Preface

The virtual 4th International Conference of Agroindustry and Bioeconomy (ICGAB) 2020 has been successfully held and the IOP Conference Proceeding Series: Earth and Environmental Science has been completed. This year ICGAB is special, it is the first virtual conference organised due to the Covid-19 global pandemic which hit us in early 2020. The conference was held virtually because of the travel restriction and social distancing policy of the Republic of Indonesia Government. In order to maintain an academic atmosphere and keep providing an academic forum for the students, academicians, researchers, and professionals despite the pandemic condition, the committee decided to hold the conference virtually.The current ICGAB 2020 is organised by the Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya (Malang, Indonesia) on the 25th of August 2020. The organiser collaborated with MSAE (Malaysian Society of Agriculture and Food Engineers), AUCFA (ASEAN Universities Consortium on Food and Agro-based Engineering & Technology), Forum Komunikasi Perguruan Tinggi Teknologi Pertanian Indonesia (FKPT-TPI), International Association of Agro-based Engineering and Technology (IAAET), and Advances in Food Science, Sustainable Agriculture and Agroindustrial Engineering (AFSSAAE) with the theme on “Emerging Technology and Integrated Information System for Sustainable Agroindustry”.This conference is aimed to communicate and disseminate research experiences, technology innovation, research and technology advances, as well as case studies related to sustainable agroindustry. This event provides a scientific platform enabling both local and international academia, researchers, policymakers, industry leaders, professionals, and other stakeholders to build networks, share ideas, and create research collaboration. The ICGAB 2020 is hopefully offering all participants to engage with the practices and/or implementation of advanced technology and information system to further develop the green economy in Indonesia through the creation of sustainable agroindustry.Since 2017, ICGAB has been successfully attracting more than 300 participants from different countries to each event. This year we proudly conducted the 4th ICGAB virtually. The conference consisted of the plenary and parallel sessions. The speakers and presenters came from six countries (Australia, Japan, South Korea, the Philippines, Malaysia and Indonesia). The virtual conference was held using the Zoom Meeting Platform. The conference organiser managed the conference from Malang, Indonesia, while the participants and speakers joined the conference virtually from their respective location in several cities in Indonesia and other countries (i.e. Malaysia, Philippines, Japan, Australia, and South Korea). The prominent resource persons invited as the keynote speakers were Rossana Marie Amongo, PhD (University of the Philippines Los Baños, Los Baños, the Phillipines), Ir. Mohd Fazly bin Mail P.Eng., M.I.E.M (Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute, Malaysia), Assoc. Prof. Grause Guido (Tohoku University, Japan), Assoc. Prof. Yasmin Sultanbawa (The University of Queensland, Australia), and Prof. Teti Estiasih (Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia).The parallel session of ICGAB 2020 was well attended with 13 (thirteen) topics covered; all presenters did an outstanding job of sharing their expertise and experiences, beneficial to support the creation of a circular economy in Indonesia. There 243 participants from 6 countries presented and discussed during the conferences. The parallel sessions were conducted in ten different Zoom conference rooms. Each room was led by a chairperson and co-chairperson. Each participant was given seven minutes to present the paper followed by a discussion session led by the chairperson. The parallel sessions run very well. The participants were actively engaged during the discussion sessions. The technical areas and applications covered by the proceedings, namely:1. Food Safety and Security2. Agricultural Engineering3. Agricultural Product Technology4. Agroindustrial Production System Management and Regulation5. Renewable Energy and Biorefinery6. Waste and Environmental Management7. Health, Nutrition and Medical Microbiology8. Industrial Biotechnology and Bioprocessing9. Food Microbiology10. Agro Forestry and Biodiversity11. Fisheries and Marine Resources Technology12. Animal Welfare and Technology13. Bioeconomy and BiobusinessDespite some minor limitations, thanks to the support of innovation and advancement of virtual technologies, it was possible for us to hold the conference on time and excellently.Among the presented papers, 191 manuscripts have been gone through the peer review process and 152 manuscripts have been accepted to be included in this IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science ICGAB 2020 Proceeding. Acknowledgment is due to all participants, reviewers, editors, committees and all who contributed to this event. We hope that this conference proceeding could contribute to the advancement of agricultural technology in the world. We also hope to see you at the 5th ICGAB 2021!CONFERENCE COMMITTEE, Scientific Committee, Steering Committee, Editors, ORGANIZER, SPONSOR and this titles are available in this pdf.

