Preface

The Federal Institute of Materials Research and Testing (BAM) – 150 Years of Enabling Scientific and Technological Breakthrough

Machine learning for advanced energy materials

Encouraged by the successes of the previous four International Conference on Materials for Advanced Technologies (ICMAT) conferences in 2001, 2003, 2005 and 2007, MRS-Singapore in association with National University of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Institute of Materials Research and Engineering and many other national and international institutes organised ICMAT 2009 from 28 June to 3 July 2009 at the SUNTEC Singapore International Convention and Exhibition Centre. On 28 June 2009, the conference started with traditional inaugural event followed by a plenary talk by Prof. Peter Gruenberg, a Noble Laureate in Physics. There were more than 2,000 members of the international scientific and materials research community representing over 40 countries that attended 23 Symposia covering many frontier areas in materials science and technology. The overall level of participation in this conference was of an exceptionally high standard as evidenced by the participation of various Nobel Laureates who gave plenary and public lectures, distinguished keynote and invited speakers. The Symposium F on “Nanostructured Materials for Electrochemical Energy Systems: Lithium Batteries, Supercapacitors and Fuel Cells” provided an excellent opportunity for interdisciplinary forum addressing recent trends of science and technology related to materials for electrochemical power sources. It had attracted large participation of up to 150, including 41 invited talks, 60 oral presentations and 50 poster presentations. The talks were classified under three broad categories, which are as follows: electrodes (cathodes and anodes) and electrolytes of lithium batteries, supercapacitors and fuel cells. To manage such large number of presentations, two parallel sessions were scheduled, one dealing with largely lithium batteries and the other addressing fuel cells and supercapacitors. Two best poster awards were given based on the recommendation of jury members. On behalf of the organising committee, we would like to thank all the invited speakers, session chairs and Palani Balaya, San Ping Jiang, Atsuo Yamada, and BVR Chowdari are the Organizing Committee members of Symposium–F, ICMAT 2009.

PrefaceThis issue of Proceedings gathers the papers presented at 2018 International Conference on Advanced Electronic Materials, Computers and Materials Engineering (AEMCME 2018) held on September 14-16, 2018 in National University of Singapore, Singapore. AEMCME is an international conference covering research and development in the field of advanced electronic materials and computers and allow the participation from all over the world.More than 400 papers were submitted on the conference, and AEMCME finally accepted 280 papers after a double blinded peer review process by international reviewers and technical program committee members. Divided into 4 chapters, the papers provide a wide spectrum of researches on wide range of advanced electronic materials and computers. The chapters are devoted to Advanced Electronic Materials, Computers, Information Engineering and Application, Materials Physics, Chemistry and Engineering, as well as Power, Energy Systems and Engineering. Specific research results by conference participants were presented and examined in the light of the frameworks outlined above, which is of interest to academics, researchers and professionals in this field.Three keynote speeches were presented from Prof. Hao Gong, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Prof. Alfonso Maffezzoli, University of Salento, Italy; Prof. X.H. Zhu, Sichuan University, China separately. All the talks were very impressive for the high level of professionalism, and in many cases original ideas and activities have been accomplished or proposed.List of committees are available in this pdf.

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering is publishing a volume of conference proceedings that contains a selection of papers presented at the 5th Global Conference on Materials Science and Engineering (CMSE 2016).CMSE 2016, organised by Wuhan Advance Materials Society and Taiwan Tunghai University, technically supported by Hubei University and Taiwan National Central University, was successfully held at Tunghai University in Taichung City, Taiwan during November 8th-11th, 2016.CMSE is an annual event which has been started in 2012. This Conference aims to bring together leading academic scientists, researchers and scholars from interdisciplinary fields to exchange and share their experience and research results on all aspects of Materials Science and Engineering, and discuss the practical challenges encountered and the solutions adopted.Located in the subtropical ocean, Taiwan offers comfortable weather, fluctuates during spring and winter, while in summer and autumn the weather is relatively stable, turns out to be an ideal meeting place for domestic and overseas participants of this annual international conference.The conference program included keynote presentations, special sessions, oral and poster contributions. From several hundred submissions, 29 most promising and IOP mainstream-relevant contributions were included in this volume, which present original ideas or results of general significance supported by clear reasoning and compelling evidence, and methods, theories and practices relevant to the research. The authors state clearly the problems and the significance of their research to theory and practice.The organisation of this conference and the preparation of proceedings volume would not be possible without the tremendous efforts and dedication of many individuals, especially of the CMSE Conference Secretary Ms. Liu Qin, who oversaw the organisation of the conference and the program, and a large team of reviewers with their timely submission of quality reports. We express our sincere thanks to the authors of all accepted papers for their high quality and fruitful contributions. We also express our gratitude to Editor Anete Ashton and all the Editorial Board members of IOP Publishing for their support in producing the proceedings of this event. We do hope that this volume will be beneficial for readers to their future research endeavours and careers.Prof. Filippo BertoRenowned Chair of Fatigue and FractureNorwegian University of Science and Technology, NorwayDr. Alexander KhotsianovskyManaging Editor of Strength of MaterialsPisarenko Institute of Problems of Strength of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ukraine

