SACK+/CHOKe+: making a tradeoff between Efficiency and Fairness in Satellite Networks

Satellite Communication Networks System Systems for satellite communication networks include the technological set-ups and supporting infrastructure used for the transmission & reception of voice, video, and data signals. By utilising satellite technology to help with the transmission of information across several Earth locations, these networks enable long-distance communication. Ground stations, satellite systems, & user terminals are the main components of satellite communication networks. The importance of communication via satellite network structures in research cuts across several fields, underscoring the critical role they play. These systems play a crucial role in creating global connectedness and facilitating communication, highlighting the importance of this area of study. Satellite communication networks have a number of advantages, including the ability to connect to remote or inaccessible areas, abundant bandwidth capacity, and global coverage. They have several uses, including in remote sensing, disaster management, internet connectivity, broadcasting, and telecommunications. The Additional Ratio rating approach is a decision-making process used to evaluate and rank options by taking into account a number of factors. It comprises giving each criterion a weight and assessing how well the alternatives perform in comparison to a reference option. The ARAS technique calculates an overall score over each alternative by combining these weighted performance ratios. The choice with the greatest score is considered to be the best one. In situations where several criteria are present, the ARAS technique provides decision-makers with a systematic framework for efficiently evaluating and comparing alternatives. Laser communication, optical networks, satellite optical communication, vibrations, satellite networks Solar Radiation Pressure, Thermal Bending, Solar and Lunar Gravity, Micro Meteorite impacts, Earth oblations effects Through the rank table, we can get the rank of alternative parameters. Whereas satellite optical communication is in 1st position and satellite networks is in 5th position. First ranking satellite optical communication is obtained with the lowest quality of satellite networks.

Satellite communication networks, as an effective complement to terrestrial communication networks, enable global coverage communications. The Low-orbit satellite network has the characteristics of low transmission delay, short operation period and global coverage communication, it has become a popular research direction in satellite communication networks. With the continuous development of digital and intelligent communication in the world, satellite network services continue to expand, and higher requirements are placed on network transmission performance. The traditional single-structure low-orbit satellite network using centralized routing has been unable to meet current needs.. Therefore, with the low-orbit satellite network as the core, people have conducted in-depth research on satellite communication network routing algorithms that meet the requirements of high-quality, high-efficiency and largecapacity communication. Especially in the three hot issues of low-orbit satellite network routing algorithms, a lot of research results have emerged, including: QoS-based artificial intelligence algorithm routing algorithm; multi-layer satellite network routing algorithm; satellite network multipath routing algorithm. Through the analysis and discussion of these problems and achievements, the idea of combining the three algorithms on demand is proposed, and the challenges are analyzed.

Satellite communication networks have been widely used to provide essential communication services, including voice communication, global positioning, message communication, etc. However, sorts of network attacks are easy to be launched in these networks due to the limited computation capability and communication width, long communication delay, and intermittent link connection. In this paper, we first propose a new [E]ncryption-based [M]utual [A]uthentication and [K]ey [U]pdate (EMAKU) protocol in satellite communication networks. Next we analyze the security of the EMAKU protocol under two classic network attacks which are replay attack and man-in-the-middle attack. Finally, experiments show that the EMAKU protocol is 21.5% faster than the traditional encryption-based authentication protocols, and the average time of key update of the EMAKU protocol is about 450.01 ms.

With the wide application of satellite communication networks, it is of great significance to evaluate the efficiency of a satellite communication network rationally. This paper proposed an operational evaluation method for satellite communication networks based on AHP-BP algorithm. First, the satellite communication network is evaluated in a rough and fast way in which Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is used to label the data for Back-Propagation (BP) neural networks, and the training data set is derived. Then, the real training data set is built by combining the runtime data and the experience of experts. BP algorithm is used again to retrain the model based on the real training data set for correcting the evaluation result. The simulation result indicates that the AHP-BP algorithm is suitable for evaluating the satellite communication networks with its high accuracy.