Alhamdulillah, all praise to Allah and His Prophet, our 5th International Conference on Civil and Environmental Engineering for Sustainability (IConCEES 2019) was successfully organised. This biannual event was organized by Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built Environment (formerly known as Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering) as a platform for scientists, researchers and engineers to share their knowledge, expertise and experiences as well as current research outcome in creating sustainable and environmental friendly world. The conference theme of “Today’s Sustainable Engineering for a Better Tomorrow” really emphasises on green technology that enhance better future for mankind benefit. It can be described as the needs to prepare the world for future generation to continue the responsibility to make the world a better place to live. It is the desire of all population and generations that mankind will continue to exist and lead the world.In recent years, rapid development generally make life’s better In terms of how we live on daily basis, how much easier technology aided our lifestyle and increment in production efficiency. However, at the same time, our earth is paying the price for these rapid developments with more pollution arise, natural resources decrement and lots more. Through this conference, ideas, initial outcome, research products and green policies were coined and solutions to preserve our dying nature were recommended. Perhaps it can be further enhance to be applied and implemented globally. Thus, it is our duty to ensure that we conduct the necessary steps towards sustainability of the world in whatever discipline and role that we have.

The history of the Department of Architecture begins from the first days of the creation of Dnepropetrovsk Civil Engineering Institute (now − State Higher Education Institution “Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture”). For 90 years of its existence, the Department of Architecture has passed a large and important path for the Academy and, in particular, for the Faculty of Architecture, the Faculty of Industrial and Civil Engineering and the Faculty of Civil Engineering and Ecology, the path of its formation and development. The scientific research of the Department of Architecture were used in the design, construction and reconstruction of residential, civil and industrial buildings on the territory of all functional zones of many cities of the former USSR and current Ukraine. The developments of the department staff were introduced into the master plans of Moscow, Riga, Tallinn, Vilnius, Liepaja, Chisinau, Baku, Nalchik, Dnipropetrovsk, Ternopil, Khmelnytskyi, Ivano-Frankivsk, Uzhgorod, Lugansk, Sevastopol, Yalta, Kerch and many others. The research results were published in scientific collections, academic journals and in individual monographs, as well as discussed in conferences at various levels, held in countries around the world. The staff of the department took personal part in scientific conferences in Austria, Hungary, Spain, Sweden and the Czech Republic. More than 20 PhD theses have been defended under the guidance of the department staff. In the ranks of the department worked earlier and are currently working full and honorary members and corresponding members of such academies as: the International Academy of Life Safety, the Academy of Civil Engineering of Ukraine and the Academy of Engineering. At present, the staff of the Department of Architecture is spending a lot of efforts so that students and graduates of the Academy are proud of their Academy, and also performing competently and up-to-date work on reconstruction and new construction in any infrastructure facilities of modern cities.

