System synthesis and processor selection in the S/sup 3/E/sup 2/S environment

What Next in Computer Technology?

7 - Analog Interfacing

The importance and relevance of the development of a joint Russian-Belarusian system of machines (RBSM) for the mechanization of agricultural production within the framework of the Union State is shown. The substantiation of the structure of the RBSM and the digital software and hardware complex for its implementation and information support is given. The calculation of the main logistics structures of the RBSM was carried out, the basis for the effectiveness of which will be the rational redistribution of programs for the production of new agricultural equipment within the Union State, the improvement of the material, technical and information support of agricultural producers.

This paper describes CODAC, a CAD tool for characterization and analysis of analog and digital circuits. It is based primarily on the industry standard electrical simulator, SPICE. CODAC provides a powerful C like language for specifying the characterization problem. In addition to providing an extensive library of built-in analysis functions it also supports a procedural interface that facilitates the definition of customized analysis functions. A capability to distribute in parallel the large number of simulation runs for an extensive circuit analysis (e.g. Monte Carlo analysis) is provided which significantly reduces overall cycle time. CODAC is being successfully used for circuit analysis and as a part of analog and digital library development flow at Texas Instruments.

Recently, there has been increased use of fuzzy logic in control applications. The kernel of a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is a fuzzy inference engine which includes the knowledge base, the decision making logic, and the defuzzification unit, as shown in Figure 1. For most of the reported applications, fuzzy inference algorithms of the FLCs were implemented in software and executed on a standard Von Neumann type processor or mucrocontroller. Although software-based FLCs are in general more economical and flexible, they often have difficulty in dealing with control systems that require very high processing and I/O handling speeds. For this reason, in the recent years, a number of hardware fuzzy inference systems have been reported or proposed [1–5, 7, 9–16] that reflect the diversity in fuzzy inference methods in technoloies related to hardware design. In general, analog hardware is relatively simple but lacks accuracy and reliability; on the other hand, digital hardware is accurate and reliable but is more complex and lacks speed if an iterative algorithm is unavoidable. In recent years, rapid advances in digital technology allow system designers to design custom computing machines based on a variety of technologies: full custom application-specific IC (ASIC), standard-cell, gate array, FPGA, programmable logic device (PLD), standard IC, etc.. Among these, FPGA is especially suitable for fast implementation and quick hardware verification. Besides technology alternatives, design decisions have to be made based on tradeoffs on performance, hardware resource anf flexibility. In general, higher performance can be achieved at the expense of more hardware resource and less flexibility.

Information Systems are a combination of hardware components and devices. Information Systems are a collection of integrated hardware and software components and have the task of collecting, storing and processing data so as to produce digital products for the availability of information for an organization. PT. Multi Citra Rasa is a B2B company operating in the F&B sector for the food service category. One of the problems that occurs in this company is the long follow-up between departments in the customer order process, this is due to the limited information obtained. System analysis was carried out using UML (Unified Modeling Language) on the Use Case Diagram. Use Case Diagram is used to generally describe the weaknesses of the system currently running at PT Multi Citra Rasa. Data was collected through an observation process in the field, then conducting questions and answers with the users involved and looking for several references that support this research. At the system design stage, researchers also used UML in Sequence Diagrams and Class Diagrams. UML is an object-oriented system modeling, where these objects will be realized on application pages that are synchronized with user needs. Meanwhile, Class Diagrams are designed to make it easier to realize database designs into basic forms of physical data, so that in the end data processing can run optimally and the information displayed is in accordance with user requirements. This research meets the needs of company management and provides convenience to all users involved so that operational activities become more effective and efficient in the future.

Capturing the evolution of logical objects and structures in a software project is crucial to the development of a high-quality software. This research demonstration presents an object-oriented approach to managing the evolution of system objects at the logical level. Keys to our approach are its extensible, logical, and object-oriented system model and structure versioning framework in which types of logical objects and structures in a software system are extended from a small set of the system model's basic entities, allowing them to be versioned in a fine-grained manner and independent of the physical file structure. Changes to all logical objects and structures are captured and related to each other in a tightly connected and cohesive manner via the Molhado product versioning software configuration management (SCM) infrastructure. We also demonstrate our object-oriented SCM approach by applying it in different development paradigms such as UML-based object-oriented software development, architecture-based software development, and Web application development.

