Social life cycle assessment: a systematic review from the engineering perspective

Current industrial production is driven by increasing globalization, which has led to a steady increase in production volumes and complexity of products aimed at the pursuit of meeting the needs of customers. In this context, one of the main tools in the management of customer value is Lean Manufacturing or Production, though it is considered primarily as a set of tools to reduce the total cost of the resources needed to achieve such needs. This philosophy has recently been enriched in the literature with case studies that link Lean Management (LM) with the improvement of environmental sustainability. The consequence is an expansion of the Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM); indeed, CIM, currently, combining and integrating the key business functions (e.g., business, engineering, manufacturing, and information management) with a view of the life cycle, does not highlight the strategic role of the environmental aspects. In order to deal with the increasingly rapid environmental degradation that is reflected in society, in terms of both economy and quality of life, Industrial Ecology (IE) introduced a new paradigm of principles and instruments of analysis and decision support (e.g., Life Cycle Assessment—LCA, Social Life Cycle Assessment -SLCA, Material Flow Account—MFA, etc.) that can be considered as the main basis for integrating the environmental aspects in each strategy, design, production, final product, and end of life management, through the re-engineering of processes and activities towards the development of an eco-industrial system. This paper presents the preliminary observations based on a analysis of both theories (LM-IE) and provides a possible assessment of the key factors relevant to their integration in a “lean environmental management”, highlighting both positives (lights) and possible barriers (shadows).

This article explains the need for the research in the field of engineering terminology, the process of teaching it in foreign languages, the comparative application of engineering terms in different languages and studying the development trends. Objective of the article is to describe the methodology of teaching mechanical engineering terminology on the basis of study research in the field of mechanical engineering as a complex of heavy equipment in industry that produces household appliances, as well as consumer electronics and products of defense importance. Methods of the investigation that enabled to: study and analyze mechanical engineering terms; develop methodology of teaching mechanical engineering terms; analyze selection and assessment criteria of case studies; analyze selection and assessment criteria of project-based teaching; organize pedagogical experiments and analyze their results. It is an integral part to investigate the sphere of machine-building and metalworking industries, the production of metal products, metal structures and the repair of machinery and equipment. Furthermore, the issues of teaching engineering terminology in order to form professional foreign language competence in technical students by means of using new pedagogical technologies are of high significance. Such as, typology of terms in the field of mechanical engineering, teaching terminology whereby case studies and projects, examples of case studies and study projects are given. It is also important to pay attention to the etymology and the sources of the formation of terms, their peculiarities and definitions in special contexts as a complex human speech and language activity. Results and discussion. The article discloses the processes of activating terminology for obtaining information, through cognitive activity. Research works in the field of mechanical engineering, the practical basis of teaching terms and its effectiveness are also analyzed. The terms, vocabulary related to the field of mechanical engineering, case studies and analysis of independent work assignments are taken into account in the organization and conducting the trainings defined in the pedagogical experiment. As a result of experimental research, it was proved by mathematical statistical methods that the efficiency was achieved by 15% in case studies and 17% in educational projects. It was found that the mean value of the scores in the experimental group was 17% higher than in the control group. Hence, the research conducted has proven to be effective. Conclusions. The difficulties that arise in the process of comparing terminological activities show not only the specificity of individual languages, but also the specific role of terms in the national language system. Comparing the terminology of the English and Uzbek languages in the field of mechanical engineering not only allows to determine the general and specific features of the terms of mechanical engineering in the two languages, but also provides an in-depth study of both terminological systems.

Mechanical and allied engineering have made significant contributions to technological advancement. Rapid development in technology can be achieved through continuous research. The Faculty of Mechanical Engineering of Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET), Bangladesh successfully organized the 8th International Conference on Mechanical, Industrial and Energy Engineering (ICMIEE2024), continuing its biennial tradition, on 02–04 January 2025 in Khulna, the industrial city of Bangladesh. The main objective of ICMIEE 2024 was to create an effective platform for researchers and technical experts to share their recent ideas, innovations, and problem-solving techniques in the broad fields of Mechanical and allied Engineering. The conference provided a valuable opportunity for both researchers and industrial communities to meet, discuss, and exchange their research outcomes in the fields of Mechanical, Industrial, Energy, Leather, Textile, Mechatronics, and Chemical Engineering.

Aim. To identify key features and trends in the process of trade in engineering products between Russia and Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries in 2020-2022.Tasks. To analyze the dynamics of Russia’s trade relations with CEE countries in the field of mechanical engineering (including electronics and electrical engineering) under sanctions; identify the main commodity groups in the structure of the mechanical engineering sector in trade between Russia and CEE countries; identify the impact of Western sanctions on trade in mechanical engineering products between Russia and CEE countries.Methods. The authors used such research methods as statistical analysis, observation, generalization, description and graphic modeling.Results. The results obtained in the analysis indicate that the export of machine-building products of CEE states prevails over the corresponding Russian exports to this region. The sanctions conditions have determined an unfavorable long-term trend in the trade of engineering products between Russia and CEE countries.Conclusions. The trade and economic indicators analyzed in this article have demonstrated a decline in the volume of trade interaction between Russia and the CEE countries in the machine-building sphere, especially the sharp decline in exports of the states of the region to Russia. Under the conditions of sanctions, both sides incur economic losses, which are higher for the CEE states. By freezing trade relations with Russia, the CEE countries are deprived of existing benefits and an occupied niche in the Russian market. Moreover, it will be difficult for the states of this region to find new markets for engineering products and to compensate for the losses due to the refusal of exports to Russia.