The 1st South East Asia Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (SEA-STEM) 2020 R Oktavia1 E Yusibani1 Mailizar1 Suhartono1 Rahmi1 Elizar1 Irwandi1 E Etkina2 G Planinsic3 N Mansour4 N Idris5 C O’Donnell6 K Kagawa7 R Sheffield8 V M Mistades9 O Kaosaiyaporn10 Editorial Team of the 1st SEA-STEM’s Publication 1 Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia 2 Graduate School of Education, Rutgers University, USA 3 The University of Ljubljana, Slovenia 4 The University of Exeter, UK 5 The National STEM Movement, Malaysia 6 Smithsonian Science Education Center, USA 7 Fukui University, Japan 8 Curtin University, Australia 9 De La Salle University, Philippines 10 Prince of Sonkla University, Thailand Email: rini_oktavia@unsyiah.ac.id The 1st South East Asia Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics International Conference (SEA-STEM) 2020 is held by the STEM Research Center Universitas Syiah Kuala located in Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia on October 20-22, 2020. With the theme “Empowering Science and Transforming Communities through STEM Education,” SEA-STEM 2020 aims to be a scientific meeting among researchers and educators in STEM fields. In conjunction with the Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand Growth Triangle University Network (IMT-GT UNINET) STEM meeting, SEA-STEM 2020 is also intended to initiate a STEM movement in South East Asia region. The conference was planned to be a part of a one week STEM carnivals where we expected all participants to meet in Universitas Syiah Kuala’s campus. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we should replace the physical conference with the virtual one. The three-day conference has been successfully concluded with 9 keynote speakers and 36 parallel sessions involving 234 presentations. The first keynote session was held on the first day of the conference (October 20, 2021) with three keynote speakers including Prof. Dato’ Noraini Idris (Chair of National STEM Movement Malaysia), Prof. Tom Lowrie (Director of Early Learning STEM Australia), and Assoc. Prof. Rachel Sheffield (Curtin University, Australia) delivered their keynote talks for 40 minutes. On the second day, 50-minute keynote speeches were delivered by Dr. Carol O’Donnell (Director of Smithsonian Science Education Center, USA), Prof. Kiichiro Kagawa (Fukui University, Japan), Dr. Indrawati, M.Pd (Director of SEAMEO Qitep in Science, Indonesia) and Prof. Nasser Mansour (Exeter University, UK and Egypt). On the last day, our USG Partner of the USAID PEER Project Dist. Prof. Eugenia Etkina (the ISLE Inventor-Graduate School of Education, Rutgers University, USA) and her research partner Prof. Gorazd Planinsic (University of Ljubljana, Slovenia), in one-hour talks, shared their long-time efforts in developing the Investigative Science Learning Environment (ISLE) approach for instructions and assessments in teaching physics. For keynote sessions we provided a 500-person virtual meeting room and based on the attendance records, about 250-350 participants attended the keynote sessions. On the other hand, for each parallel session, we organized six 100-person virtual meeting rooms that were assigned for parallel talks based on the topics of presentations. In each parallel session meeting room, 4-8 speakers delivered their presentation including the Q&A session in 15 minutes per presenter. Presenters of the conferences are researchers and educators in STEM fields who came from several countries including Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippine, Thailand, China, Japan, Hungary, Nigeria, Macedonia, Germany, UK, Egypt, Australia, Slovenia, and the USA. The virtual conference majorly depended on the reliability of the internet connection and the video conferencing and webinars platform. We hired a third party technical team that has successfully handled the technical aspects of the keynote and parallel sessions. We experienced some technical glitches during the opening ceremony and keynote talks on the first day, such as the voice of the keynote speakers and the national anthem cannot be heard, but the technical team learn from this experience and the keynote and parallel sessions on the next days were successfully held without glitches. We received 257 paper submissions and after a careful review process, 165 of the manuscripts are published in this proceedings. The published papers are divided into 7 tracks including Physics & Physics Education, Mathematics, Mathematics Education, Biology & Biology Education, Chemistry & Chemistry Education, Technology and Engineering, and STEM Education. We hope that the papers will provide new thoughts, ideas, and inspiration for us to improve STEM education in Indonesia as well as in South East Asia. We learned from this experience that even though the virtual conference was a success, a physical conference would provide more interactive engagements among the presenters and participants. However, we realize that the virtual conference enable us to invite that many experts from all around the world to discuss about STEM and STEM education. This might not be possible if we hold a physical conference. Feedback from participants was mostly positive and a community of scholars and educators who work in STEM research and education consisting of former participants of the conference has been established. We would like to express our sincere gratitude to the NAS and USAID and Institute of Research and Community Service (LPPM) Universitas Syiah Kuala, which provided the financial support for SEA-STEM 2020. We also would like to extend our gratitude to all reviewers for their benevolent assistance in reviewing the manuscripts and to all keynote speakers, participants, and presenters of SEA-STEM 2020 for their great contributions to the conference. We hope the development of STEM and STEM education in the South East Asia region will thrive that will benefit not only the countries in the region, but also the world in general. International STEM Committee, Steering Committee, Organizing Committee, Scientific Committee & Reviewers, Schedule of The 1st South East Asia Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics International Conference (SEA-STEM) 2020, and these titles are available in this pdf

Proceedings of the International Conference on Recent Advances on IndustrialEngineering and Manufacturing (ICRAIEM 2018)Penang, 12-13 December 2019PrefaceThe International Conference on Recent Advances on Industrial Engineering and Manufacturing (ICRAIEM 2018) was held from 12-13 December 2018 at Mercure Penang Beach Hotel. Penang, Malaysia. The event, organized by the School of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, was attended by 63 participants. Sixty-one papers were presented in two parallel sessions, namely Manufacturing and Industrial Engineering. The theme of the conference was Towards Industry 4.0 and IoT.Three renowned keynote speakers were present to deliver the keynote speeches. The first keynote speech entitled ‘Current and future trends of advanced manufacturing technologies’ was delivered by Prof. Emeritus Andrew Nee from Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore. The second keynote speech titled ‘Opportunities and Challenges in The Implementation of Industry 4.0’ was presented by Mr. Andreas Foerster, general manager of BBS Automation Penang Sdn. Bhd., while the third keynote speech titled ‘Industry 4.X Implementation: A Journey of 1000 Miles Begins with a Single Step’ was presented by Mr. Abram Ziegelaar, Vice-President (Digital Transformation Office), B. Braun Medical Industries Sdn. Bhd., Penang. The conference was sponsored jointly by Western Digital as a gold sponsor and Vitrox Technologies as a silver sponsor. The co-sponsors were Micro-Modular Systems Sdn. Bhd. and Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET), UK. The collaborators in the conference were University Malaysia Pahang (UMP), Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Malacca (UTeM) and Institution of Malaysia (IEM), Penang Branch.An exhibition event was also held concurrent with the conference. Two leading companies involved in providing automation and Industry 4.0 solutions, namely BBS Automation Sdn. Bhd. and Advantech Co. Sdn. Bhd. showcased their latest products and services to the conference delegates and visitors. A machine vision lighting specialist, TMS Lite Sdn. Bhd., offered LED lighting solutions to industrial automation and inspection applications and problems.Organizing an international conference for the first time is a challenging task. The organizing committee has been working with great commitment and passion since the first day the idea of the conference was mooted in November 2017. I would like to thank all the members of the committee for their tireless effort in making this conference a success. I would also like to thank the members of the international advisory committee, panel of reviewers, keynote speakers, sponsors and exhibitors for their contribution in this conference. Lastly, I would to express my gratitude to all the authors for submitting their papers and participating in this conference. I will look forward to meeting everyone again in the next ICRAIEM conference.Prof. Dr. Mani Maran RatnamChief EditorICRAIEM 2018List of Organizing committee are available in this PDF.

