The role of cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and blockchain in Big Data processing

The simplicity of material reproduction and distribution has made protecting intellectual property rights more and more difficult in the digital age. By means of access and use control, Digital Rights Management (DRM) systems have become increasingly important in protecting copyrighted material. Studies indicate that DRM especially in the music and publishing sectors discourages illegal use and supports monetisation strategies for digital media. DRM, on the other hand, sometimes creates compromises that can lower user happiness and even promote piracy as a kind of resistance by restricting consumer rights and interoperability problems. New studies underlined the need of a balanced DRM strategy combining legal, technical, and economic elements while honouring fair use and user autonomy. Advances in blockchain and smart contracts are also being investigated as decentralised substitutes for conventional DRM systems, promising possible enhancements in rights enforcement and openness. The ease with which material may be reproduced and disseminated in the digital age has made intellectual property rights protection more difficult. Systems for digital rights management, or DRM, have become essential for protecting intellectual material by limiting access and use. DRM successfully discourages unauthorised usage and promotes digital media monetisation models, according to research, especially in the publishing and music sectors. DRM frequently brings trade-offs, though, such restricted consumer rights and interoperability problems, which can lower user pleasure and occasionally incite piracy as a form of resistance. A balanced DRM strategy that incorporates legal, technological, and economic tactics while upholding fair usage and user liberty is crucial, according to recent study. As decentralised alternatives to conventional DRM systems, developments in blockchain technology and smart contracts are also being investigated since they may enhance rights enforcement and transparency.

Geospatial digital rights management

클라우드 컴퓨팅 기술과 스마트 장치 기술의 발전은 다양한 분야에서 그 영향력을 확대하고 있다. 콘텐츠 서비스에 있어서 콘텐츠를 안전하게 보호하기 위한 DRM(digital rights management) 기술은 매우 중요한 요소로 다양한 스마트 장치에서 시간 및 장소의 제약 없이 서비스를 제공하기 위해서는 DRM 기술 간의 상호 운용성(interoperability)을 해결해야 한다. 본 논문에서는 클라우드 환경에서 DRM 기능들을 서비스로 제공하는 DRM 클라우드를 연구하여 서로 다른 DRM 기술들을 서비스로 제공함으로써 상호 운용성을 해결하고자 한다. 즉, 서로 다른 DRM이 적용된 콘텐츠를 스마트 장치에서 사용하고자 할 때 DRM 클라우드로부터 해당 DRM 모듈과 기능들을 SaaS와 같은 서비스로 콘텐츠의 사용을 제어한다. 이를 위해 DRM 클라우드 사용자와 DRM 클라우드 간의 원활한 서비스 호출과 제공을 수행하는 중개자인 DRM Proxy의 기능과 구조를 정의하고 구현 결과를 기술한다. The development of cloud computing technology and smart devices have increasingly been expanding the influence in various fields. Although DRM(Digital Rights Management) is a very important technology for secure content services, interoperability among DRM technologies must be addressed in order to provide the service without the constraints of time and place on various smart devices. In this paper, we study DRM Cloud which provides DRM functions as a service in cloud computing environment, and address interoperability problem by providing different DRM technologies as a cloud service. That is, when a user wants to play contents with the different DRM technologies on a smart device, the usage of the content is controlled by providing the corresponding DRM module and function as SaaS from DRM cloud. To do this, we define the functions and structure of DRM Proxy which performs smooth service call and provision between DRM cloud user and DRM cloud, and finally we describe the experimental implementation result.

Streaming media is widely adopted by thousands of applications in cloud computing, how to effectively protect streaming media contents is a new challenge. In this paper, we propose an efficient online digital rights management (DRM) scheme supporting dynamic license in cloud computing. The content provider encrypts media content and outsources the encrypted content to cloud storage, while the user acquires dynamic license from the license server and consumes the streaming media content from the cloud storage. Further, we present a secure key distribution protocol based on proxy re-encryption, which protects the confidentiality of content encryption key, and reduces the work of key management in the cloud, and also supports domain key to realize user domain management. In addition, we develop a prototype system with Google cloud storage APIs based on the proposed scheme, and the implementation and comparison results show that the proposed scheme satisfies the requirements of online media content protection in cloud computing.

