Semantic web service offer discovery for e-commerce

The Web, as we know it, is a collection of human readable pages that are virtually unintelligible to computer programs. For that reason, it has been called the “eyeball” Web. While the Web emerged as a World Wide repository of digitized information, by and large, the very same information is not available for automatic computation. In recent years two parallel efforts emerged that have the potential of overcoming this paradox: the first effort is the Semantic Web which provides the tools for the explicit markup of the content of Web pages; the second effort is the development of Web Services which results in a Web where programs act as independent agents to become the producers and consumers of information and enable automation of business transactions.In this talk I will focus on research that attempts to bridge the gap between the Web as we know it, the Semantic Web and Web services. Under this approach, I propose the vision of Web services as autonomous goal-directed agents which select other agents to interact with, and flexibly negotiate their interaction model, acting at times in client server mode, or at other times in peer to peer mode. The resulting Web services, that I call Autonomous Semantic Web services, utilize ontologies and semantically annotated Web pages to automate the fulfillment of tasks and transactions with other Web agents. In particular, Autonomous Semantic Web services use the Semantic Web to support capability based discovery and interoperation at run time. A first step towards this vision is the development of formal languages and inference mechanisms for representing and reasoning with core concepts of Web services. DAML-S (the Darpa Agent Markup Language for Services) is the first attempt to define such a language. I will give a brief overview of DAML-S and its relations with the Semantic Web and Web services. In addition, I will provide concrete examples of computational models of how DAML-S can be viewed as the first step in bridging the gap between the Semantic Web and current proposed industry standards for Web services. I will provide concrete examples of DAML-S in action, discuss challenges still open in the bridging between the Semantic Web and Web services and provide a roadmap to get us from today’s Web to the Web of autonomous Semantic Web services.KeywordsFormal LanguageCore ConceptDigitize InformationAutomatic ComputationBusiness TransactionThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

Services are an increasingly important part of the Web, and they are a necessary component of the Semantic Web. Semantic Web Services (SWS) are a research effort towards automation of the use of Web services, enhancing existing SOA capabilities with intelligent and automated integration. Recently, we have introduced WSMO-Lite, a lightweight service ontology intended for semantic annotations of the Web Service Description Language WSDL. In contrast to preceding SWS frameworks such as OWL-S and WSMO, WSMO-Lite simplifies the semantic descriptions and enables bottom-up semantic annotation of Web services, but very importantly, it also relaxes the requirements on completeness of semantic descriptions, which enables building incremental layers of semantics on top of existing service descriptions. In this work, we describe various useful subsets of the extent of semantic annotation on Web services with respect to the requirements of SWS automation tasks; and we detail the means of validating SWS descriptions with flexible levels of strictness.

Summary form only given. The emerging concept of semantic Web services aims at more sophisticated Web Service technologies: on basis of semantic description frameworks, intelligent mechanisms are envisioned for discovery, composition, and contracting of Web services. The tutorial explains the current state of the art in semantic Web services on basis of the Web service modeling ontology WSMO and related initiatives. Commencing from the vision and arising challenges for semantic Web services, the tutorial in detail explains the specifications of recent frameworks for semantic Web services and presents the Web service execution environment WSMX as the WSMO reference implementation. The tutorial consists of three main sections that subsequently provide a complete overview of semantic Web services and the latest status of WSMO. The tutorial addresses academic as well as industrial researches and developers that are working with Web services and are interested in semantic Web services.

An weighted ontology-based semantic similarity algorithm for web service

The convergence of the Semantic Web and Grid technologies has resulted in the Semantic Grid. The great effort devoted in by the Semantic Web community to achieve the semantic markup of Web services (what we call Semantic Web Services) has yielded many markup technologies and initiatives, from which the Semantic Grid technology should benefit as, in recent years, it has become Web service-oriented. Keeping this fact in mind, our first premise in this work is to reuse the ODESWS Framework for the Knowledge-based markup of Grid services. Initially ODESWS was developed to enable users to annotate, design, discover and compose Semantic Web Services at the Knowledge Level. But at present, if we want to reuse it for annotating Grid services, we should carry out a detailed study of the characteristics of Web services and Grid services and thus, we will learn where they differ and why. Only when this analysis is performed should we know how to extend our theoretical framework for describing Grid services. Finally, we present the ODESGS Framework, which is the result of having applied the extensions identified to the aforementioned Semantic Web Services description framework.

Firstly, this paper expounded that the traditional searching based on keywords has a severe deficiency on Recall and Precision because the computer can't understand what information mean efficiently. In Succession, through extending from ordinary information to Geo-spatial information, on the support of geo-ontology theory and semantic web services technology, this paper discussed the principle, methods and application of ontology-driven geo-spatial information retrieving mechanism in semantic web. In other word, How to structure the framework for running this mechanism, how to build the ontology information models and how to establish the ontology-driven services models are discussed in detail in context. A design of systems for implementing the mechanism and experiment are given at the end of the text.

Semantic Web Services are the key technology providing services for the users' convenience in the semantic web environment. Many companies in various fields are researching and developing languages for constructing Semantic Web Services such as DAML-S, WSDL, X-LANG and BPEL4WS. DAML-S is a method that accesses the existing Web Service method from a semantic web environment. However, the current Semantic Web Services Discovery System does not provide sufficient processing of quality factors (performance, accessibility, availability, reliability and transaction) nor reliable and accurate service results desired by the user through a UDDi search method. The present study analyzes the disadvantages of the current web services and suggests a Semantic Web Services Discovery System based on QoS applying semantic web technologies as a solution to the problems. The suggested system provides a UDDi and DAML-S based discovery engine to allow efficient web service discovery and composition.