Encouraged by the successes of the previous four International Conference on Materials for Advanced Technologies (ICMAT) conferences in 2001, 2003, 2005 and 2007, MRS-Singapore in association with National University of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Institute of Materials Research and Engineering and many other national and international institutes organised ICMAT 2009 from 28 June to 3 July 2009 at the SUNTEC Singapore International Convention and Exhibition Centre. On 28 June 2009, the conference started with traditional inaugural event followed by a plenary talk by Prof. Peter Gruenberg, a Noble Laureate in Physics. There were more than 2,000 members of the international scientific and materials research community representing over 40 countries that attended 23 Symposia covering many frontier areas in materials science and technology. The overall level of participation in this conference was of an exceptionally high standard as evidenced by the participation of various Nobel Laureates who gave plenary and public lectures, distinguished keynote and invited speakers. The Symposium F on “Nanostructured Materials for Electrochemical Energy Systems: Lithium Batteries, Supercapacitors and Fuel Cells” provided an excellent opportunity for interdisciplinary forum addressing recent trends of science and technology related to materials for electrochemical power sources. It had attracted large participation of up to 150, including 41 invited talks, 60 oral presentations and 50 poster presentations. The talks were classified under three broad categories, which are as follows: electrodes (cathodes and anodes) and electrolytes of lithium batteries, supercapacitors and fuel cells. To manage such large number of presentations, two parallel sessions were scheduled, one dealing with largely lithium batteries and the other addressing fuel cells and supercapacitors. Two best poster awards were given based on the recommendation of jury members. On behalf of the organising committee, we would like to thank all the invited speakers, session chairs and Palani Balaya, San Ping Jiang, Atsuo Yamada, and BVR Chowdari are the Organizing Committee members of Symposium–F, ICMAT 2009.

ACTION/INTERACTION: BOOK/ARTS COLUMBIA COLLEGE CHICAGO CENTER FOR BOOK AND PAPER ARTS CHICAGO, ILLINOIS JUNE 8-10, 2007 The Action/Interaction: Book/Arts conference consisted of a major invitational exhibition, three keynote conference speakers, eight guided discussion sessions, an open mic night for readings and performance works, and one technical presentation. In its first year as a source for the book arts community, the conference completely subsumed the Festival of the the third fair hosted by Columbia College Chicago Center for Book and Paper Arts. Action/Interaction was a relatively open environment offering opportunities to engage through dialogue. For an audience accustomed to hearing about book craft, channels were opened to include other media's influence. Discussion leaders and attendees began to address the book medium's relations outside its own social bounds as well. Action/Interaction's first keynote speaker, Audrey Niffenegger, is known among book artists for her hand-colored etchings with aquatint that make for fictions of mostly pictures. Since the publication of a bestseller, The Time Traveler's Wife (2004), Niffenegger has become better known as a novelist. Nifenegger spoke to the differences between her projects of pure writing versus predominately image-based books, such as The Three Incestuous Sisters: An Illustrated Novel (2005), which was published by Harry N. Abrams Inc. in a much larger edition than viable using hand-printed methods. Niffenegger also reported she is embarking on a serial for the United Kingdom's Guardian Unlimited newspaper as well as reading screenwriters' disputable attempts to adapt The Time Traveler's Wife for an upcoming feature film. Niffenegger is a case in point for the conference's parallel discussion session, Books and Mainstream Publication, lead by Jen Blair of Columbia College Chicago. Blair and those present contended over decisions faced by book artists pursuant to attention from major publishers. Tactics for improving artists' books distribution, profitability, and the Internet's potential for opening up new audiences were also debated. The potential for linking to new audiences was at the core of questions in another parallel session, Considering Artists' Books moderated by Amanda D'Amico and Phoebe Esmon of University of the Arts (UArts) in Philadelphia. The moderators questioned the general functionality of the in-progress Web site. Johanna Drucker, founder of Artists' Books Online, was in attendance for the discussion and positioned the project as an archive providing access to certain books in their entirety, rather than simply an aid for locating artists' books or an advocate for the medium. D'Amico and Esmon stimulated their discussion by picking apart Artists' Books Online's metadata fields and glossary. Terminology remains a central point of departure as evident from the session Shaping a New Critical Discourse for the Field, lead by Mary Tasillo of UArts, as well as Beyond Artifacts: Book Arts as Practice, lead by Andrew Eason of University of West England. In yet another parallel discussion session, Crossing Boundaries: New Conceptions for the Book, moderator Jonathan Lill's (Museum of Modern Art Archives) approach was to phenomenologically compare artists' books to other media like architecture and monumental sculpture in a lively philosophical debate. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Even more energetic was Marshall Weber's keynote address directed primarily at students whose attention he captured by calling for revolt. Weber's talk was inspired by the conference moniker of Action as well as its locale, Chicago--historically known for student protest and uprisings against the city's infamous one-party politics. Weber provided a brief history of Chicago's revolutionary past including violent unrest surrounding the 1968 Democratic convention and the Days of Rage in the fall of 1969. …

