Preface

9 December 2021 (Online conference) Editors:Zul-Atfi Ismail, Fahmi Muhammad Ridwan, Che Zulzikrami Azner Abidin, Nur Soleha Abdul Rahim, Noor Ainee Zainol, Nurfadzillah Ishak Organiser:Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Malaysia PREFACE International Conference on Civil and Environmental Engineering (CENVIRON2021) is the fourth CENVIRON conducted since the first conference in 2017. The initial purpose of the conference is to gather researchers, academia and industries in a platform to exchange views, share ideas and discuss current researches in the field of civil and environmental engineering. This include current research and development especially in the advancement of various scope related fundamentals and applications. This conference is expected to spur a fruitful debate and discussion, scientifically bring fresh ideas and at the same time, create a networking opportunity and strong collaboration between the participants.Due to the COVID 19 pandemic, unfortunately, we have reached an agreement to opt for a virtual conference instead of the planned physical conference in the metropolitan city of Penang, Malaysia. Since the pandemic in Malaysia is still unstable and shows no sign of settling soon, and no mass gathering is allowed, this would be the best choice as to put everyone’s health a priority. Despite that, our team has managed to meet regularly via face to face discussions and virtual meetings, in order to ensure the quality of the conference and manuscript is not compromised.The conference was officiated on 9th December 2021 by the UniMAP’s Vice Chancellor, Prof. Dr. Zaliman Sauli at Auditorium of UniMAP Chancellory Building with minimal physical attendees among the conference organizing committee member to allow for social distancing, and with more than 60 attendees following through Google meet platform. The opening ceremony was broadcasted live via UniMAP’s official Facebook page.Two esteemed keynote speakers were invited for the plenary sessions, i.e., Dato’ Seri Ir. Dr. Zaini Ujang (Secretary General, Ministry of Energy, Green Technology and Water Malaysia) and the Dato’ Ir. Haji Mohamad Zulkefly Sulaiman (Director General, Public Work Department Malaysia).The online parallel sessions were successfully organised at Tuanku Syed Faizuddin Putra Library, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) using Google Meet platform. Researchers, academicians and students are among the viewers of the virtual conference. The parallel sessions were conducted according to the theme of publication. Details of the presentation schedule were included in the upcoming section. Each parallel session was chaired by an academician in the related field of Civil and Environmental Engineering to ensure smooth and lively discussions. Each session took about 15 minutes of presentation and 5 minutes of Q&A. Overall, 70 papers were accepted for CENVIRON2021 after rigorous peer review process.In summary, the success of the conference is a team effort. I am grateful to all the committee members who worked very hard to make this event a successful one. We would also like to thank all the authors who submitted their papers to the conference, and the reviewers who contributed to the review process, ensuring quality publication of the conference proceedings. We hope that you will find this conference thought provoking and engrossing and that you had a valuable experience sharing ideas with others at this conference.On behalf of the Organizing Committee,Ir. Dr. Mohd Zulham Affandi Mohd Zahid,CENVIRON2021 ChairmanList of Keynote Speakers are available in this pdf.

The 8th International Conference on Civil and Environmental Engineering 2025 (CENVIRON 2025) Yannaty Hotel, Hatyai, Thailand ∣ August 19–20, 2025 The conference was organized by the Centre of Excellence for Water Research and Environmental Sustainability Growth (WAREG) and Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Malaysia, with the support of Prince of Songkla University (PSU), Thaksin University, National Defence University of Malaysia (UPNM), and Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) as co-organizers. The event was generously sponsored by Watertech Industrial Sdn. Bhd., Fitters Diversified Berhad, XSD International Paper Sdn. Bhd., Mega Jati Academy, and Mr. Fong Chung Hua. The event aimed to provide a dedicated platform for researchers, academicians, and industry practitioners to present their latest findings, exchange knowledge, and discuss innovative solutions in civil and environmental engineering, with particular emphasis on sustainable technology and minimizing environmental impacts. With the theme “Emergence of Sustainable Technology Towards Minimizing Environmental Impacts”, CENVIRON 2025 facilitated the exploration of recent advances, addressed pressing challenges, and fostered collaborations in civil and environmental engineering. Conducted in a hybrid mode, the conference accommodated both in-person and virtual participation and featured 10 technical sessions, gathering participants from diverse research backgrounds. This volume of IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (EES) includes peer-reviewed papers presented at CENVIRON 2025. The contributions cover a wide range of topics in civil and environmental engineering, including sustainable development, infrastructure resilience, and environmental management, providing valuable references for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers. List of Memorable Moments of CENVIRON 2025, Acknowledgement and Conference Committee are available in this PDF.