Semantic Web Services (SWS) aim at the automated discovery, selection and orchestration of Web services based on comprehensive, machine-interpretable semantic descriptions. The latter are, in principle, deployed by multiple possible actors (i.e., service providers and service consumers); thus, a high level of heterogeneity between distinct SWS annotations is expected. Therefore, mediation between concurrent semantic representations of services is a key requirement to fully implement the SWS vision. In this paper, the authors argue that “semantic-level mediation” is necessary to identify semantic similarities across distinct SWS representations. The authors formalize and implement a mediation approach based on “Mediation Spaces” (MS), which enables the implicit representation of semantic similarities among distinct SWS descriptions. As a result, given a specific SWS approach and the proposed MS, a general purpose algorithm is implemented to empower SWS selection with the automatic computation of semantic similarities between a given SWS request and a set of SWS offers. A prototypical application illustrates the approach and highlights the benefits w.r.t. current mediation approaches.

Semantic Web Services promise seamless interoperability of data and applications on a semantic level, thus turning the Web from a world-wide information repository for human consumption only to a device of distributed computation. To this end, appropriate semantic descriptions of Web services and intelligent mechanisms working on this need a solid foundation in terms of the underlying semantically-enabled communication technologies. Recent advances in middleware technologies propose semantics-aware tuplespaces as an instrument for coping with the arising requirements of scalability, heterogeneity and dynamism. An additional argument is that Semantic Web Services have inherited the communication model of XML-based Web services, which is based on message exchange, thus being a priori incompatible with the REST architectural model of the Web. Analogously to the conventional Web, truly Web-compliant service communication should be based on persistent publication instead of message passing. In this chapter, we present “Triple Space computing”, a Triple Space-based coordination middleware for Semantic Web Services. We take a closer look at the respective data, infrastructure and coordination models that enable the management of formal knowledge and that support the interaction patterns characteristic for the Semantic Web and Semantic Web Services. Applying Triple Space computing to Semantic Execution Environments and Service-Oriented Infrastructures is the second main topic of this chapter.

The growing proliferation of distributed information systems, allows organizations to offer their business processes to a worldwide audience through Web services. Semantic Web services have emerged as a means to achieve the vision of automatic discovery, selection, composition, and invocation of Web services by encoding the specifications of these software components in an unambiguous and machine-interpretable form. Several frameworks have been devised as enabling technologies for Semantic Web services. In this paper, we survey the prominent Semantic Web service frameworks. In addition, a set of criteria is identified and the discussed frameworks are evaluated and compared with respect to these criteria. Knowing the strengths and weaknesses of the Semantic Web service frameworks can help researchers to utilize the most appropriate one according to their needs.

The growing proliferation of distributed information systems, allows organizations to offer their business processes to a worldwide audience through Web services. Semantic Web services have emerged as a means to achieve the vision of automatic discovery, selection, composition, and invocation of Web services by encoding the specifications of these software components in an unambiguous and machine-interpretable form. Several frameworks have been devised as enabling technologies for Semantic Web services. In this paper, we survey the prominent Semantic Web service frameworks. In addition, a set of criteria is identified and the discussed frameworks are evaluated and compared with respect to these criteria. Knowing the strengths and weaknesses of the Semantic Web service frameworks can help researchers to utilize the most appropriate one according to their needs.

Description logic is used as the formal theoretical foundation of semantic web services, the paper analyzed description language of Semantic Web Services OWL-S, WSDL-S, WSML and SWSL. Give a formal definition of description about semantic web services, further Web services is interpreted with the semantic of description logic. The satisfiability and subsumption in description logic can be applied to inferring semantic web services. For further research semantic annotation of web services, relation between web services and services, reasoning problems for semantic web services, our work was important and fundamental.

Existing approaches to Semantic Web Services (SWS) require a domain ontology and a semantic description of the service. In the case of lightweight SWS approaches, such as SAWSDL, service description is achieved by semantically annotating existing web service interfaces. Other approaches such as OWL-S and WSMO describe services in a separate ontology. So, existing approaches separate service description from domain description, therefore increasing design efforts. We propose EXPRESS a lightweight approach to SWS that requires the domain ontology definition only. Its simplicity stems from the similarities between REST and the Semantic Web such as resource realization, self describing representations, and uniform interfaces. The semantics of a service is elicited from a resource's semantic description in the domain ontology and the semantics of the uniform interface, hence eliminating the need for ontologically describing services. We provide an example that illustrates EXPRESS and then discuss how it compares to SA-REST and WSMO.

This chapter explores the ongoing efforts to integrate Web services and the Semantic Web for the purposes of sharing knowledge, enabling access to services, and application integration in distributed clinical environments. Combining the Semantic Web and Web services in relation to the healthcare domain, results in Semantic Web services for healthcare, which will enable intelligent interpretation of healthcare data by services such as clinical decision support systems. Critical issues in ontology standardization and security are discussed. The multi-disciplinary problem of service composition is presented with emphasis on the role healthcare experts play in identifying value-added medical services.

Collaborative Virtual Enterprise (CVE) is a new paradigm for industry and it imposes significant challenges on effective operation. In this paper, we formalized a top-down methodology for designing and developing service-oriented CVE with rich semantic support. This methodology facilitates automatic execution of virtual business process via service composition. The semantic notion is emphasized as semantic web services technologies (i.e. OWL-S) have become an integrated and essential part of our top-down methodology. The methodology has been applied to manufacturing sector for a virtual enterprise which has the business proposition of effective and efficient business process. To our knowledge, this is among the first attempts to use Semantic Web and Web services technologies in such a scale and sophistication.