In this special year, due to the COVID-19 outbreaks around the world, the 6th International Conference on Chemical Materials and Process (ICCMP 2020) and 11th International Conference on Chemistry and Chemical Engineering (ICCCE 2020) that were planned to be held at Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland were successfully held via an online platform (Zoom) from July 2-4, 2020. This virtual conference was a bold step and a new experience for the hosts and participants.The success of ICCMP and ICCCE 2020 cannot be separated from the conference committees, reviewers, and session chairs, as well as all of the participants, presenters, and the main organisers -Chemistry and Materials Society (CMS) group from Hong Kong, China. With their great efforts and their continuous support, the ICCMP&ICCCE 2020 were able to inaugurate a new approach to connect all participants from different parts of the world online. All sessions, oral presentations, discussions, and other activities were offered via online streaming.The conference was composed of 5 keynote speeches and 3 parallel sessions (22 participants in total). Keynote speakers who delivered their speeches were from the UK, Italy, Japan, Norway. Each speech lasted for 40 minutes, including 5 minutes for Q&A. And there were 3 parallel sessions, 22 participants from Poland, China, France, the USA, Cyprus, Australia, Brazil, and others, who presented their work. Each one had 15 minutes, including 3 minutes for Q&A. There was an intense and genuine academic atmosphere, just like the previous on-site conferences.All participants actively asked questions and presenters were happy to answer questions in return. Everything went extremely well and better than expected. In order to make the conference run more smoothly and assist all the participants to present their work successfully, the main organisers prepared a test session for all presenters in advance. They tried their best to help all participants solve any problems that arose. The conference also accepted the video presentations for those authors that had an unstable or weak internet connection. And the whole conference was recorded for backup purposes only.The ICCMP&ICCCE always aim at providing an international platform for scholars and researchers from all over the world, to share and exchange ideas about Chemical Materials and Process, and Chemical Engineering. The conference proceedings consist of 24 papers covering advanced chemical processes, including some more interdisciplinary fields like nanotechnology, bioengineering, biomolecular engineering, material processing, etc. We sincerely hope these proceedings will make a great and valuable contribution for all scholars concerned, and also those researching related fields.Ewa DluskaProfessor at Warsaw University of Technology, Poland