Numerous riser, mooring, pipeline, subsea, and topside components made of polyester, titanium, glass/epoxy, and glass/carbon/epoxy materials are commercially available or in the process of qualification for offshore use. These advanced material components have potential to extend capabilities of existing platform concepts such as Semisubmersibles, TLPs, FPSOs and SPARs. Emerging field development concepts such as deepwater subsea processing and long tie-backs, new floating platform designs (variations of TLP and Spar concepts), new riser systems (submerged platforms, free standing riser towers, and buoyancy systems) may also benefit from the advanced materials components. This paper summarize technical and commercial issues in integration of advanced material components to offshore field development. Introduction As the offshore industry moves aggressively to pursue deeper water developments, composite materials are finding a wide range of new applications for both topside and subsea structures. The number and volume of composite material applications will continually increase provided that the composite industry responds to the unique challenges of the offshore industry. Offshore industry acceptance of these components depends on exploiting the potential of advanced materials to increase the platform performance and cost effectiveness, and to reduce technical risks compared to steel component counterparts. When favorable combinations of these factors exist, technological, economical, and regulatory barriers can be overcome. The relationship among risk, cost, and performance in commercial applications of advanced materials is illustrated in Figure 1. Performance. All commercially available and emerging advanced material components offer superior performance characteristics when compared to their steel counterparts. The performance advantages are typically combinations of lower weight, higher strength, higher fatigue resistance, higher durability, and enhanced corrosion resistance. Constituent properties, along with the design-to-fit characteristics of the advanced materials, are the main reasons for this increase in performance. The performance improvement can be at the component level, such as a corrosion resistant firewater pipe or a keel joint, or at the system integration level where the weight savings and superior performance of individual components allows potential cost and performance benefits in associated platform systems. Light weight composite TLP tendons and risers, for example, may allow significant downsizing of the TLP. Figure 1. Advanced materials technology drivers for offshore applications (Available in full paper) Cost. Although advanced material components are typically more expensive than their steel counterparts, the added costs are often justified by improvements in component or system performance. For deepwater platforms, the cost benefit of advanced materials can be significant when evaluated at the system level. Weight savings in the risers, tendons, and mooring components will lead to more cost-effective floating platform designs. Risk. Offshore industry acceptance of advanced material components is directly related to operational risks. For low risk applications, such as certain topside components, it is easier to address regulatory concerns and to overcome the technical challenges of replacing steel components. For highrisk applications, such as moorings and risers, the regulatory requirements are more stringent, making already significant technical challenges even more difficult. The three drivers (performance, cost, and risk) of offshore advanced materials technology are combined in Figure 1 to ge

Efficient energy storage systems represent a critical technology across many sectors including consumer electronics, electrified transportation, and a smart grid accommodating intermittent renewable energy sources. Arguably, the most important advance in energy storage over the past three decades is the lithium-ion battery, which was recently recognized with the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. However, despite its many successes, issues related to safety, energy density, charging time, and operating temperature range have hindered the realization of the full potential of lithium-ion battery technology, particularly in large-scale applications such as grid-level storage and full electrification of transportation networks. Nanostructured materials were once thought to present compelling opportunities for next-generation lithium-ion batteries, but inherent problems related to high surface area to volume ratios at the nanometer-scale (e.g., undesirable surface chemical interactions between electrodes and electrolytes) have impeded their adoption for commercial applications. This talk will explore how the chemical inertness of select two-dimensional (2D) materials are driving a resurgence in nanostructured lithium-ion battery materials [1]. For example, conformal graphene coatings on lithium-ion battery cathode powders mitigate surface degradation and minimize the formation of the solid electrolyte interphase, thus improving cycling stability [2]. In addition, the high electrical conductivity of graphene reduces cell impedance, resulting in enhanced kinetics that enable high-rate capability and low-temperature performance down to –20 °C [3]. On the other hand, ionogel electrolytes based on ionic liquids and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) nanoplatelets provide safe, high-rate operation at high temperatures up to 175 °C, which represents the highest operating temperature to date for solid-state lithium-ion batteries [4,5]. The strong interfacial interactions between hBN and ionic liquids further enable novel electrolyte architectures based on layered heterostructure ionogels that result in unprecedently high energy densities and rate performance for solid-state batteries [6].[1] H. Bergeron, et al., Chemical Reviews, 121, 2713 (2021).[2] K.-Y. Park, et al., Advanced Energy Materials, 10, 2001216 (2020).[3] K.-Y. Park, et al., Advanced Materials, DOI: 10.1002/adma.202106402 (2021).[4] W. J. Hyun, et al., ACS Nano, 13, 9664 (2019).[5] W. J. Hyun, et al., Advanced Energy Materials, 10, 2002135 (2020).[6] W. J. Hyun, et al., Advanced Materials, 33, 2007864 (2021).

