Road traffic flow estimation via public IP cameras

Nowadays internet video surveillance cameras are widely use in security monitoring. The quantities of installations of these cameras also become more and more. This paper reports that the internet video surveillance cameras can be applied as a remote sensor for monitoring the concentrations of particulate matter less than 10 micron (PM10), so that real time air quality can be monitored at multi location simultaneously. An algorithm was developed based on the regression analysis of relationship between the measured reflectance components from a surface material and the atmosphere. This algorithm converts multispectral image pixel values acquired from these cameras into quantitative values of the concentrations of PM10. These computed PM10 values were compared to other standard values measured by a DustTrak^TM meter. The correlation results showed that the newly develop algorithm produced a high degree of accuracy as indicated by high correlation coefficient (R²) and low root-mean-square-error (RMS) values. The preliminary results showed that the accuracy produced by this internet video surveillance camera is slightly better than that from the internet protocol (IP) camera. Basically the spatial resolution of images acquired by the IP camera was poorer compared to the internet video surveillance camera. This is because the images acquired by IP camera had been compressed and there was no compression for the images from the internet video surveillance camera.

Current advances in embedded hardware for mobile devices, jointly with new type of batteries that let smart phones have more power during longer periods of time, allow them to offer new services to customers. Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) is the Internet Protocol (IP) service that is experiencing highest demand. Many mobile telephone companies are adding this service to their supply. In this chapter, the authors show all steps to transmit the IPTV service from the provider to the smart phone. First, they introduce the current hardware and operating systems for smart phones. Then, they describe the main parts of the IPTV architecture and the main protocols used for IPTV transmission in order to show how it works. Next, the authors show where intelligent systems can be deployed in the IPTV network in order to provide better QoE (Quality of Experience) on the end-user side. Then, they discuss the limitations and requirements for IPTV reception on smart phones. Finally, the authors explain the IPTV implementation in smart phones and describe an IPTV player on Android.

Delivering TV services via internet protocols over high-speed connections is commonly referred to as IPTV (Internet Protocol TeleVision). A particularly interesting aspect of IPTV is the augmentation of the subscriber’s TV experience with interactive applications (apps). Due to the service-oriented infrastructure of many IPTV platforms it is fairly easy to integrate 3rd party services and expose them in form of IPTV apps. However, due to the very competitive market in which IPTV providers operate, they are forced to minimize their costs and thus avoid costly customer complaints. This in turn introduces the need for highly dependable IPTV apps/web services with minimal downtimes. This paper focuses on the development of dependable web services for IPTV. Using Brewer’s CAP theorem the paper investigates the role of state-management within web services and presents the idea of the Enterprise Resource Bus (ERB) and an evaluation of its Erlang implementation.

Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) is a service where digital TV signal data is delivered by using Internet protocol (IP). Telecom and network operators focus on IPTV service for its fastest growth, lower price for operators and market economy. With the improvement of broadband connection and technology, IPTV will get more and more importance. Main challenge for IPTV service is resiliency and Quality of Service (QoS) to meet the users Service Level Agreement (SLA). The design space for IPTV service in terms of resilient backbone design, routing algorithms and fast failure restoration shall be explored. It is described from DSL FORUM and leading IPTV service-providing companies. In the context of this work, the PIM-SSM was configured and QoS was implemented for tagged VLAN of multicast traffic. IPTV traffic is analysed in ACREO testbed and Norrksen network.Keywords: IPTV; QoS; Multicast; PIM; PIM-SM; PIM-SSM; VLAN.© 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i3.2633 J. Sci. Res. 1 (3), 495-507 (2009)

PurposeThis paper seeks to investigate the prospects for internet protocol TV (IPTV) from the social, economic and regulatory perspective to gain a better understanding of how IPTV will evolve and stabilize in next generation network environments.Design/methodology/approachQualitative and quantitative data were collected from multiple data collection methods. The analysis is based on theoretical frameworks derived from socio‐technical theories and web of stakeholder analyses.FindingsFrom the socio‐technical analysis, the development of IPTV implies that IPTV has been through internally‐driven change (more or less technology‐driven and regulatory‐constrained), but from now on it will likely be driven by external factors (market and user). The web of stakeholder analysis implies that the further development of IPTV in Korea is likely to comprise multiple stages, predicated by several significant events: the deployment of Broadband Convergence Network and FTTH, the resolving of content issues, establishing standards, and the introduction of new regulatory frameworks.Practical implicationsThe case of Korea offers implications for other countries that are pursuing IPTV development strategies.Originality/valueBy looking at IPTV as a sociotechnical ensemble, this paper seeks a firm understanding of the interaction among IPTV technology, its market, industry, and regulation regarding IPTV. A stakeholder analysis helps this study to address such interactions.