The 4th International Conference on Science and Sustainable Development (ICSSD2020) was held between 3rd and 5th August, 2020 with the theme “Advances in Science and Technology for Sustainable Development”. The meeting was changed to virtual format because of the Covid-19 pandemic and related issues like ban on large gathering and travel restrictions. The meeting was initially postponed but had to hold virtually because it is an annual conference and with the view of sustaining the purpose of the conference which is to run in line with the SDG goals started in 2017. The Conference was organized by the Department of Physics in conjunction with the Department of Estate Management. The venue for the Conference was Covenant University Centre for Research Innovation and Discovery, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, NigeriaProfessor Alison Bruce, Deputy Head, School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brighton, United Kingdom was the Keynote Speaker while Professor Lazarus Ojigi, Director, Mission Planning, Information Technology and Data Management, National Space Research and Development Agency (NASRDA) delivered the Lead Speech. The Plenary Speakers were Professor Ayodele Abiodun and Professor Olayinka Ohunakin. The Vice-Chancellor, Covenant University, Prof. AAA Atayero, delivered an insightful lecture on the impact of Science and Technology during the opening ceremony. There were plenary sessions on day 2 and day 3, followed by discussion and interactions by speakers and attendees. We had four parallel sessions on day 1 and four parallel sessions morning and afternoon on day 2. There was closing ceremony on Day 3 and last set of technical sessions. Authors/presenters were given 10 minutes for presentation each after which questions raised by other participants were answered by the presenters and others also made comments on the presentation. The modality was similar to the physical meeting. Organizers were available on ground, while participants hooked up online from their respective institutions and countries. 55 organizers were on ground, 10 speakers and 152 attendees participated online. The meeting was held on Whova Conference App with Zoom links integrated into it which provided a very robust platform for interaction and feedback from the participants. The technical quality and success of delivery was quite high because Whova Events App was used.The conference consisted of 5 tracks divided into 13 sessions which tackled essential topics on Science, Engineering, Energy, Data, Environment, and allied fields. This conference brought together leaders from industry and academia to exchange and share their experiences, present research results, explore collaborations and to spark new ideas with the aim of developing new projects and exploiting new technology. All the papers presented at ICSSD2020 were re-grouped into 5-topic headings in this volume which are captured under Applied Sciences, Computational Science, Electronics and devices, Energy and Solid State Physics, and Environmental and Earth Sciences.The committee of ICSSD2020 expresses its sincere thanks to all authors for their high-quality research papers and careful presentations. All reviewers are also thanked for their careful comments and advice. Finally, we thank IOP Publication for producing this volume. Mojisola R.Usikalu, Ph.D Chair, ICSSD2020 Organizing Committee Ahzegbobor P. Aizebeokhai, Ph.D Editor-in-Chief, ICSSD2020 Moses E. Emetere, Ph.D Associate Editor I, ICSSD2020 Theophilus A. Adagunodo, Ph.D Associate Editor II, ICSSD2020

Ahmed J. Obaid1*, Salah Albermany2, Bassma H. Hamad3, Hiba A. Ahmed4 1, 2Faculty of Computer Science and Mathematics, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq. 3Alkarkh University of Science, Iraq 4Dept of Mathematics, Baghdad University, IraqE-Mails: ahmedj.aljanaby@uokufa.edu.iq, salah_albermany@uokufa.edu.iqICMAICT Proceedings volume involved the contributions that were presented through the Second International Conference of Modern Applications on Information and Communication Technology (ICMAICT), which has been held at University of Babylon, Iraq(http://maict.info), at 22-23 October 2020, ICMAICT also hosted sessions from Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering for their events International Conference on Innovations in Electronics, Communication, Computing & Automation (ICIECCA) The Conference provided a forum for discussion and sharing the knowledge and recent studies in many Fields and Subjects among Researchers, Academics Participants, Lecturers, and other Communities.ICMAICT focused on the Aspects of Computing and Security Systems, Global Economy and Statistics, Communication and Networking, Mathematics and Information Theory, where the received papers come from the authors who working in academics centers, universities, research institutes, corporations, industries, and other agencies. General public theme of ICMAICT is to explore the recent techniques and technologies in the field of Information Technology, Computing, Information Theory, Security systems, and mathematics. ICMAICT also hosted sessions in Nano Technologies, IoT, Biomedical Systems, Hyper-Modal Signal Processing, Wireless Communication Technologies, Networks & Big Data Applications, Electromagnetic, RF, Microwave and Wearable Technology, Sciences. The conference has been a great opportunity for participants coming from UK, Turkey, Nepal, Philippines, Australia, Egypt, Lebanon, Algeria, Iran, India, Pakistan, Malaysia, and Many other Countries to present and discuss topics in their respective research areas.ICMAICT-20 conference hosted6 plenary sessions and invited speakers, and also oral and poster presentations to allow as many as possible attendances to present their scientific results on the different fields. The manuscripts which have presented were published in the IOP Conference Series: Journal of Physics under the peer-reviewed process. We love to express our gratitude for all of the participants, keynote speakers, and guests of honor, for their effective contribution in our conference and these proceedings. We also, acknowledge University of Babylon, Dijla Co. Pvt. Ltd., for their hospitality and sponsoring the conference. Furthermore, would like to thank SICC Center for their supports. Our ongoing thankfulness is presented for our Chairs, Guest editors and Speakers.List of titles Venue of the Conference, The reason(s) why ICMAICT conducted virtually, Technology, technical difficulties and drawbacks of conference virtually, The main technical difficulties of Virtual Meetings can be summarizing as follow, Conference Chairs, Honorary and Invited Conference Chairs, Conference Secretariat Chairs, International Program Chairs, Organizing Committee, Scientific Committee, Session Chairs, Invited Speakers, Organizing Institutions are available in this Pdf.