It is a great privilege and honor for me to serve as the Editor-in-Chief of Advanced Materials Science and Technology (AMST). I want to express my heartfelt thanks to the editorial team for their efforts to make the journal going to the success. AMST, founded in 2019, is publishing research papers of high quality in the field of materials science and technology. Materials science and industry are entering a new era of green, high-end and intelligent, under pressure from the global community on the environment and energy needs[1-3]. Many countries are developing strategies for clean energy and low-carbon innovation. This depends to a great extent on the innovation research of new materials, functional materials and intelligent materials and development of related science and technology[4,5]. It is under such background and requirement that our journal, AMST, was founded and is fast growing, providing a platform to the scientific community for the exchange of knowledge about the chemistry and technology of new materials, especially to the increasingly inter- and multidisciplinary nature of materials-based research. Our journal is to give some insight into the opportunities and challenges related to advanced materials science and technology, and to call on more researchers participating actively in and sharing the chance. AMST is serving our readers with high level papers under our rigorous but fair peer-review procedures, and publish on a not-for-profit basis for the benefit of the scientific community. Indeed, we try our best to take the journal forward to continue growing as a trusted and respected gold open access venue for the publication of high quality, impactful results on the frontiers of materials-based research. We hope you enjoy this rising star in materials research as much as we do, and wonderful future issues is coming.

Once fundamental scientific laws are understood, engineering technology depends on advances in materials – materials science – more than any other factor. Historically, ages have been named for the most advanced materials technology available: Stone Age, Bronze Age, Iron Age. If you look around the room you are in, you will recognize that our current age is the age of manufactured materials: plastics, ceramics, acrylics, polyester fibers, etc. Underlying the “Information Age” are the advances in electronic materials that have made possible the computers, displays, and communications equipment that enable information transfer and processing. Selecting materials with desirable properties and then processing to enhance these properties is now standard practice. The next generation of materials will include nanoscale manipulation and fabrication of materials unlike anything found in nature. These new nanomaterials can be predicted to have properties exceeding any currently available materials.

