The past, present and future of observational research in marketing

PurposeThis article aims to provide a critical review of the articles included in this special issue and highlight their findings and contribution to events, festivals and destination management research.Design/methodology/approachThe article critically reviews methodologies, findings, themes and conclusions offered by each article included in this special issue.FindingsThe articles in the special issue identify the latest thematic trends in events, festivals and destination management research and propose conceptual frameworks for event and festival life cycle trajectories. They build on previous research confirming how accessible tourism and a balanced event portfolio can increase the sustainability and competitiveness of the destination. Based on sound methodologies, they offer specific theoretical and practical implication for the successful planning, marketing and management of events, festivals and destinations. They provide suggestions on how event innovation, participatory sport events, mega sport events, food and wine festivals and meetings, incentives, conferences and events (MICE) can assist in the marketing and branding of the tourism destination.Research limitations/implicationsThe articles in this special issue lay the foundation for future research in events, festivals and destination management. Articles in this special issue apply various research methods and analysis, indicating the growth of event and festival research. Research methods and analysis techniques used in the special issue include content/theme analysis, case studies, qualitative studies and questionnaires. The research articles and methodologies used in this issue should help both researchers and industry practitioners.Originality/valueThis study highlights key findings, theoretical and practical implications and contributions of the articles included in this special issue. It provides a holistic view of events, festivals and destination management research and suggests areas for future research.

Managing through a crisis: Managerial implications for business-to-business firms

This guest editorial article introduces a special issue devoted to the results, paradoxes, and potentialities emerging from the growing interest within the marketing and management research in the sustainability of fashion and luxury companies. While there has been extensive discussion of the meaning and forms of sustainability in the literature, the consistency of the models and behaviors applied to sustainability adopted by companies, and the results achieved in a field as important as fashion and luxury marketing, have not been verified. The articles in the special issue are briefly discussed, with some conclusions about the main results emerging from the various research studies. The five articles in this special issue seek to contribute to research that systemizes new models and tools that may be useful for practitioners and marketing researchers working in this field.

Editorial Edward Finegan DICTIONARIES HAS PUBLISHED SEVERAL SPECIAL-TOPIC FORUMS in recent years, but this is the first special issue to appear in the journal in quite some time. In 2002, then-editor Michael Adams edited a special issue on "The Middle English Dictionary and Historical Lexicography" to celebrate completion of the MED. All but one of the articles in the special issue had been presented at the 2001 meeting of the Dictionary Society of North America, held at the University of Michigan, home of the Middle English Dictionary. Initiated into historical lexicography as an editorial assistant on the MED project, Michael Adams serves as guest editor for the current issue. For this special issue, he has curated and edited a selection of articles under the umbrella he calls "Problems of Chronology in Historical Lexicography and Lexicology." All but one of the articles in this issue were presented at the International Conference on Historical Lexicography and Lexicology that met at Indiana University at Bloomington in 2016. Like its predecessor, this special issue contains only articles related to the topic; no reviews or reference works in progress contributions appear. The next issue of the journal will contain reviews and reference works in progress contributions, as well as articles. Future volumes of Dictionaries will aim to strike a balance between regular issues containing a variety of contributions to all sections of the journal and special issues or forums that focus on specific topics. In his introduction to this special issue, guest editor Adams expresses his appreciation to the contributors and the two referees who read all the articles and offered valuable counsel that helped bring the volume [End Page vii] to fruition. I echo that appreciation and express my gratitude as well to Michael Adams. His introduction to the issue is thorough and enlightening and leaves no need for anything further to be said here. [End Page viii] Copyright © 2018 Dictionary Society of North America

Synthesizing specificity: multiple approaches to understanding the attack and defense of plants

Crowdsourcing: A Critical Reflection on This New Frontier of Participant Recruiting in Nutrition and Dietetics Research