The convergence of blockchain, artificial intelligence (AI), and cloud computing is catalyzing a paradigm shift in developing secure, intelligent, and scalable digital infrastructures. This triad of technologies is increasingly utilized to improve performance, transparency, and trust in engineering-driven and socio-technical environments. This study systematically reviews the evolution, integration strategies, and applications of blockchain, AI, and cloud computing in digital ecosystems. The analysis is based on 108 peer-reviewed studies spanning the years 2012 to 2025. A comprehensive literature analysis was conducted to identify trends, synergies, and sector-specific implementations of these systems. The review explores how their integration supports real-world engineering and operational use cases. Blockchain contributes to decentralized architectures, secure data exchange, and identity verification. AI supports adaptive behavior, autonomous decision-making, and predictive analytics. Cloud computing offers the scalable infrastructure necessary for deployment. Key challenges addressed include interoperability, latency, security trade-offs, and resource allocation. Use cases in digital finance, supply chain management, and industrial automation demonstrate the effectiveness of this integration in building resilient, ethically aligned, and high-performance infrastructures. The findings offer valuable insights and technical considerations for engineers and architects seeking to design next-generation cyber-physical systems that are secure, intelligent, and socially responsive. Clinical Trial Number Not applicable. This article accentuates the extensive use of blockchain, cloud computing, and AI principles, emphasizing their crucial significance in the contemporary digital environment and paths in which blockchain technology may be employed to automate financial transactions, enhance the security of personal data and records, facilitate cross-border transactions, verify identities, execute smart contracts, utilize cryptocurrencies, and manage supply chains. This research systematically assesses the development and practical application of blockchain, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence technologies over the past decade. This study primarily focuses on monitoring the progress, practical applications, and benefits of blockchain technology in the context of financial transactions. This article probes the symbiotic relationship between artificial intelligence, cloud and blockchain technology, analyzing the evolution and fundamental concepts of their integration from 2012 to 2025. This paper also presents a detailed analysis of 108 research works acquitted over the past decade. The study provides a comprehensive examination of the current state and fundamental principles related to the integration of artificial intelligence, cloud, and blockchain technology. This paper offers a comprehensive analysis of the major obstacles confronted by blockchain technology, examining its wide-ranging applications over several industries and its socko role in transaction systems and the domain of cryptocurrencies.

Traditional copyright protection technologies are unable to adapt to the current digital era of the Internet, and some problems such as difficult in digital works confirmation copyright, complex copyright transactions, copyright protection and infringement monitoring. Although Digital Rights Management (DRM) can provide certain security for digital copyrights, it still cannot effectively solve these problems. The decentralization, non-tampering, traceability and other characteristics of the blockchain are of great help to address the above problems. This paper proposes a scheme combining blockchain technology with digital rights management, and builds a digital rights management platform based on blockchain. In this paper, we propose platform system architecture based on blockchain technology by using the open source Hyperledger Fabric framework as the underlying blockchain development platform and combining smart contracts, IPFS systems, timestamps and other technologies, and have implemented the functions of the four core modules of the platform, which brings new breakthroughs for digital copyright protection technology.KeywordsBlockchainSmart contractsIPFSCopyright transaction

An improved E-DRM scheme for mobile environments

Over the last few years, Digital Rights Management (DRM) systems have become increasingly successful in various areas of digital content production and distribution. While DRM-related technology research has achieved a certain degree of maturity since the 1990�s, the legal framework surrounding DRM systems remains in flux and is fiercely debated. This keynote speech first provides an overview of the various ways by which digital content is protected in a DRM system. The intertwining protection by technology, contracts, technology licenses and anti-circumvention regulations may lead to a new property right making copyright protection obsolete. However, there is a danger of over-protection: questions of fair use and other limitations to traditional copyright law have to be addressed. If competition is not able to solve this tension between the interests of content providers and the interests of users or the society at large -- which seems doubtful at least -- it is the law that has to provide a solution. The speech presents the different approaches legislatures in Europe and in the United States have adopted. Second, the speech discusses recent developments at the intersection of DRM and the law, in particular the discussions about DRM interoperability, patents on DRM technology, DRM standards, and the relationship between DRM and levy systems as well as between DRM and trusted computing. Third, the speech analyzes recent scholarship that attempts to solve legal and policy questions surrounding DRM on a technological level. The speech questions whether the tension between technological protection and public values such as fair use, privacy, competition and an innovation commons is really irreconcilable. It argues for a more nuanced approach that explores possibilities and limitations of a value-centered technology design of DRM systems. Only if technology research focuses on such questions, the disapproval of DRM systems by many legal scholars and policy activists could possibly diminish in the long term.

This article presents a roadmap of emerging legal problems in the area of Digital Rights Management (DRM). It argues against adopting fundamentalist viewpoints in the DRM policy debate. In particular, DRM technology is much more flexible than many DRM critics acknowledge. The article covers various problems that are less frequently discussed in legal and policy circles. It analyzes the relationship between DRM, fair use, and innovation, using rights locker architectures, dynamic DRM systems, the Creative Commons project, DRM technology license agreements, and security research as examples. It addresses the alleged dichotomy between DRM and copyright levy systems as well as the implications of DRM for privacy protection. By analyzing various technology platforms, it describes the implications DRM has for competition in platform markets as well as in complementary aftermarkets. Finally, the article assesses recent efforts to standardize DRM technology, both by the private sector (in particular TCPA and Palladium), and by the legislature.