Solar Turbines Incorporated (Solar), under cooperative agreement number DE-FC26-0CH11049, has conducted development activities to improve the durability of the Mercury 50 combustion system to 30,000 hours life and reduced life cycle costs. This project is part of Advanced Materials in the Advanced Industrial Gas Turbines program in DOE's Office of Distributed Energy. The targeted development engine was the Mercury{trademark} 50 gas turbine, which was developed by Solar under the DOE Advanced Turbine Systems program (DOE contract number DE-FC21-95MC31173). As a generator set, the Mercury 50 is used for distributed power and combined heat and power generation and is designed to achieve 38.5% electrical efficiency, reduced cost of electricity, and single digit emissions. The original program goal was 20,000 hours life, however, this goal was increased to be consistent with Solar's standard 30,000 hour time before overhaul for production engines. Through changes to the combustor design to incorporate effusion cooling in the Generation 3 Mercury 50 engine, which resulted in a drop in the combustor wall temperature, the current standard thermal barrier coated liner was predicted to have 18,000 hours life. With the addition of the advanced materials technology being evaluated under this program, the combustor life is predicted to be over 30,000 hours. The ultimate goal of the program was to demonstrate a fully integrated Mercury 50 combustion system, modified with advanced materials technologies, at a host site for a minimum of 4,000 hours. Solar was the Prime Contractor on the program team, which includes participation of other gas turbine manufacturers, various advanced material and coating suppliers, nationally recognized test laboratories, and multiple industrial end-user field demonstration sites. The program focused on a dual path development route to define an optimum mix of technologies for the Mercury 50 and future gas turbine products. For liner and injector development, multiple concepts including high thermal resistance thermal barrier coatings (TBC), oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) alloys, continuous fiber ceramic composites (CFCC), and monolithic ceramics were evaluated before down-selection to the most promising candidate materials for field evaluation. Preliminary, component and sub-scale testing was conducted to determine material properties and demonstrate proof-of-concept. Full-scale rig and engine testing was used to validated engine performance prior to field evaluation at a Qualcomm Inc. cogeneration site located in San Diego, California. To ensure that the CFCC liners with the EBC proposed under this program would meet the target life, field evaluations of ceramic matrix composite liners in Centaur{reg_sign} 50 gas turbine engines, which had previously been conducted under the DOE sponsored Ceramic Stationary Gas Turbine program (DE-AC02-92CE40960), was continued under this program at commercial end-user sites under Program Subtask 1A - Extended CFCC Materials Durability Testing. The goal of these field demonstrations was to demonstrate significant component life, with milestones of 20,000 and 30,000 hours. Solar personnel monitor the condition of the liners at the field demonstration sites through periodic borescope inspections and emissions measurements. This program was highly successful at evaluating advanced materials and down-selecting promising solutions for use in gas turbine combustions systems. The addition of the advanced materials technology has enabled the predicted life of the Mercury 50 combustion system to reach 30,000 hours, which is Solar's typical time before overhaul for production engines. In particular, a 40 mil thick advanced Thermal Barrier Coating (TBC) system was selected over various other TBC systems, ODS liners and CFCC liners for the 4,000-hour field evaluation under the program. This advanced TBC is now production bill-of-material at various thicknesses up to 40 mils for all of Solar's advanced backside-cooled combustor liners (Centaur 50, Taurus 60, Mars 100, Taurus 70, Taurus 65, Titan 130, Titan 250 and Mercury 50). This TBC coating system significantly outperformed all other TBC systems evaluated under the program. The initial field unit, with the 40 mil advanced TBC developed under this program, has far exceeded the 4,000-hour requirement of the program, accumulating over 20,000 hours of commercial operation at Qualcomm Inc. in San Diego, CA. The 40 mil advanced TBC remains in excellent condition, with no evidence of chipping or spalling. The engine will continue operation until the unit is due for overhaul at approximately 30,000 hours. The Oxide Dispersion Strengthened (ODS) alloy injector tip testing and evaluation was also successful, however, the ODS injector tip development on this program was terminated, primarily due to the fact that the Mercury 50 injector tip was redesigned (Generation 3) by Combustion Engineering.

An overview of the effect of stirrer design on the mechanical properties of Aluminium Alloy Matrix Composites fabricated by stir casting

The present volume of the IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Sciences participates in the 1st 2022 International Conference on Sustainable Environment, Development, and Energy (CONSER 2022) to be held in Sanur, Denpasar City, Bali, Indonesia on December 5 - 6, 2022. The conference with the theme of “Energy and Sustainable Environment” was organized by the Institut Teknologi Nasional Yogyakarta (ITNY), Indonesia and in cooperation with Naresuan University, Thailand and Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Perak Branch, Malaysia as co-organizers.The CONSER 2022 is the first series of conferences that brings together researchers from all over the world to present and discuss the latest research, contribute to sustainable environment, technology and sustainable development and energy resources, and encourage more research cooperation. The will of the authorities, together with the important role of scientists in creating various opportunities is to strengthen the research culture and downstream research outputs, ultimately solving problems in industry and society.The conference technical program includes five keynote speakers, invited speakers, oral, and poster presentations. Session tracks included Urban Studies and Sustainable Environment, Climate Change and Geosciences, Technology and Development, Material Science and Energy. The conference was attended by over 100 scientists and engineers from 20 countries with diverse backgrounds from academia, government, and industry in Asia, Africa, Europe and America. Oral presentations in hybrid format (offline and online) include 84 full papers, 15 abstracts, and 9 posters. All papers presented formed the core of the conference, focusing on the conference theme and providing many opportunities for discussion, ultimately leading to a sustainable environment and energy. Distinguished plenary speakers from five leading experts presented their outstanding research achievements in various areas of Environment and Sustainable Energy. This public lecture was held on the morning of the first day after the opening ceremony. Presentations cover a wide range of conference topics, from disaster management to new materials for energy. The keynote speeches and progress reports on their research build bridges between different subject areas in energy, climate change, economics, and urban development, and provide insight into new areas for non-experts. In addition to the main conference, awards have been given for the best paper, best presenter, and best poster.Papers for this conference have been selected following a rigorous peer review process. All papers were all reviewed by international and national peer reviewers, and a minimum of three reviewers were required to review each full paper. On this occasion, we would like to thank the organizing committee, authors, reviewers, and volunteers for their professionalism, and for always working hard to make the conference a success. Contributions and presentations also make this event a very exciting forum, adding value to learning, discussion and exchange of ideas, and to all speakers and authors meeting and interacting with old and new people from different countries. We would also like to express our sincerest gratitude to our sponsors: PT. Putra Perkasa Abadi for making this conference so worthwhile. We hope that future CONSER conferences will be as exciting as the last one, where the evidence of contribution shown through these proceedings is very promising.List of Wayan Suparta, Proceeding Editor, Member of Editor, Technical Programme Committee are available in this Pdf.