The last two decades have seen tremendous advances in our understanding of human brain structure and function, particularly at the level of systems neuroscience where neuroimaging methods have led to better delineation of brain networks. Even more striking advances have been reported in molecular genetics research where the Human Genome Project has provided a rough draft of the human genome including the total number of genes and their chromosomal locations. Yet, despite significant progress in molecular genetics and in neuroimaging-based research, there has been relatively little integration of the two fields. Indeed, fewer than 50 peer-reviewed ‘‘imaging genomics’’ articles—manuscripts where genetic information was used to inform neuroimaging experiments—were published by December 2006. However, as shown in Figure 1, the annual publication rates for human functional and anatomic imaging studies including genetic data either for sample selection or for grouping has increased each year since the completion of the Human Genome Project in 2003. Since the assimilation of genetics information into neuroimaging methods promises to significantly improve our understanding of normal and pathologic brain function, this Special Issue of Human Brain Mapping is devoted to imaging genomics. We hope that the 11 articles in this Special Issue spur additional research by providing several novel findings and by reviewing our current state of understanding in imaging genomics research. In order for a trait to be a useful phenotype for studies in imaging genomics, it must be influenced by genetic factors (i.e., heritable). Several articles in this Special Issue document the heritability of brain anatomy, as indexed by structural MRI. Giedd and colleagues review their ongoing work applying structural equation modeling to pediatric brain morphometric data collected from 150 monozygotic and dizygotic healthy twin pairs [Giedd et al., 2007]. These data demonstrate that most brain morphometric measures are highly heritable and have minimal shared environmental effects in childhood. To complement the article by Giedd and colleagues, Kahn and coworkers review work documenting genetic influences on neuroanatomic measures in adults [Kahn et al., 2007]. Adult twin studies indicate that genetic effects vary across brain regions, with the highest heritabilities reported for frontal lobe volumes (90– 95%), moderate heritability for hippocampal volume (40– 69%), and environmental factors influencing medial brain areas. Together, these manuscripts leave little doubt that gross human neuroanatomy is strongly influenced by genetics across the life span, particularly in the neocortex. However, it is also quite likely that environmental factors are also important determinants of brain anatomy, particularly during key developmental periods. The Saguenay *Correspondence to: David C. Glahn, Department of Psychiatry and Research Imaging Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas. E-mail: glan@uthscsa.edu

Diversity among procedures employed to examine marketing activity enhances the likelihood that research contributes to theory and practice. This study provides a conceptual framework of diversity among strategies, measures, and methods employed in marketing research. The framework serves as the basis of a review of 844 studies published in 1986-90 and 1996-2000 in the Journal of Marketing and Journal of Marketing Research. The review offers evidence of limited diversity among procedures employed in marketing research. Limited diversity results in few opportunities to engage in triangulation activities essential to knowledge development. The study concludes with a discussion of the implications for marketing research.

We are pleased to present this special issue of Management Decision, the aim of which is to advance an in-depth understanding of the area of sustainability and ethical consumerism and to proffer new possibilities for future research. This topic has been drawing significant attention, more so in recent decades, as was evident in the large number of manuscripts that were submitted to this issue. We are delighted to introduce the ten articles in this special issue. Each of these papers furthers the understanding of sustainability and ethical consumerism and, together, they provide novel directions for future studies. We first explicate the main concepts that form the basis of this special issue: sustainability and ethical consumerism. We then provide an overview of the articles in this issue, highlighting various topics pertaining to this research area.

The article deals with study of institutionalization of marketing research in the US. Three stages of history of this process were identified: birth of industry (1880–1900-s), when first marketing research were registered of advert agencies and academic scientists; development (1920–1920-s), i. e. the period of setting up research departments in different organizations and specialized research companies, which is characterized by piling-up the pool of professional publications and setting-up first professional associations; formalizing (1930–1940-s), when market research became an ordinary business-practice and inside the research corps a serious methodological breakthrough took place, which determines current standards and practices of research activities. The author mentioned prominent figures in the field of marketing research on each stage, whose contribution to the development of industry allows us to call them The Founders. A conclusion was made about the crucial importance of the idea of scientific marketing for the development of industry. Attracting representatives of academic community (psychologists, sociologists, economists, etc.) raised the quality and efficiency of marketing research and legitimize its status in business-practice.

Li, B. and Meng, M.-M., 2020. Control strategy of underwater glider in the mission of ocean vortex observation. In: Qiu, Y.; Zhu, H., and Fang, X. (eds.), Current Advancements in Marine and Coastal Research for Technological and Sociological Applications. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 107, pp. 177-180. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.In recent years, there are more and more methods and technologies to observe the ocean vortex system. The traditional observation methods are either difficult to observe the precise data below the sea level. The underwater glider is more and more prominent with its advantages of strong endurance, low power consumption, flexible operation, and fine observation and so on, and gets more and more applications. In this paper, firstly, the characteristics and observation strategies of the ocean vortex are analyzed, secondly, the motion theory of the ocean vortex is studied, and finally, the cooperative control and simulation strategies of the underwater glider are studied.