This paper extends previous research efforts related to the simulation performance modelling and analysis of satellite communication networks. Specifically, the use of low earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks for personal communications is examined. Six different satellite constellation configurations are investigated in a packet-switched operating environment. Performance metrics examined are the end-to-end packet delay and the utilization of satellite channels in the dynamic environment. Realistic and accurate models of the physical satellite network and its terrestrial transmitters require that numerous operating characteristics and assumptions be specified. These are based on proposed design requirements of commercial systems, such as Iridium. Via the use of simulation, we show the relative delay and utilization performance of differing satellite network architectures. From these simulation models, mathematical metamodels are derived for the system delays. These innovative models are used to predict the delay performance of different network architectures not previously simulated. Comparison of these metamodels with simulation results show that metamodels provide an accurate means for performance prediction. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Satellite networks are one of the most emergent areas in commercial communication. Today about twenty serious consortiums (such as Iridium, Teledesic, Globstar, and Celestri) develop satellite communication networks. In the new generation of satellite networks, laser will be used as a communication link between the satellites in order to get wider bandwidth for the network backbone. One of the main problems of a satellite laser link is dramatic reduction of the communication performances for up to several milliseconds due to deviation of the pointing direction of the very narrow laser beam. The satellite mechanical vibrations cause this deviation. This fact is an obstacle in implementation of high QoS (quality of service) application in satellite network. In this research we propose the use of the diversity concept in order to overcome the vibration effect. A communication diversity means using a number of independent propagation paths for transmitting the same information. This concept increases the probability of receiving the information. We derive the diversity algorithm based on standard ATM (synchronic transfer mode). A practical satellite communication network performance based on our algorithm is presented.

We investigate a topological design and routing problem for low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication networks where each satellite can have a limited number of direct inter-satellite links (ISLs) to a subset of satellites within its line-of-sight. First, we model LEO satellite network as a FSA (finite state automaton) using satellite constellation information. Second, we solve a combined topological design and routing problem for each configuration corresponding to a state in the FSA. The topological design (or link assignment) problem deals with the selection of ISLs, and the routing problem handles the traffic distribution over the selected links to maximize the number of carried calls. This NP-complete mixed integer optimization problem is solved by a two-step heuristic algorithm that first solves the topological design problem, and then finds the optimal routing. The algorithm is iterated using the simulated annealing technique until the near-optimal solution is found. The link assignment table and the routing table that are pre-calculated off-line for each state are loaded into the satellites and a new set of these tables are retrieved at each state transition. The simulation result shows that the proposed method is applicable to practical LEO satellite networks.

This paper explores the challenges and constraints when over the horizon (OTH) maritime surveillance service utilizes an Internet of Things (IoT) as its backbone. The service is based on High Frequency Surface Wave Radars (HFSWRs) and relies on a satellite communication network as its communication infrastructure in harsh environments. The complete IoT OTH maritime surveillance network is currently deployed in the Gulf of Guinea, which due to its tropical climate represents an unfavorable environment for sensors and communications. In this paper, we have examined the service performance under various meteorological conditions specific to the Gulf of Guinea. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first analysis of IoT OTH maritime surveillance service in equatorial environment. Our analysis aims to mathematically describe the impact of harsh weather conditions on the performance of the service in order to mitigate it with careful overall system design and provide constant quality of the service. Analyses presented in the paper show that average service latency is about 90 s, but it can rise to about 120 s, which is used as a key information during the sensor data fusion algorithm design. Validity of the analyses is demonstrated through high quality of service with an outage probability of just 0.1% in the driest months up to the 0.7% in the rainiest months. The work presented here can be used as a guideline for deployment of maritime surveillance service solutions in other equatorial regions. Moreover, the gained experience presented in this paper will significantly facilitate future expansions of the existing maritime surveillance network with more HFSWRs. This will be done in such a way that it will not affect the quality of service of the entire system on a large scale.

Satellite communication plays a more and more important role in civilian communication and military communication with the explosive growth of requirements on information. It also means that satellite communication network must have a high survivability in order to provide satisfying services to its users. Network survivability reflects the ability of a network to continue to function during and after failures. Now, many papers give an analysis to network survivability for terrestrial networks and the papers studying network survivability for satellite network is few. This paper discusses the network survivability for satellite network based on Walker Constellation. Firstly, we analyze the features of topology of Walker constellation and the analysis method based on time segments is introduced. And then, the new survivability measure for satellite network is defined based on topology structure and traffic capacity. At last, survivability function for satellite network is introduced and some quantities of interest are gotten from the survivability function. Example of survivability performance evaluation of Iridium satellite network is presented.