It is our great pleasure to welcome all of you to 2020 7th International Conference on Coastal and Ocean Engineering (ICCOE 2020) April 22-24, 2020, Singapore. ICCOE 2020 is dedicated to issues related to Coastal and Ocean Engineering.Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the conference committees made a decision to hold an online conference instead to ensure every participant’s personal safety.CCOE 2020 is highlighted with four keynote speakers: Prof. Gordon Huang (University of Regina, Canada); Prof. Chou Loke Ming (National University of Singapore, Singapore); Prof. Koh Hock Lye (Sunway University, Malaysia); Associate Professor Edmond Yat-Man Lo (Nanyang Technological University, Singapore).The Conference had one poster session and four oral sub-sessions on different topics: Environmental Science and Engineering, Innovation and Economic Development, Ocean Engineering, Marine Science and Ship Engineering.It was a great opportunity for students, researchers and engineers to interact with the experts and specialists to get advice or consultation on technical matters, dissemination and marketing strategies.This volume of the proceedings presents a selection of papers submitted to the conference. They are organised in nine chapters under the topics of: Utilization of Ocean Space, Marine Resource Exploitation, Utilization of Ocean Energy, Ship Engineering, Marine Dynamics, Architectural Design, Fire Safety Engineering, Environmental Science and Technology, and Economic Innovation. All papers were subjected to peer-review by conference committee members and international reviewers. The papers were selected based on high quality and relevance to the conference theme.We express our sincere appreciation to the organizing committee and the volunteers who had dedicated their time, effort and help in planning, promoting, and organizing the conference.Prof. Chou Loke MingNational University of Singapore, Singapore2020-04-29

The Annual International Symposium on Physics and Applications (ISPA) is organized by the Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Data Analytics at Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Indonesia. Following the success of the 1st ISPA 2020 and the 2nd ISPA 2021, the 3rd ISPA, scheduled for November 22-23, 2023, aims to provide a platform for physicists to exchange ideas and engage in discussions at both the national and international levels. The event is generously supported by Airlangga University, the State University of Surabaya, and the National University of Singapore. The symposium features six keynote speakers and six invited speakers from various countries, including Japan, Turkey, Taiwan, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Malaysia, and Indonesia. With a total of 51 full papers and 12 abstracts received for oral presentations, the selected contributions cover a wide range of research topics, including theoretical physics, modeling, computational physics, laser and optoelectronics, instrumentation and acoustics, earth sciences and geophysics, bio and medical physics, as well as material physics. Acknowledgments are extended to the advisory committee members, namely Suminar Pratapa, A. Rusydi, Madlazim, and G. Nabi, for their valuable contributions in creating a well-balanced scientific program. The organizers express their delight at the active participation of numerous graduate students and extend gratitude to the keynote and invited speakers, as well as all contributors to the 3rd ISPA 2023. Furthermore, the organizers express our gratitude to ITS for partially funding this conference. The organizers hope that the symposium will foster the initiation of research collaborations among participants, thereby supporting and enhancing the quality of research in the field of Physics and its applications, particularly within Indonesia. List of Organizing Committee, Keynote Speakers and Invited Speakers are available in this pdf.

The 14th International Conference on Green Technology (ICGT 2024) was held at the Atria Hotel and Convention Center in Malang, East Java, Indonesia, from October 1 to 2, 2024. ICGT is an esteemed annual multidisciplinary conference that serves as a platform for fostering collaboration and promoting intellectual exchange among educators, researchers, engineers, and industry professionals engaged in the advancement of science, technology, and related fields. In recent years, there has been increasing attention among scholars and practitioners regarding the need for green technologies to transition towards more integrated and sustainable approaches to environmental challenges. Existing frameworks, however, often fall short in addressing the region’s diverse climatic, cultural, and environmental contexts. In response to these pressing issues, the theme of the 14th ICGT 2024 was “Emerging Green Technology: A Path Towards a Resilient and Sustainable Built Environment.” The conference’s scientific program included keynote speeches, plenary sessions, and invited lectures, alongside parallel sessions covering a wide range of topics across the STEM disciplines. The event attracted a diverse audience comprising professors, PhD students, early-career researchers, academic supervisors, scientists, master’s students, and undergraduates from fields including earth sciences, environmental studies, engineering, natural sciences, technology, and innovation. The primary objective of the conference was to introduce students to the dynamic and evolving STEM landscape, keep experts abreast of the latest developments in their respective fields, and facilitate the exchange of knowledge and research insights across a broad spectrum of scientific and technological domains. Notably, the 14th ICGT 2024 emphasized the development of both accessible and advanced technologies to foster sustainability in diverse environmental and cultural settings. In light of the global disruptions in recent years, the 14th ICGT 2024 adopted a hybrid format. Although virtual participation was limited, this model enabled all attendees to engage with the conference either in person in Malang or virtually via Zoom. The conference agenda began with keynote speaker presentations and discussions, followed by parallel sessions for all presenters. Each presenter was allotted 20 minutes, including 15 minutes for their oral presentation and 5 minutes for discussion. These sessions were moderated, with all keynote speakers serving as reviewers for the presentations, both in the plenary room onsite and virtually. Additionally, all events were live-streamed on the university’s YouTube channel. We would like to express our gratitude to the organizing and scientific committees, as well as to all presenters and participants, for their unwavering support and contributions. Finally, we extend our sincere appreciation to the Faculty of Science and Technology at the Islamic State University of Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang for their generous financial support and assistance in ensuring the success of this event. Chairman, Agus Subaqin List of Organizing Committee is available in this Pdf.