All papers published in this volume have been reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing. • Type of peer review: Single Anonymous • Conference submission management system: Institutional email account (cenviron@unimap.edu.my) and google form • Number of submissions received: 47 • Number of submissions sent for review: 45 • Number of submissions accepted: 39 • Acceptance Rate (Submissions Accepted / Submissions Received × 100): 83 • Average number of reviews per paper: 2 • Total number of reviewers involved: 51 • Contact person for queries: Name: Tengku Nuraiti Tengku Izhar Email: nuraiti@unimap.edu.my Affiliation: Faculty of Civil Engineering and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis

In this era of globalization, international collaboration in higher education has become a key factor in improving academic quality, research, and technological development. Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), as an institution that focuses on technical and vocational education, utilizes the philosophy encapsulated in its tagline: "Knowledge, Sincerity, Excellence" to strengthen its international position. This article aims to explore how UniMAP utilizes this tagline as a strategy to strengthen international collaboration and improve global performance. Through the implementation of strategies based on knowledge, sincerity, and excellence, UniMAP has not only improved the quality of education and research but also built sustainable international partnerships. Significant achievements are evident in its international rankings, collaborative research networks, and high graduate success rates. Despite challenges such as geographical limitations, cultural differences, and university competition, UniMAP has successfully overcome these obstacles by encouraging cross-cultural communication and building similar partnerships. The results of this study indicate that the values ​​embedded in UniMAP's tagline play a significant role in strengthening the university's international position and driving sustainable improvements in global performance. Keywords: UniMAP, International Collaboration, Tagline, Knowledge, Sincerity, Excellence, Technical Education, Global Performance

Alhamdulillah, all praise to Allah and His Prophet, our 5th International Conference on Civil and Environmental Engineering for Sustainability (IConCEES 2019) was successfully organised. This biannual event was organized by Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built Environment (formerly known as Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering) as a platform for scientists, researchers and engineers to share their knowledge, expertise and experiences as well as current research outcome in creating sustainable and environmental friendly world. The conference theme of “Today’s Sustainable Engineering for a Better Tomorrow” really emphasises on green technology that enhance better future for mankind benefit. It can be described as the needs to prepare the world for future generation to continue the responsibility to make the world a better place to live. It is the desire of all population and generations that mankind will continue to exist and lead the world.In recent years, rapid development generally make life’s better In terms of how we live on daily basis, how much easier technology aided our lifestyle and increment in production efficiency. However, at the same time, our earth is paying the price for these rapid developments with more pollution arise, natural resources decrement and lots more. Through this conference, ideas, initial outcome, research products and green policies were coined and solutions to preserve our dying nature were recommended. Perhaps it can be further enhance to be applied and implemented globally. Thus, it is our duty to ensure that we conduct the necessary steps towards sustainability of the world in whatever discipline and role that we have.

The history of the Department of Architecture begins from the first days of the creation of Dnepropetrovsk Civil Engineering Institute (now − State Higher Education Institution “Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture”). For 90 years of its existence, the Department of Architecture has passed a large and important path for the Academy and, in particular, for the Faculty of Architecture, the Faculty of Industrial and Civil Engineering and the Faculty of Civil Engineering and Ecology, the path of its formation and development. The scientific research of the Department of Architecture were used in the design, construction and reconstruction of residential, civil and industrial buildings on the territory of all functional zones of many cities of the former USSR and current Ukraine. The developments of the department staff were introduced into the master plans of Moscow, Riga, Tallinn, Vilnius, Liepaja, Chisinau, Baku, Nalchik, Dnipropetrovsk, Ternopil, Khmelnytskyi, Ivano-Frankivsk, Uzhgorod, Lugansk, Sevastopol, Yalta, Kerch and many others. The research results were published in scientific collections, academic journals and in individual monographs, as well as discussed in conferences at various levels, held in countries around the world. The staff of the department took personal part in scientific conferences in Austria, Hungary, Spain, Sweden and the Czech Republic. More than 20 PhD theses have been defended under the guidance of the department staff. In the ranks of the department worked earlier and are currently working full and honorary members and corresponding members of such academies as: the International Academy of Life Safety, the Academy of Civil Engineering of Ukraine and the Academy of Engineering. At present, the staff of the Department of Architecture is spending a lot of efforts so that students and graduates of the Academy are proud of their Academy, and also performing competently and up-to-date work on reconstruction and new construction in any infrastructure facilities of modern cities.