Hyperbranched polymers: Phase behavior and new applications in the field of chemical engineering

It is very difficult to build a knowledge base in the mechanical engineering field. Because there is a great deal of complicated knowledge in mechanical engineering in comparison with other engineering fields. To build a large knowledge base, much research to connect Data Base System (DBS) and Knowledge Base System (KBS) systematically has been conducted. DBS is suitable for storing much knowledge but is not suitable for the representation of knowledge. Therefore, we believe it is possible in the mechanical engineering field to realize DBS characters in KBS by using an extended deamon function and extended system slot. If this system is realized, KBS will be suitable for managing and representing knowledge, and it will be easy to build a knowledge base in the mechanical engineering field. This paper describes the method of building a large knowledge base in mechanical engineering using an extended daemon function and an extended system slot, and "the realization of such a knowledge base."

Additive manufacturing (AM) with high-performance polymers (HPPs) represents simultaneously one of the most desirable and challenging feats in the AM arena. The very properties that make HPPs so attractive in a broad range of applications also make them nearly impossible to process using common AM equipment. Furthermore, when AM is achieved, it often brings the caveat of compromised mechanical properties of the final parts, in comparison with those made via injection molding. The demand to have advanced fabrication methods, rapid prototyping, and customization of parts while maintaining high performance in the finished products has inspired creative innovations that integrate chemical synthesis, materials science, mechanical engineering, and other fields into a multidisciplinary approach to advance AM with the seemingly "unprintable" HPPs. In this Viewpoint, we summarize several standout developments in the area and offer our perspective on future directions and challenges.

With the continuous progress of science and technology, the mechanical field is also constantly upgrading from traditional mechanical engineering to the mechatronics engineering and artificial intelligence (AI) is one of them. AI deals with a computer program that possesses own decision-making capability to solve a problem of interest with imitates the intelligent behavior of expertise which finally turns into higher productivity with better quality output. From the inception, various developments have been done on AI system which nowadays widely implemented in the mechanical and/or manufacturing industries with broaden area of application such as pattern recognition, automation, computer vision, virtual reality, diagnosis, image processing, nonlinear control, robotics, automated reasoning, data mining and process control systems. In this study, review attempt has been made for AI technologies used in various mechanical fields such as thermal, manufacturing, design, quality control and various connected fields of mechanical engineering. The study shows the blend mixed of AI technologies like deep convolutional neural network (DCNN), convolutional neural network (CNN), artificial neural network (ANN), fuzzy logic and many more to control the process parameters, process planning, machining, quality control and optimization in the mechanical era for smooth development of product or system. With the implementation of AI in mechanical engineering applications, the error, rejection of components can be minimized or eliminated and system optimization can be achieved effectively turn in economical better quality products.

COMMENCING in October 1948, King‘s College, Newcastle upon Tyne, will offer a two-year postgraduate course in chemical engineering leading to the degree of master of science in chemical engineering of the University of Durham. The course will be available to graduates in mechanical engineering or to those who possess some equivalent degree or qualification. The opportunity has been taken to link With chemical engineering the teaching of fuel technology, which has hitherto been carried out by individual departments as required. The main subjects of study during the course will include, in the field of chemical engineering, materials of construction and the design of chemical plant, the flow of fluids and the transfer of heat and matter and the various unit operations. The fuel technology course will include the fuel industries, steam, power and industrial gases. A series of lectures will also be given on the economic, legal, health and safety aspects of chemical engineering. Practical work will be carried out in a new fuel technology laboratory and in a new chemical engineering laboratory which will house a number of small-scale plants.

A bachelor's degree in chemical engineering enhances one's capacity to adapt both hard and soft skills in the classroom and at work to the quick changes in technology and increasing competitiveness in the professional world. This motivates an individual who has graduated from chemical engineering to enhance the caliber of their work. Technology for simulation programming is one of the hard skills he needs to possess. In the realm of chemical engineering, these abilities encompass not only using Microsoft Office but also making objects work with other software. Through theoretical research on cases in the process industry, the simulation program is used. Prioritizing the operational foundation of an application is essential for work in the chemical sector. It is recommended that a graduate of chemical engineering possess software capabilities in order to facilitate their employment in the workforce. Basic requirements and increased proficiency can be supported by theoretical and data processing techniques. This article discusses the need for software skills in the field of chemical engineering, such as Aspen HYSYS, Matlab, AutoCAD P&ID, and Scilab, using a literature study methodology. This endeavor is a method of looking through library data for pertinent articles and then delving deeper into an article's content. The purpose of this article review is to balance hard and soft skills in order to determine how software is used in the field of chemical engineering and what is required in the chemical industry.