Objectives: The study aims to build trust in the relationships between producers, distributors, retailers, and final consumers in society by reducing product counterfeiting to the barest minimum. Methods: This study presents the use of a Quick Response (QR) Code Generator (QRCG) to store the fundamental manufacturing features of a product and for quick and accurate verification of originality on validation. The quickness and efficiency of the developed system were verified using the speed of execution and the probability of obtaining the wrong result or the detection accuracy. Object-oriented systems modeling was adopted alongside the Rapid Unified Process (RUP) software development approach in designing the novel QR code generator. Findings: The Novel QRCG demonstrated good performance as it comprehensively captures the prime features of singular products and readily validates their originality concerning speed and accuracy when a product is subjected to it to verify originality and detect counterfeits. The execution speed was virtually constant as it lies between 9ms - 10ms with zero probability of obtaining a wrong result on scanning a product. Novelty: A Novel QR code generator and scanning system for detecting product counterfeits using the product’s inherent features is presented. To enhance the security of the QR code, an intrinsic feature of the product and a Copy Sensitive Graphical Code (CSGC) is inserted into the QR code. Keywords: Counterfeit Product Detection, QR Code, QR Code Generator, Product Inherent Features, Product Originality Verification, Scanning System

While mainframe or 2-tier client/server system have serious problems in flexibility and scalability for the large-scale business processes, 3-tier client/ server architecture and object-oriented system modeling which construct business process on service components seem to bring software system some scalability. As enabling infrastructure for object-oriented methodology, distributed WFMS (Work-flow Management System) can flexibly describe business rules among autonomous ‘service tasks’, and support scalability of large-scale business process. But current distributed WFMS still have difficulty to manage a large number of distributed tasks, the ‘multi-Task Domain’ architecture of FlowAgent will try to solve this problem, and bring a dynamic and distributed environment for task-scheduling.

Sensitivity coefficients for the correction of quantization errors in hybrid computer systems

Electrical impedance tomography is a low-cost, safe, and high temporal resolution medical imaging modality which finds extensive application in real-time thoracic impedance imaging. Thoracic impedance changes can reveal important information about the physiological condition of patients’ lungs. In this way, electrical impedance tomography can be a valuable tool for monitoring patients. However, this technique is very sensitive to measurement noise or possible minor signal errors, coming from either the hardware, the electrodes, or even particular biological signals. Thus, the design of a good performance electrical impedance tomography hardware setup which properly interacts with the tissue examined is both an essential and a challenging concept. In this paper, we adopt an extensive simulation approach, which combines the system’s analogue and digital hardware, along with equivalent circuits of 3D finite element models that represent thoracic cavities. Each thoracic finite element model is created in MATLAB based on existing CT images, while the tissues’ conductivity and permittivity values for a selected frequency are acquired from a database using Python. The model is transferred to a multiport RLC network, embedded in the system’s hardware which is simulated at LT SPICE. The voltage output data are transferred to MATLAB where the electrical impedance tomography signal sampling and digital processing is also simulated. Finally, image reconstructions are performed in MATLAB, using the EIDORS library tool and considering the signal noise levels and different electrode and signal sampling configurations (ADC bits, sampling frequency, number of taps).

A programmable power metering chip that measures watt-hours, VAR-hours, and VA-hours is described. New techniques are employed to multiplex analog and digital hardware and achieve significant power and die size efficiences. The chip consists of three time-multiplexed /spl Sigma/-/spl Delta/ A/D (analog-to-digital) converters and an 8-bit programmable DSP (digital signal processor). It is fabricated in 1.5-/spl mu/m CMOS technology with a 5.0 mm/spl times/5.5 mm die and consumes less than 75 mW with single 5-V supply.

An improved chaos-based secure communication technique using a novel encryption function with an embedded cipher key

: Phase I research into a modular real-time spreadsheet has yielded a significant result: A spreadsheet can be used to completely simulate, completely prototype and completely implement distributed control systems. A usable implementation of such a system will be done in Phase II. Commercialization will begin in the middle of Phase II, with the release of a set of distributed processing options for RTware's ControlCalc product. Demonstration applications in Naval applications will be done in cooperation with RTware's existing Naval customers. A real-time spreadsheet will be used to build nodes in a software module interconnection framework (MIF), allowing interactive, on-line construction of distributed control applications. Due to major advances in spreadsheet software technology already implemented in ControlCalc, the commercially-available spreadsheet to be used, the system will allow prototyping, simulation, top down design and implementation down to the final, lowest-level runtime machine code. The MIF is Polylith, which provides a remote function calling and message-passing abstraction that can be used by any language, including a spreadsheet. A graphical diagram editor will provide visualization of and navigation through the module framework. The major spreadsheet advances are: on-the-fly expression compilation, multi-threading evaluation, and multi-tasking text or graphical user interface sessions. Important supporting capabilities include: in-line I/O functions for direct access to analog or digital hardware and file or network protocols, strong typing, direct mapping to the output of graphical user interface editors, and extensibility through calling user-supplied functions in other languages directly from compiled spreadsheet expressions.

Now that we have taken a look at some of the digital video editing software packages, let's take a look at some of the digital video editing hardware that you will need to acquire and assemble to put together a professional video editing workstation. The hardware components in a digital video editing workstation are extremely important, as digital video is quite heavy as it contains a series of high resolution imagery called Digital video hardware frames that can span hours of content, taking the data processed into the Terabytes. This can require a gaggle of fast processor cores, billions of bytes of system memory, hyper-fast data storage devices, digital signal processing GPU adapters, and external digital video editing hardware peripherals that allow you to interface with your supercomputer and software in real time, using finely tuned jog wheels, faders, and buttons.