1Department of Construction Technology and Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Saulėtekio Alėja 11, LT-10223 Vilnius, Lithuania 2Department of Structural Mechanics, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Veveři Street 95, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic 3Department of Structural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt 4Department of Labour Safety and Fire Protection, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Saulėtekio Alėja 11, LT-10223 Vilnius, Lithuania

Sustainability represents a commonly agreed global development goal. It aims at ensuring the quality of life on Earth for current and future generations. Sustainability should thus become the fundamental overarching concept for the efficient/high-quality design and operation of any product or service throughout its lifecycle—focusing on all three pillars of sustainability—social, environmental, and economic. Among the different socioeconomic sectors, dealing with the impacts that the construction sector has is fundamental, as it strongly contributes to many of the pressing issues that need to be addressed. Not only do we need to improve the economic, environmental, and social performance of our built environment, but we also need to be better prepared for new conditions that are appearing as a cause of global challenges (e.g., climate change). The importance of this approach is all the more clear in light of an increasing number of man-made and natural disasters occurring globally. Thus, current developments and changes in the environment and socioeconomic situation require improvements in the technology of different processes that are involved in construction projects. In this context, concrete is a particularly interesting material, because it has a great potential for new technical solutions meeting new requirements, leading to the necessary reduction of environmental impacts and at the same time improvement of social and economic conditions, including safety and reliability during emergency situations. However, considering the huge volume of global concrete production and the negative impacts closely linked to its production, the overall environmental negative impact associated with the construction of concrete structures on a global scale is considerable. In view of the above global situation, it is of utmost importance to focus on the introduction of new production and construction technologies, advanced design techniques and efficient operation, maintenance, and recycling techniques of concrete structures. Concrete mixes, concrete products, and concrete structures should be designed to meet the requirements of sustainability—namely, to minimize their negative impacts and increase the positive impact on society, the environment, and the economy. This could be achieved by increasing the quality and durability of concrete structures throughout their life cycle, through (i) improvements in design methods, (ii) development of concrete mixtures, composite materials, and reinforcement methods, (iii) modernization of concrete technology, (iv) development of integrated design approaches, and (v) innovation in maintenance, repair, demolition, and recycling processes. This requires the involvement of all actors in the construction process, from material manufacturers, designers, and builders to users, and their conviction and initiative in the need to achieve better results in terms of sustainability requirements. This special theme of Structural Concrete journal: Sustainability of Concrete Structures collects a selection of contributions related to different aspects of sustainability showing potential of concrete structures to contribute to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set by the United Nations in 2015 as an action plan until 2030. The content of this special theme volume covers issues related to Life Cycle Assessment of concrete structures, carbon neutrality, use of recycled concrete and other recycled components, optimization of concrete structures, and many other issues bringing the contribution of concrete research and development to SDGs. We trust that the presented selection of articles is of interest to the concrete community focusing on the development of concrete structures toward a sustainable and resilient built environment as a contribution for future generations. Petr HajekDepartment of Architectural Engineering,Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic; Member of fib COM7, Convener of fib TG7.1: Sustainable Concrete—general framework; Member of fib COM10, TG10.1: Model Code 2020; Member of TG6.3:Sustainability of structures with precast elements and TG1.5:Structural sustainability. Albert de la Fuente AntequeraAssociate Professor, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain. Nikola TošićUniversitat Politècnica de Catalunya—BarcelonaTECH (UPC), Barcelona, Spain. Irene JosaDepartment of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, University College London (UCL), London, UK. Petr Hajek, Department of Architectural Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic; Member of fib COM7, Convener of fib TG7.1: Sustainable Concrete—general framework; Member of fib COM10, TG10.1: Model Code 2020; Member of TG6.3: Sustainability of structures with precast elements and TG1.5: Structural sustainability. Albert de la Fuente Antequera, Associate Professor, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Jordi Girona 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain. Nikola Tošić, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya—BarcelonaTECH (UPC), Jordi Girona 1–3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain. Irene Josa, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, University College London (UCL), London, UK.