Aiming at increased performances for battery systems, lithium/sulfur technology (Li/S) is widely regarded as one of the most promising alternatives to lithium-ion systems. Although the cyclability of the best Li/S current prototypes needs to be further improved, the potentially superior expected energy density (400-600 Wh.Kg-1) explains the high attention that this technology has received over the last 10 years. 1 Different studies 2,3 have pointed out that both high sulfur loading and utilization are required to achieve the high energy and capacity targeted for Li/S cells. While this is a real challenge to achieve with classic aluminum-supported 2-D electrodes, several 3-D carbon-sulfur architectures have started to be explored. 2,4 Since the Li/S reactions involve solid-liquid transitions at the positive side of the battery, the pore volume and the active surface of the electrode available for the products deposition have been shown to be crucial parameters in order to optimize the battery performances. 5 To enable the transfer of these progresses from a laboratory to an industrial scale, the optimization of the cathode structures should be achieved with simple and cost-effective formulations, and with means of production possible to scale up. In this regard, printing methods have been increasingly investigated for the production of Li-ion flexible batteries, with performances of the resulting products which are comparable to the classic production methods. 6,7 In our work we therefore applied the printing techniques to the production of 3-D carbon-based current collectors for Li/S positive electrodes: different formulations based on carbon fibers and high active surface materials (VGCF®, Ketjenblack®, etc.) have been produced and tested in coin and pouch cells with metallic lithium as negative electrode. SEM and BET analyses have been systematically performed on the samples, and showed that the high flexibility of the formulations permits to tailor the bulk and surface pore distribution, and the active surface. The first electrochemical tests were performed in a “catholyte” configuration and have shown, for all the 3-D structures produced, promising results with respect to state-of-the-art references, with the reversible capacity being clearly oriented by the ratio carbon fibers/ high active surface materials. The use of carbon fibers and polymer binders provides the structures with a sufficient mechanical strength to be self-standing and to be used for an in-line printing process. These promising results on 3-D architectures pave the way for the first time to printable, Li/S positive electrodes. [1] O. Gröger, H.A. Gasteiger, J.-P. Suchsland, Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 162 (14), A2605-A2622 (2015) [2] M. Hagen, D. Hanselmann, K. Ahlbrecht, R. Maça, D. Gerber, J. Tübke, Advanced Energy Materials, 5 (15), 1401986 (2015) [3] M.A. Pope, I.A. Aksay, Advanced Energy Materials, 5 (16), 1500124 (2015) [4] S. Waluś, C. Barchasz, R. Bouchet, J.-F. Martin, J.-C. Leprêtre, F. Alloin, Electrochim. Acta, 180 (2015) 178-186 [5] Y.Ma, H. Zhang, B. Wu, M. Wang, X. Li, H. Zhang, Scientific Reports, 5, Article Number : 14949 (2015) [6] R.E. Sousa, C.M. Costa, S. Lanceros-Méndez, ChemSusChem, 8, 3539-3555 (2015) [7] K. Sun, T.-S. Wei, B.J. Ahn, J.Y. Seo, S.J. Dillon, J.A. Lewis, Advanced Materials, 25, 4539-4543 (2013) Figure 1

From the Classical Scheme to Asmart/Functional Materials System: A Generic Transformation of Advanced Materials Technologies

Data-driven probabilistic machine learning in sustainable smart energy/smart energy systems: Key developments, challenges, and future research opportunities in the context of smart grid paradigm