We want to present the 2023 4th International Conference on World Trade and Economic Development (WTED 2023) held in Hangzhou, China during June 24-25, 2023. This conference was held both on-site and online. In general, there are two sessions, namely plenary and parallel. The plenary session was given to three keynote speakers, which ends with a Q&A session. Parallel session is for authors who present their papers and is carried out in four groups.
 As a scientific forum, the WTED 2023 was attended by 97 participants from researcher, scholar, students, teachers, engineers, and practitioners who participate either as presenters or as participants. The main aim of this conference is to share ideas and knowledge and build collaboration with each other. We received many papers that will be selected to be published with the scope of world trade, economic development, and related area. In this volume, we accept a small number of papers for publication after meeting the scope, checking originality, and performing peer review.
 We are hoping that this event will become a foothold of thinking in welcoming global developments. The organizing and editorial committee of WTED 2023 hopes you enjoy reading this volume. Besides, we would like to fully respect keynote speakers and all the presenters for providing their valuable contributions for this proceeding and the reviewers for their constructive recommendations to improve the presented articles. We, on behalf of the committee, would like to thank all parties for their participation in supporting this publication.
 WTED Organizing Committees
 Hangzhou, China

9 December 2021 (Online conference) Editors:Zul-Atfi Ismail, Fahmi Muhammad Ridwan, Che Zulzikrami Azner Abidin, Nur Soleha Abdul Rahim, Noor Ainee Zainol, Nurfadzillah Ishak Organiser:Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Malaysia PREFACE International Conference on Civil and Environmental Engineering (CENVIRON2021) is the fourth CENVIRON conducted since the first conference in 2017. The initial purpose of the conference is to gather researchers, academia and industries in a platform to exchange views, share ideas and discuss current researches in the field of civil and environmental engineering. This include current research and development especially in the advancement of various scope related fundamentals and applications. This conference is expected to spur a fruitful debate and discussion, scientifically bring fresh ideas and at the same time, create a networking opportunity and strong collaboration between the participants.Due to the COVID 19 pandemic, unfortunately, we have reached an agreement to opt for a virtual conference instead of the planned physical conference in the metropolitan city of Penang, Malaysia. Since the pandemic in Malaysia is still unstable and shows no sign of settling soon, and no mass gathering is allowed, this would be the best choice as to put everyone’s health a priority. Despite that, our team has managed to meet regularly via face to face discussions and virtual meetings, in order to ensure the quality of the conference and manuscript is not compromised.The conference was officiated on 9th December 2021 by the UniMAP’s Vice Chancellor, Prof. Dr. Zaliman Sauli at Auditorium of UniMAP Chancellory Building with minimal physical attendees among the conference organizing committee member to allow for social distancing, and with more than 60 attendees following through Google meet platform. The opening ceremony was broadcasted live via UniMAP’s official Facebook page.Two esteemed keynote speakers were invited for the plenary sessions, i.e., Dato’ Seri Ir. Dr. Zaini Ujang (Secretary General, Ministry of Energy, Green Technology and Water Malaysia) and the Dato’ Ir. Haji Mohamad Zulkefly Sulaiman (Director General, Public Work Department Malaysia).The online parallel sessions were successfully organised at Tuanku Syed Faizuddin Putra Library, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) using Google Meet platform. Researchers, academicians and students are among the viewers of the virtual conference. The parallel sessions were conducted according to the theme of publication. Details of the presentation schedule were included in the upcoming section. Each parallel session was chaired by an academician in the related field of Civil and Environmental Engineering to ensure smooth and lively discussions. Each session took about 15 minutes of presentation and 5 minutes of Q&A. Overall, 70 papers were accepted for CENVIRON2021 after rigorous peer review process.In summary, the success of the conference is a team effort. I am grateful to all the committee members who worked very hard to make this event a successful one. We would also like to thank all the authors who submitted their papers to the conference, and the reviewers who contributed to the review process, ensuring quality publication of the conference proceedings. We hope that you will find this conference thought provoking and engrossing and that you had a valuable experience sharing ideas with others at this conference.On behalf of the Organizing Committee,Ir. Dr. Mohd Zulham Affandi Mohd Zahid,CENVIRON2021 ChairmanList of Keynote Speakers are available in this pdf.