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PREFACE – SEPKA ISEED 2018SEPKA-ISEED is an annual international joint conference between the Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia and the National Institute of Technology (NIT), Kagoshima College, Japan. The conference focusing on various branches of civil engineering and technology, as well as other science fields. This joint conference has provided an exchange platform for the participants from different backgrounds to meet and share ideas, achievements as well as experiences through the presentations and discussion. These events are important to promote and encourage the application of new techniques to practitioners as well as enhancing the knowledge of participants with the current requirements of analysis, design and development of any science and technology project worldwide.This year, the Faculty of Civil Engineering, UTM had organized SEPKA-ISEED 2018 in collaboration with National Institute of Technology (NIT), Kagoshima College, Japan with the theme of “A Spectrum of Opportunities”. The theme expresses a diversity of science and technology breakthrough in terms of approaches and methods, advanced technology, professionalization, experiences, and culture. This year, SEPKA-ISEED 2018 extends its interest into a broader range of science fields and aims to transverse engineering with other branches of science. Integration of branches in sciences knowledge could improve the scientific finding and research performance. Seminars and symposium are functioning as a platform to recommend any appropriate remedial action for the implementation and enforcement of policies related in science and technology to address yet innovatively solving problems. This joint conference serves as a medium for students, researchers, engineers and academicians to meet and share ideas, achievements as well as experiences through the presentations and discussion on the other hand, another importance of this program is it provides an opportunity for students to publish their research findings.List of editors are available in this pdf.

The international collaboration between the TVET Center of Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) and the Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara (FT-UISU) aims to strengthen ASEAN regional synergy through a Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET)-based community service program. This initiative focuses on empowering local communities through technical training relevant to industry needs while fostering stronger connections between academia, industry, and society. Key programs include training in 3D design, digital printing, and workshops on basic automation and the Internet of Things (IoT). The collaboration not only enhances local skills but also broadens the international academic networks of both institutions, contributing to the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Challenges such as differences in curriculum systems and cross-border logistics were successfully overcome through intensive communication and shared commitment. Moving forward, both institutions aim to expand this collaboration through the development of joint TVET curricula, student and faculty mobility, and community-based research projects.

The remarkable growth of electronic data in the Mathematics department provides the opportunities to extract some meaningful information from this large capacity of data. The development of the data in the mining field ensures the educational data to improve the quality of the educational processes and to classify the components that affected the performance of the students in engineering statistics course. Thus, in this study, Kanri Distance Calculator (KDC) was utilized to analyze the performance of undergraduate students in Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) during the academic session 2015/2016 in semester 2. The performance of the students was evaluated based on two aspects. First, the academic achievement of the students from the engineering statistics course during semester 2 2015/2016 was analyzed. Second, the possible variables that affect the performance of students in this course were classified. Thus, in this study, two significant groups of students were recognized i.e. (i) the students who achieved below 60% average, and (ii) the students who achieved above 60% average that can be referred as off-target and target group respectively. Based on the analysis of this study, the two variables (i.e. variables X3 and X7) affect the performance of the students and cause the students to obtain average marks lower than 60%. The results indicate that, by focusing on the possible variables that affect the academic performance of the students, it is possible to provide an appropriate warning and support to the students below average achievement, and at the same time to provide advice and opportunities to high-performance students based on the past experience about the obtained components.

With great pleasure, we would like to welcome all delegates to our 2021 International Conference on Biomedical Engineering (ICoBE). ICoBE 2021 was organized by Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) as the main organizer and Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Japan and The Institute of Biomedical Engineering & Health Technologies, De La Salle University, Philippines as the co-organizers of this conference. ICoBE 2021 was held virtually at UniMAP due to travelling restriction issued by the government.ICoBE conference covers a wide range of current research areas which covers important elements in the related engineering fields. This conference gathers experts from different countries to discuss the state of the art and to present new research findings and perspectives. Four prominent keynote speakers from oversea universities and from industry were invited to share their ideas on current developments in these emerging and important topics. Our 85 participants came from several countries such as Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Japan and United Kingdom. There are 12 sessions for oral presentation, and the participant are given 10 minutes to deliver their works and 5 minutes for Q&A via Google Meet platform. All sessions went smoothly with minor issues such as participants mistakenly entering the session. We are sure all participants used this conference as a platform to present their work and address current problems in this challenging and promising field and subsequently create new avenues for the commercialization of new products.List of Photos are available in this pdf.

