigate the effect size based on educational levels. The research method employed is quantitative with meta-analysis, aiming to summarize, evaluate, and integrate the results of several published studies. Data collection techniques involve documentary studies by searching national and international journals published between 2015 and 2023. A total of 24 studies met the predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the effect sizes of each study were calculated. Subsequently, the overall average effect size and effect sizes based on educational levels were calculated. Data analysis was conducted using JASP software version 0.18.1.0. The results of this research indicate that the effect size of the Project-Based Learning model on problem-solving abilities in mathematics learning is significantly large, with an effect size of 0.973. Furthermore, statistically significant differences were reported in the effect sizes of the PjBL model on problem-solving abilities in mathematics learning across educational levels. The implementation of the PjBL model has a very large effect size on problem-solving abilities in mathematics learning for elementary, and college-level students. Meanwhile, at junior high school and the senior high school level, the PjBL model on problem-solving abilities in mathematics learning has a large and amoderate effect size.

In this study, the ability of mathematical reasoning is measured based on its indicators, namely, drawing logical conclusions, providing explanations with models, facts, characteristics or relationships, estimating answers and solution processes and formulating valid arguments. This type of research is qualitative research using a descriptive approach. The research was conducted at MTs Negeri 5 Merangin. The subjects used in this study were 3 students who were taken from class VII-B.The results showed that students who have mathematical reasoning abilities SKP-01 have been able to meet all indicators of mathematical reasoning abilities. SKP-02 students with mathematical reasoning abilities are unable to meet the indicators of compiling valid arguments. And SKP-03 students are not able to meet the indicators of estimating the answer and the solution process and the indicators compile valid arguments. So the three subjects who have different mathematical reasoning abilities, have obstacles in fulfilling different mathematical ability indicators.Thus, efforts to improve children's abilities in learning mathematics, especially in their mathematical reasoning abilities, require the selection of appropriate learning methods, encouraging students to interact positively with fellow students and with teachers when learning, encouraging students to use logical reasoning in solving math problems.

This study was intended to investigate the influence of inquiry learning approach assisted with square word media toward students’ mathematical understanding ability in learning mathematics. This study was conducted through quantitative research procedures namely quasi-experimental design. The populations were all students of class X at MAS Syamsuddhuha. The samples were 25 students of class X MIA 1 and 25 students of class X MIA 2, selected by purposive sampling. The nonequivalent posttest-only control group design was used. The data were obtained from the post-test results of the students’ mathematical understanding; they were analyzed by using SPSS 18 software. Since the data was not normal, the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test was applied. The findings of this study showed that the significant value of the test was 0,000 and it was less than 0.05 allowed the H0 rejected. It can be concluded that there was an influence of inquiry learning approach assisted by word square media on students' mathematical understanding ability, which was done in the study of trigonometry II for class X at MAS Syamsuddhuha. Hence, mathematical understanding ability is a crucial aspect in solving mathematical problems which can be measured by applying inquiry learning approach in classroom.

The use of ICT in learning mathematics is not something new in order to maximize students’ mathematical abilities, especially in this modern era of industrial revolution 4.0. One of the mathematical abilities that focus on students’ development is mathematical reasoning ability. Based on this, the purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of ICT learning that developed through Hippani Animator Software on students’ mathematical reasoning abilities. This is a quasi-experimental study with non-equivalent control group design involving 72 students in different classes. Learning in the experimental class was carried out using ICT conducted in computer laboratories while in the control class did not use ICT learning. The experimental class was given a treatment using ICT, while the control class was given a conventional method but with the same mathematical reasoning abilities. The research was conducted for grade VII students at the Public Islamic Junior High School called State of Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTsN) 3 Kuningan to introducing statistical data presentation. The results showed that the mathematical reasoning ability of the experimental class was better than control class. It indicates that the use of ICT in mathematics learning is effective in developing students’ reasoning abilities.

This study aims to improve students' mathematical reasoning abilities in learning mathematics through Problem Solving with Scientific approaches. The subjects in this study were all students of class VIII B, Padamara 1 st junior high school, totaling 33 students. This research was conducted in 3 cycles, each cycle consisting of 2 meetings. Each cycle in this study includes action planning, action implementation, observation and reflection. To measure the ability of mathematical reasoning is evaluated using the mathematical reasoning ability test. Based on the results of the study, the mathematical reasoning ability of the first cycle obtained an average value of 40.9, the second cycle obtained an average value of 60.15, and the third cycle obtained an average value of 63.3. The conclusion obtained from this study is that learning with Problem Solving with the Scientific approach can improve the mathematical reasoning ability of students of class VIII B Padamara 1 N Middle School, especially the subject of Building a Flat Side Room.

The STEM approach is an approach used to improve students' problem solving, critical and creative thinking abilities, and can be a foundation in preparing students for careers in technology, science and engineering. Therefore, researchers integrated a STEM-based Problem Based Learning model which aims to determine students' problem solving abilities in learning Mathematics on SPLTV material and prepare students to face the world of work. The subjects of this research were students of class X Nautika 2 at SMK Negeri 5 Tanjungpinang, Riau Islands, academic year 2023/2024. This type of research is Classroom Action Research (PTK) which is carried out in two cycles, namely cycle I and cycle II. The assessment instrument used is a test technique in the form of a description which is carried out at the end of each cycle. The data that has been collected from the test results is then analyzed descriptively to see the picture or percentage of actions that have been carried out. The results of the research show that the application of the STEM-based problem based learning model can increase problem solving abilities in the SPLTV material of class X Nautika 2 students at SMK Negeri 5 Tanjungpinang by 15%.