Satellite communication networks with onboard processing (OBP) satellites can provide high-speed data transmission rates and global service coverage with reduced propagation delays. This article proposes a means of analyzing the quantitative reliability of the satellite communication network systems. First, we identify the four major factors that affect the quality of network services: the OBP states, uplink channels, downlink channels, and uplink packet collision losses. Based on these four factors, a Markov model is derived to analyze the probability distributions of various network states. Analytic results show the network reliability with respect to the OBP structures and space radiation environments. The relationship between network reliability and throughput according to the packet traffic load is also quantitatively analyzed. Finally, based on the developed model, a method is suggested for iteratively updating the reliability distribution of network systems affected by changes in the four factors as well as network access time changes. The numerical results show an indication of the satellite network reliability to provide references whether adjusted elements of the four factors are eligible to sustain reliable end-to-end services.

DirecPCTM’s Turbo Internet is a low‐cost hybrid (satellite‐terrestrial) high‐speed digital transmission system developed as a collaborative effort between the Center for Satellite and Hybrid Communication Networks and Hughes Network Systems. The system uses receive‐only VSAT satellite links for downstream data delivery and public telephone networks at modem speeds to provide the upstream communications path. One of the services provided is high speed Internet access based on an asymmetric TCP/IP protocol. In the initial protocol implementation, we achieved four times higher throughput than that of today high‐speed modems (28.8 Kbps) alone (Falk 1995). This throughput can be further enhanced. The mismatch in bandwidth and delay in this hybrid network prevents the full use of the satellite link bandwidth (1 Mbps). This paper presents two techniques, TCP spoofing and selective acknowledgment dropping, which significantly increase the overall throughput of the hybrid network. Our approach does not require any...

Day by day popularity of wireless devices used to access the Internet is increasing. It indicates that in the near future TCP protocol will be frequently used over the wireless links. The wireless links characteristics are significantly different from characteristics of wired links. TCP (Transport Control Protocol) is basically designed for wired network. One of the main reasons for TCP's degraded performance in wireless networks is TCP's interpretation that packet loss is caused by congestion. However, in wireless cellular networks packet loss occurs mostly due to high bit error rate, packet corruption, or link failure. As TCP is designed to use over wired network it needs to change when it is used over wireless network. Hence, various mechanisms were proposed to improve TCP performance over wireless links. TCP performance in wired/wireless networks may be substantially improved by modifying some of the algorithms used in TCP. This paper proposes a new TCP protocol named Modified-TCP (MTCP) that uses modified congestion algorithm, fast and local retransmission and SACK (selective acknowledgment). This makes the proposed protocol better suited in a wide range of applications in mixed wired and wireless links. This paper shows the results after comparing performance of MTCP with TCP over wired cum wireless network using network simulator ns-2.

Ultra-reliable secure data aggregation scheme with low latency for isolated terminals in 5G and beyond defined STINs

ABSTRACTSatellite communication technology solves the problem that the traditional wired network infrastructure is difficult to achieve global communication coverage. However, factors such as satellite orbits introduce frequent changes to the network topology, and challenges like satellite failures and communication link interruptions are prevalent. In the face of these issues, service function chain (SFC) migration becomes a crucial method for swiftly adjusting SFCs during faults, maintaining service continuity and availability. This article proposes a latency‐sensitive SFC migration algorithm tailored to satellite networks. The algorithm first models the satellite network as a multi‐domain virtual network, capturing the constraints faced during SFC migration. Subsequently, a deep reinforcement learning algorithm integrated attention mechanism is designed to more accurately capture and understand the complex network environment and dynamic satellite network topology and derive optimal SFC migration strategies for superior performance. Finally, through experimentation and evaluation of the deep reinforcement learning‐driven latency‐sensitive service function chain intelligent migration algorithm (LS‐SFCM) in satellite communication, this study validates the effectiveness and superior performance of the algorithm in latency‐sensitive scenarios. It provides a new avenue for enhancing the service quality and efficiency of satellite communication networks.

Satellite networks have unique advantage in applications like rapid deployment, situation awareness, and emergency response. The satellite network is often paired with terrestrial wireless networks to form a hybrid satellite-wireless infrastructure to support user mobility [Zhang and Dao, 1996; Dao and Perry, 1996]. However, the mismatches in characteristics of satellite and terrestrial wireless networks must be handled properly to allow effective utilization of available bandwidth, and timely delivery of highly relevant information. We have developed an Intelligent Information Dissemination Services (IIDS) model to address this. We believe it is the right model to support the dissemination and maintenance of extended situation awareness throughout such a network information infrastructure in a seamless manner.