The purpose of this study is to examine the research data practices of engineering scholars, in order to identify opportunities where library services and resources can support the data curation and management practices of aerospace engineering faculty as well as civil engineering faculty. As the academic library transforms from a space to house print books into a place that evolves to meet the changing research, teaching, and learning needs of the institute, one area rapidly evolving is in the area of research data management, storage, and sharing. Federal agencies, institutions, and publishers are increasingly encouraging or requiring researchers to adhere to policies for storing and sharing their research data. In recent years, university librarians have seen this as an opportunity to provide expertise to their respective research faculty communities. The authors conducted a series of semi-structured interviews of selected faculty members in the School of Aerospace Engineering. The authors asked interviewees sets of questions relating to their practices in working with their own research data as well as data generated by others, such as: How do the faculty acquire it? What tools do they use to analyze it? How are data stored, and in what formats? Are there any protocols or policies in place? What are the biggest challenges that they see now, as well as in the future? The interviews were recorded and subsequently transcribed and anonymized. Results will be qualitatively analyzed using grounded theory methodology, with coding schemas devised by the authors based on close transcript analysis. The findings from this analysis will be compared to findings from a similar study conducted in 2018 of civil engineering faculty at the institute. This paper explores the needs of aerospace engineering faculty with respect to such academic research data topics as: data generation, use, analysis, management, and curation. Further, this paper will compare these findings with a similar study that was previously conducted with the civil engineering faculty through a project with the Ithaka S+R organization, identifying similarities and differences in practice between aerospace engineers and civil engineers. This study will address such questions as to whether the qualitative findings indicate a changing need for data storage at the institute level, and whether the qualitative findings imply a need for library engagement with faculty to provide and promote specific data expertise and services. Future trends will be summarized as well. The result might be useful for librarians who work with engineering faculty especially regarding research data. A selective literature review on research data resources and services preferred, required, or requested by engineering faculty at institutes of higher learning will be included.

Welcome to The 2020 International Conference on Science in Engineering and Technology (ICoSiET), online held 21-22 October, 2020. The 2020 International Conference on Science in Engineering and Technology (ICoSiET) is an international conference which covers Science and applied engineering and technology. ICoSiET 2020 will be held on October 21-22, 2020 in Palu, Indonesia. This conference hosted by Universias Tadulako and is jointly organized with Association for Scientific Computing Electronics and Engineering (ASCEE), Universitas Islam Alauddin Makassar, Universitas Negeri Malang, Universitas Mulawarman, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, and Universitas Lambung Mangkurat. This conference is IOP conference so that papers accepted and presented will be forwarding for consideration to be published in the IOP Material Science and Engineering. Thanks are due to Keynote Speakers, Prof. Dr. Zhen-jiang Shen (Faculty of Geosciences and civil Engineering, Institute of Science and Engineering Kanazawa University, Japan), Prof. Dr. Richard Sliuzas (Department of Urban and Regional Planning and Geo-Information Management Twente University, Netherland), Prof. Yandi Andri Yatmo., Ph.D (Department of Architecture Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia). Prof. Amar Akbar Ali (Department of Architecture Universitas Tadulako, Indonesia), and Dr. Diana Contrias Mojica, New Castle University, UK)This year, the ICOSIET conference received 110 papers submissions from 106 countries such as, Bangladesh, China, Colombia, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Japan, Jorda, Peru, Philippines, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Thailand, United Kingdom, United States and Viet Nam. But only 68 papers were accepted for presentations for online sessions (the acceptance ratio is 65%). We are very grateful for the extensive efforts of many individuals who worked diligently to ensure a successful and high quality conference. We would like to thank to IPO, ASCEE, TPC Committee and Faculty of Engineering Tadulako University for supporting this event.Once again we would like to say Welcome to ICOSIET 2020. Congratulations for your papers have been accepted. We invite all participants to actively participate in the conference activities to learn from one another. Thank you for choosing ICOSIET as your conference reference. We hope to have your pleasant supports and participations in the next year 2021 7th ICOSIET.List of ICoSIET 2020 Committee, ICoSIET 2020 Editors are available in this pdf.