An artificial intelligence (AI)-based smart Internet protocol (IP) camera system for examination monitoring has been designed, realized, and rigorously tested under realistic environment. The purpose of the proposed IP cameras is to carry out real-time remote surveillance of the examination hall as well as store corresponding videos recordings in cloud storage. Internet-of-things (IoT) technology is used to remote access of the IP cameras and real-time video streaming on web-browser of any computer/smart phone connected to either internal or external network; a dedicated cloud service (named “remoteit”) is used for this purpose. Practically, 640 × 480 sq. pixels with 30–35 frames per second (fps) video capturing are used for the online streaming. On the other hand, compressed video size of 320 × 240 sq. pixels with 30–35 fps is used for recording and storing in cloud. In addition, a custom TensorFlow lite model has been built for detecting undesirable chaos in the examination hall, and a bulk short messaging service (SMS) application programming interface (API) is used to send real-time alert to the competent authority in order to initiate necessary action. In future, the proposed system may be customized for various other sectors for security and alerting purposes.

This paper sets out to clarify the confusion surrounding what Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) is by classifying three types of IPTV Computer Based IPTV, Partial IPTV and Full IPTV. By analysing the benefits and pitfalls of each classification a picture emerges surrounding the rich potential to develop additional services for Full IPTV when delivered over a fibre-to-the-premises (FTTP) network. Australia's commitment to invest in a FTTP National Broadband Network (NBN) offers the prospect of Australia becoming leading innovator in this field. Copyright 2010 Jeremy Weinstein. No part of this article may be reproduced by any means without the written consent of the publisher.

Openness has been added to IPTV (Internet Protocol Television) services in order for users not only to receive, but also to provide them. Open IPTV is expected to bring about great changes in the IPTV service area. Recently, mobility has also been added. However, because of its openness and IP network characteristics, security is one of the major issues hindering its commercialization. For IPTV, several security mechanisms for user authentication and content protection have been proposed to make the service reliable. However, these traditional security mechanisms cannot be adopted in the mobile IPTV area, because the security and system performance are influenced by numerous factors in the many-to-many environments. In our work, we propose a mechanism for secure user authentication and key distribution based on Kerberos for mobile open IPTV. Our proposal provides an efficient authentication process and the secure transmission of content among users, and further decreases the authentication time compared w...

Vehicular Networks represent one of the main topics in the communication systems area. Increased deployment of vehicular networks together with new possibilities for Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) services has spurred the interest in providing mobile IPTV via vehicular networks. Provisioning of IPTV services over vehicular networks can be expected to play a significant role in the next generation of TV systems. Users will choose IPTV based on the Quality of Experience (QoE). Among QoE measures, TV channel availability is one of the most significant. In this paper, we investigate the channel availability in IPTV services with different traffic intensity and a varying number of TV channels offered to find out the acceptable availability of TV channels or the Call Blocking Probability (CBP) in our study. Comprehensive experiments are carried out by means of our own simulation tool, i.e., a Monte Carlo simulator to conduct the evaluations for numerous scenarios taking into account realistic IPTV user behavior.

IPTV 멀티캐스팅 서비스에서 증가되는 네트워크 트래픽 로드에 따른 화상 품질 측정과 화상 품질 변화에 대한 연구는 IPTV 서비스에 대한 관심이 현실화됨에 따라 필요하게 되었다. 본 연구에서는 네트워크 트래픽 로드에 따른 화상 품질의 효과가 주어지는 네트워크 성능 요소의 최적의 값을 파악하기 위하여, 테스트 베드 네트워크를 통하여 테스트 하는 S/W를 개발하였다. 그리고 테스트 환경을 학교 네트워크로 확장하여 실제 IPTV 서비스 환경과 비슷한 학교 네트워크에서 네트워크 트래픽 로드 증가에 따른 IPTV 멀티캐스팅 서비스의 화상 품질 변화를 측정하고자 하였다. The research of image quality estimation standard and the image quality change according to the network traffic load increase at IPTV multicasting service is necessary because the concern of IPTV(Internet Protocol TV) service become active recently. In the research, for finding out the threshold value of network performance elements giving the effect to the image quality according to the network traffic load, we developed S/W to operate the test bed network and make the test scenario through test bed network test and then we expand the test environment scope to the college network and try to measure the image quality change of IPTV multicasting service according to the network traffic load increase at the college network similar to the real IPTV service environment.

Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) is a service to present digital TV over Internet. The IPTV network architecture consists of two main components: core network and access network. Many types of access networks can be used for IPTV including Ethernet PON (EPON). In this paper, a new mechanism is proposed for bandwidth allocation to various IPTV services over the EPON that decreases IPTV packet loss. This mechanism is implemented in optical line terminal (OLT) and weights are allotted to queues in the OLT to reduce packet loss. Then, weighted round robin (WRR) is used to scheduling IPTV packets.

The latest experiences hint that the QoS (Quality of Service) approaches adopted by IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem) technologies are still suffering from a primary containment factor due to the nondifferentiation between IPTV (Internet Protocol Television) video components. IMS system also cannot ensure high IPTV data transfer due to the limitation of available cellular bandwidth. In this paper, we try to merge the advantage of high bandwidth assigned to LTE (Long Term Evolution) and a new PHB (Per-Hop Behavior) that classify and differentiate between IPTV sub traffics by using IPv6 Flow Label. This new architecture permits high-quality IPTV video components with the capability to prioritize the sub traffic according to the network administrator policy. The proposed architecture is implemented using OPNET software. The results show that IPTV users receive high-quality video data with a change in quantity according to data priority.

Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) has transformed how people watch TV, offering flexible, affordable, and high-quality streaming over the internet.With hundreds of providers claiming to be the best, choosing a trustworthy IPTV service can feel overwhelming.This guide breaks down everything you need to know about the best IPTV service, including features to look for, device compatibility, trials, and apps.Whether you're a beginner or an seasoned streamer, this article will help you understand what is the best IPTV option for your needs and how to avoid common pitfalls. What Is IPTV and How Does It Work?IPTV stands for Internet Protocol Television, a system that delivers live TV channels and on-demand content through the internet instead of traditional cable or satellite signals. How IPTV Differs from Traditional TVUnlike cable TV, IPTV uses your internet connection to stream content directly to your device.This offers several advantages: Access to thousands of global channels On-demand movies and series Multi-device compatibility Flexible subscription plans Higher control over content selection Best IPTV Providers in 2026 Free Trials & Easy Installation Guides [KHW4013]

The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness on Korean consumers of pre-roll advertising via video on demand (VOD) in Internet Protocol television (IPTV) and mobile TV, and to compare the effects of pre-roll ads on VOD via IPTV and those in the mobile TV context. The results indicate that the intention to continue watching ads, viewers’ interest in the ads, and the usefulness of the ads were significant predictors that influenced viewers’ intentions to purchase the products being advertised on both pre-roll IPTV VOD and mobile TV. When comparing the effects on viewers of pre-roll ads shown on VOD via IPTV with those served in the mobile TV context, this study found that pre-roll ads shown on IPTV VOD were more credible and useful than ads viewed on mobile devices, and viewers had better recall of ads when they had watched them through IPTV. In addition, mobile viewers tended to find pre-roll ads on mobile devices more intrusive than those on IPTV VOD as a result of the extensive differences in viewing conditions between mobile devices and IPTV. This study suggests that contextual factors, viewing habits and conditions determined by the characteristics of a certain medium could be essential factors affecting advertising effectiveness.

Soon the days of separate transmission facilities for video will be over, and video will be just another traffic type in amultipurpose network. These networks today employ a variety of transport mechanisms, for historical as well as technicalreasons, and, at least experimentally, enterprises, network operators, and service providers are sending video over thesenetworks with their associated transport mechanisms. But video is not just a random bit stream, so it is natural to ask howwell the transport mechanisms perform when transporting video. In this paper we examine what video needs from capture toplayback and how these can be provided by the end system or the network using the MPEG transport stream, asynchronoustransfer mode, and the Internet Protocol. We concentrate on the Internet Protocol because of the opportunity for networkedvideo applications that its pervasion provides.Keywords: IP Video, IP Multicast, IP Premium Service, MPEG, ATM Video 1. INTRODUCTION As video becomes increasingly represented in digital form, it enters the networked world, in which it shares network facilitieswith other types oftraffic. It does so at a time of upheaval and transition in networking, on severn! fronts. High-bandwidthdigital networks reach more and more homes, and most of these employ cable television facilities. For these, the MPEGtransport stream carries MPEG-2 video along with its associated audio channel and also data. Digital subscriber lines, whilenot as prevalent as digital CATV networks, allow a few megabits of traffic (downstream anyway) and most commonly relyon ATM for basic transport. In the Internet and most enterprise networks, the Internet Protocol (IP)' dominates, and legionsof engineers worldwide strive to make IP the foundation for all data, voice, and video traffic.New advances in [P networking allow high quality video services for both continuous playback and interactive applications.The IP technologies facilitating support of high quality video on IP networks are: 1) dynamic algorithms used by videoterminals for smoothing jitter and clock slippage; 2) extended IP transport services providing reduced jitter, and 3) IPmulticast services for distributing broadcast video to large populations. This paper outlines a model for video transmissionover IP then contrasts the service to video transmissions over MPEG transport and ATM transport. We also consider theimportant role ofthe end system in augmenting what the network can do.1.1 Differences in VideoTo make sure we do not compare apples to oranges, we must keep in mind that there are different forms ofvideo, and this hasa bearing on the network transport. We assume that entertainment video is coded natively using the MPEG-2 programstream, requires 1 .5-6 Mb/s for sufficient quality, lasts from several minutes to several hours, conforms to a standard imagesize, and is used in urndfrectional applications rather than interactive ones; thus delay jitter is more important than absolutedelay through a network. Moreover, viewers typically pay to receive entertainment video and so demand high quality.Conferencing video is coded using the H.32x family of standards, requires from around 30 kb/s to over 1 Mb/s, takes ondifferent image sizes and aspect ratios, and because of its interactivity suffers in usefulness from absolute delay as well asdelayjitter. Quality is important but the viewer typically does not pay to receive the video and is therefore less demanding ofquality; also, the audio quality is usually more important because of the nature of the communication between live people.Web streaming