The concept of online customer experiences, and in particular the role of social media in online customer behaviour, has recently received great interest from academia, business and market researchers alike. Despite the belief that social media, imbedded in a corresponding online channel strategy, can be the key to successfully track and analyse consumer behaviour, most of the research focuses solely on the consumer rather than the companies' strategic viewpoint. This study investigates current online channel management strategies of retail banking services, developing a much-needed typology of such practices. Based upon a thorough and rigorous data analysis process, we propose a typology of online channel strategies. The typology differentiates existing practices into initiators, reformers and consolidators, and discusses the differences between these categories with implications for theory and practice. We highlight the current and future roles of social media market research, and their strategic implications for the industry sector and market research in general, introducing the concept of ‘Strategic Social Intelligence (SSI)’.

Orientation: This article provides a rationale for considering transformative consumer research as a research approach for investigating the relationship between consumption and consumers’ well-being in South Africa.Research purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the principles underlying transformative consumer research, including how it differs from traditional research methods and pointing out some established research areas in this field.Motivation for the study: Apart from pointing to a lack of literature, this article highlights the relevance of this approach for emerging countries by investigating the principles and practices embedded in transformative consumer research. It provides some indication of how an investigation of these areas may contribute to enhancing the relevance of consumer research to its various stakeholders.Research design, approach and method: The author used a literature review to conduct the study.Main findings: It appears that consumer research currently lacks external and internal relevance. A transformative consumer-research approach may address some of the fundamental problems in the way consumer psychologists plan and conduct their research, contributing to this lack of relevance.Practical/managerial implications: Most stages of the traditional research approach may need to be adapted for transformative research purposes. Some approaches appear particularly suited to transformative consumer research, including revelatory, incendiary, policy, participatory and coalition research. Contribution/value-add: This study’s primary contribution stems from suggesting a rather novel additional approach to enhance the relevance of consumer research in South Africa, pointing out some established practices in the field of transformative consumer research and suggesting how they may augment consumer research in South Africa.

Introduction to the Special Section This introduction outlines some of the key ideas about migration and identity that the multidisciplinary works in Korean studies in this special issue delve into, focusing on a few of the great many Korean migrations that have taken place over the last century and continue to do today. After contextualizing Korean migration historically and in contemporary times, it explores concepts and approaches that should be considered in framing human migration and introduces the articles in this special issue. All articles in this issue present multiple trajectories of Korean migrations while demonstrating how migrants in each group have established and reestablished themselves by embedding and connecting themselves both in their (ancestral) homeland and in the diaspora. By presenting a range of interdisciplinary works focusing on Korean migration and identity, this special issue seeks to highlight how migration fosters a variety of identities and agencies among those who live in (between) multiple homes and residency statuses. In so doing, it aims to spark discussion on the social and experiential plurality of Koreans at home and in the diaspora that mutually reinforces the ethnic complexity of Koreans, deserving as future topics of investigation in Korean studies.

Grid and P2P systems are different instances of distributed systems: while Grids are often motivated by intensive computations and required access to huge amounts of distributed data in a secure and trusted environment with quality of service guarantees, P2P systems are driven by large-scale dynamic collaborations in highly untrusted and unreliable environments. Since 2001, the Global and Peer to Peer Computing Workshop has been held annually along with the IEEE Cluster Computing and the Grid (CCGRID) Conference to capture the fuzzy border between these areas and blur it even more, showing a much welcome exchange and enrichment of research ideas. The workshop popularity has increased continuously, making it one of the most successful workshops held at the CCGRID conference. This special issue includes extensions of the best papers of the 2005 workshop issue along with papers submitted directly to the journal. We received a total of 27 submissions and selected 7 papers for their high level scientific merits. One of the often cited differences between Grids and P2P systems is scale. While grids were traditionally developed around small and close professional communities, P2P systems were from the beginning intended to allow millions of anonymous users to share resources. However, the last years demonstrated an increased interest in scalable and large-scale grids. The articles in this special issue address the problem of larger grids from different directions, contributing ideas and software that may eventually take grids to truly global scale. The first direction is unrestricted participation: grids are often collaborations specialized on a set of predefined projects with limited access to participation. OurGrid, the system presented in “Labs of the World, Unite!!!”, is a free-to-join, already deployed peer-topeer grid. Anyone can join it to gain access to large amounts of computational power collected from the idle resources of all participants. Secure access to resources relies on an incentive mechanism that encourages participation and sharing, and uses virtual machines for resource isolation. An important problem stressed in large-scale systems is trust: while trust can be assumed through out of band means in small, controlled communities, it needs to be explicitly built and maintain in larger, more open groups. Two articles in this issue attack the problem of trust: in “Applying a Trust Brokering System to Resource Matchmaking in Public-Resource Grids,” Azzedin, Maheswaran and Mitra propose a trust J Grid Computing (2006) 4: 223–224 DOI 10.1007/s10723-006-9053-5