The primary aim of this chapter is to introduce the state of the art applications of the harmony search (HS) algorithm in mechanical, chemical and electrical engineering fields. The HS algorithm has been broadly utilized in complex optimization problems arising in most engineering applications. It has been reported to be a viable alternative to other conventional optimization techniques in these engineering disciplines. This chapter is intended to discuss the available literature in the field and to provide general information for those who are interested in optimized-design of thermal systems, economic utilization of electric power-systems and optimization of machining processes.KeywordsHarmony SearchHeat Exchanger DesignEconomic DispatchMachining Process

The 2nd International Conference on Mechanical Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2022 (ICMEAS – 2022) was a continuation of the previous endeavor dedicated to gather a significant number of diverse leading scholar, scientist, academician, researchers, industrial experts etc., together from different parts of the globe and exchange their experiences and researches. That conference offered a platform to junior researchers and scientist to have an exposure to a wider but uniquely intellectual community and have interaction with them. It gave an exceptional value for students, academics and industry researchers. The ICMEAS – 2022 also provided a premier interdisciplinary platform for researchers, practitioners and educators to present and discuss the most recent innovations, trends, and concerns as well as practical challenges encountered and solutions adopted in the fields of Mechanical, Manufacturing, Aeronautical, Naval, and Energy Engineering and other related fields. This conference was run both online and physical modes over a period of three days of time.The ICMEAS – 2022 conference was a great success with the relentless effort of each member of the organizing committee and active participation of the organizing partners, and spontaneous response of the scholars, researchers and scientist from around the world. The voluntary contribution of the scientific community in completing the rigorous peer review process was remarkable.It would not be possible without the unreserved patronization of the Commandant MIST and persistent conviction of the Chair, Co-Chair and Organizing Chair of the ICMEAS – 2022 conference. Last but not the least, contribution of all sponsors, particularly MJL Bangladesh Limited was undeniable to make that conference successful.List of Organising Committee, Advisory Committee, Scientific Committee, Publication and Technical Sub Committee, Reviewers are available in this pdf.

The principal objective of the present paper is to meticulously review the family of biomaterials used in implants. A spectrum of applications of biomaterials in the perspective of prosthesis is also presented. This paper also emphasises on the review of the recent advancements in the field of biomedical implants with respect to mechanical engineering perspective. The latest technologies such as finite element modelling of prosthetic implants, additive manufacturing of implants and certain experimental methods adopted in the field of prosthesis are discussed. Moreover, various models were modelled using SOLIDWORKS® 2022 modelling software and analysed using ANSYS® 2021 R2 finite element analysing software and implant models were additive manufactured to make this review more interesting and for better understanding. Overall, the latest technology in the field of mechanical engineering that fuels its impact in life-saving biomedical engineering has been discussed briefly.

The 2023 5th International Conference on Mechanical Automation and Materials Engineering (MAME 2023) was successfully held from 10th to 11th of June, 2023 in Hohhot, China. This conference provides a forum for scholars, researchers, postgraduate students, and practitioners in the fields of mechanical engineering, automation, control technology, materials engineering, and manufacturing engineering to share ideas, designs, and experiments. Welcome participation from academia, industry and government.
 The conference agenda will work as a competence platform, providing facilities for efficient communication to boost the mechanical science and materials engineering knowledge of young scientists and help them in their professional development. Young scientists will be given a unique chance not only to improve their presentation skills and public speaking abilities but to gain an experience of scientific publication.
 The importance of MAME 2023 lies in the need to create conditions for the recognition growth of young scientists in world scientific circles and increase in interest in their work, increase in the level of scientific publications of students, postgraduate students and young scientists, and increase in their quality. The exchange of experience in the field of professional interests with colleagues from foreign and scientific organizations will improve the qualifications of researchers and establish promising scientific contacts among young scientists.
 Scientific Committee of MAME Conference
 Hohhot, China

In view of the Zhejiang province industry characteristics and the demand for talents in the field of mechanical engineering, combined with our advantages, we put forward the orientation for training talent with the coordinated development of knowledge, ability and quality. This paper analyzes the training target and plan in the mechanical engineering, sets the practice links to cultivate the students' engineering consciousness, practical ability and innovation ability, and establishes the quality monitoring and evaluation system. On the basis of the intelligent manufacturing system, the intelligent plant experimental system based on industry 4.0 is developed. Taking the training target as the starting point, the complete system with the closed loops is formed, which is composed of students, graduation requirements, continuous improvements, curriculum programs, and supporting conditions. A mechanism for continuous improvement is developed, and a healthy cycle is entered into. So, the quality of engineering education is continuously improved.