High-level mathematical thinking skills are the main goal in learning mathematics. So far, the practice of learning in schools has not facilitated students to develop these abilities. PMRI (the Indonesian version of realistic mathematics education) is a learning approach that is oriented towards the students` ability to understand the realistic situations that can be imagined and integrated with the ability to understand concepts, use progressive mathematical models, interactivity and take advantage of student contributions are expected to improve students' abilities in learning mathematics. This study aims to determine the implementation of PMRI approach in improving high-order thinking skills of mathematics in class XI SMA Mutiara Bangsa 2 Tangerang on limit function through e-learning. This research was developed based on a research design that includes three, those are preliminary design, experiment, and retrospective analysis. This study was designed with five meetings using six research subjects. The subjects of this study consisted of six students who were selected based on their evaluation test and their activeness during learning process. The research instruments analyzed were formative and summative test results based on higher-order thinking skills, findings note, student questionnaires, and the hypothetical learning trajectory (HLT). The results obtained from the retrospective analysis show that the implementation of PMRI in learning and instruction of limit function is able to develop higher-order thinking skills of class XI students of SMA Mutiara Bangsa 2 Tangerang.

The science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) approach is a leading and important learning approach to analyze thinking ability and learning motivation. Accordingly, this study attempts to elaborate a STEM approach to analyze the critical thinking ability and motivation of high school students in Indonesia, especially in Palopo City, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The current research applied pre-experimental treatment on research objects involving a group of experimental classes. Pre-experimental was used in testing the STEM approach in an experimental class with a one-group pretest–posttest design with 176 students divided into five classes. The results show: (1) improvement in students’ critical thinking ability indicated by an average pretest score of 13.90 and posttest score of 70.67; (2) an increase in student learning motivation shown by an average of 71.57–80.83. The analysis results show an increase in students’ critical thinking ability and learning motivation after applying the STEM approach. Conclusively, STEM functions as one of the practical learning methods for improving students’ critical thinking skills and learning motivation.

Seeing the differences in the results of several previous studies on metacognitive abilities in problem solving, researchers are interested in examining students' metacognitive abilities in problem solving in terms of gender differences. This problem is important to study because it aims to determine the implementation of the metacognitive abilities of male and female students in problem solvingThe purpose of this study was to determine the metacognitive ability of male and female students in problem solving using TIMSS questions at SMP Al-Falah Pesanggrahan Jangkar for the 2020/2021 academic year. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. The subjects of this study were one male student and one female student from class VII SMP AL-Falah Pesanggrahan who had the same mathematical ability. Data collection techniques in this study were interviews, mathematical ability tests and TIMSS questions. Data analysis in this study was analyzed on each data collection technique. The results of data analysis showed that there was no difference in metacognitive ability in problem solving between male and female students. The metacognitive abilities of male and female students have been used well in problem solving. Both of them can explain their thinking process in every stage of problem solving.
 
 Keywords: Metacognition Ability, Problem solving, TIMSS questions, Mathematical Ability, Gender Difference.

Abstract: This research was conducted based on the low critical mathematical thinking skills of class IX students at MTs Negeri 3 Majalengka. Researchers chose problem based learning models with the help of monopoly games to overcome students' mathematical abilities. The aim of this research was to find out how it was implemented and whether there was an influence of the problem based learning models with the help of the monopoly game on students' mathematical critical thinking abilities. The type of research used was quantitative research using experimental methods. The population of this study was all class IX, totaling 155 students, with a sample of 19 students in class IX A, and 21 students in class IX B. Data collection methods were carried out by observation and tests. Data analysis techniques used normality tests, homogeneity tests, and t tests. Based on the results of the t test againstpost-test obtained a value of 0.000 < 0.05, then H1 accepted. So it cauld be concluded that there was an influence between the modelsproblem based learning with the help of the monopoly game on mathematical critical thinking skills.

Mathematics is one of the subjects taught in formal educational institutions, which is an important part of efforts to improve the quality of education. Students' adaptive reasoning ability in mathematics is reflected through their critical, logical, and systematic thinking, and their objective, honest, and disciplined nature in solving problems, whether in mathematics, other subjects, or daily life. This study aims to evaluate the adaptive reasoning ability in mathematics of middle school students. This research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. The subjects of this study were 14 students from SMPIT Al-Irsyad Al-Islamiyyah Karawang, grouped into five levels: very high, high, medium, low, and very low. Data were collected from the tests on adaptive reasoning ability in mathematics to understand the students' reasoning abilities. Scores were given to students who answered each question based on the indicators achieved. The highest percentage was obtained on the indicator of forming conjectures, at 48.21%, while the lowest rate was 3.57% on the indicator of finding patterns in a mathematical phenomenon. Overall, the average results for each indicator were: Indicator 1 - 48.21%, Indicator 2 - 26.79%, Indicator 3 - 35.71%, Indicator 4 - 8.93%, and Indicator 5 - 3.57%. Therefore, the average percentage of student achievement in answering the adaptive reasoning ability test in mathematics was 24.64%. It can be concluded that middle school students' mastery of adaptive reasoning ability in mathematics is categorized as low.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent to which personality traits, motivation, academic risk-taking, and metacognition explain the mathematical creative ability of high school students. The participants were 217 9th-grade students that were exceptionally high achievers. The participants responded to a set of measures about personality traits, motivation, academic risk-taking, metacognition, and creative ability in mathematics. The results revealed that although openness to experience and consciousness were significantly correlated with creative ability in mathematics, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism were not correlated with the creativity scores. Moreover, intrinsic goal orientation followed by openness to experience was the most significant predictor of mathematical creative ability. Academic risk-taking was not significantly correlated with creative ability. Although knowledge of cognition and regulation of cognition showed moderate correlations with creative ability in mathematics, they failed to predict creative ability.