Owing to the proliferation of digitized media applications, such as e-Book, streaming videos, web images, shared music, etc., there is a growing need to protect the intellectual property rights of digital media and prevent illegal copying and falsification. This explains the strong demand for digital rights management (DRM), which is an access control technology that protects and enforces the rights associated with the use of digital content, such as multimedia data. The most important functions of DRM are to prevent unauthorized access and the creation of unauthorized copies of digital content, and moreover to provide a mechanism by which copies can be detected and traced (content tracking). Digital rights management is the most critical component of the intellectual property management and protection (IPMP) protocol widely promoted in the MPEG standards. Under the IPMP's scope, intellectual property (IP) is anything whose use owes the inventors or the owners some form of compensation. This could be a particular media application or it could be the technology used by the media. The management of IP involves storage and serving, appropriate authorization of use, and correct billing and tracking. The protection of IP prevents unauthorized use or misuse of the IP and can make legitimate use easy. According to [1], an effective DRM system should have the following four requirements. (1) The DRM system must package the content to be protected in a secure manner. (2) The DRM system must obtain the access conditions (license) specified by the owner of the protected content. (3) The DRM system must determine whether the access conditions have been fulfilled […]

The significance of the topic of digital human rights in the context of artificial intelligence and globalization lies in its examination of the intricate relationships between technological innovations, global dynamics, and human rights in the digital era. With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence, digital rights demand heightened attention and adaptation. Purpose of the Study. The study aims to conceptualize digital human rights within the framework of artificial intelligence and globalization. The objectives are: 1. To analyze digital rights in the European Union context and define their core elements and importance. 2. To examine key aspects of digital rights protection in the context of globalization. 3. To clarify digital rights in light of the development of artificial intelligence (AI) and the emerging realities of the digital world. Study Findings. The study demonstrates that globalization contributes to the international standardization of digital rights, but also introduces challenges due to regional and national disparities in legal approaches. It evaluates the impact of AI on digital rights, including issues related to automated decision-making, algorithmic bias, and personal data monitoring. The research provides an overview of fundamental digital rights concepts, such as the right to privacy, freedom of expression, access to information, and non-discrimination in the digital environment. It also explores the ethical considerations of AI in relation to digital rights and examines new legal avenues, such as enhanced personal data protection and greater transparency of algorithms. The investigation into digital rights in the context of AI and globalization reveals the complex interplay between technology, human rights, and global processes. It emphasizes both the opportunities for progress and the challenges that modern society faces. Theoretical advancements in this field could help define new rights, such as the right to digital identity, protection of personal data, access to information, and freedom on the Internet. Furthermore, in the era of globalization, there is a pressing need to harmonize approaches to regulating digital rights on an international scale. To bolster cybersecurity, practical measures could include the development of technological solutions aimed at safeguarding personal data, as well as enhancing the security of digital infrastructure at both national and international levels.

The digital content distribution businesses satisfy people's requirements for the rich and colorful digital content and also promote the user experience. These businesses also make an increasing profit for content makers, content providers and network carrier, and will be a critical position in the future business value chain. However, copyright piracy still doesn't solve very well and results in great loss for content providers. The digital content has the characteristics of easy copy and distribution, therefore, digital rights management has been the key technology to protect intellectual property of digital contents, control their dissemination and usage in digital content Web issue. First, synthetically analyze the disadvantages of typical digital rights management framework. Second, given a series of the problems in the modern system, digital rights management system based on smart card is proposed. Making use of the characteristic of smart card itself, the new framework will be mobile, secure and off-line. Following this, a set of digital management protocols are designed, including license acquisition protocol, usage, update protocol and authentication. The new system's framework, module structure, system design and realization are described. At last, the new system's characteristic is analyzed and is proved to be secure and efficiency.

The accountability of cloud service which provides the cloud users with accountable services applies various technologies such as the compliance of service policy, monitoring and auditing, logging, and others. It ultimately intends to provide trustworthy cloud service by determining who is accountable for various problems happened during data processing and service offering. In this paper, we propose a cloud ecosystem formed from the chain of content and DRM Cloud service in order to offer secure and trust DRM cloud service when providing high value-added content service. Besides this, we analyse the requirements of cloud services for content owners and users and then propose some logging information to be recorded for trace of accountability and a structure of tool for monitoring. Key Words : Cloud computing, Accountability, Digital rights management, Content Service, Monitoring * 이 논문은 2011년도 정부(미래창조과학부)의 재원으로 한국연구재단-차세대정보ㆍ컴퓨팅기술개발사업의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구임(No. 2011-0029927)Received 13 October 2014, Revised 17 November 2014Accepted 20 December 2014Corresponding Author: Sang Uk Shin(Pukyong National University) Email: shinsu@pknu.ac.krⒸ The Society of Digital Policy & Management. All rights reserved. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is ISSN: 1738-1916 properly cited.

Digital Rights Management (DRM) is a means through which copyrights can be protected using technology rather than the legal system. It is controversial because it allows content creators to control the level of access that users have to content they have purchased to a much greater degree than ever before. In additional to preventing illegal piracy, DRM allows content creators to prohibit the “Fair Uses” that the legal system has consistently protected. Human factors practitioners involved in the design of electronic devices that use copyrighted media, including computers, music players, gaming systems, cell phones, digital video recorders, and others, must recognize the effects of DRM on consumer product design. When analyzing user requirements, the interaction between DRM software and user behaviors must be considered. User interfaces should be designed to make the constraints imposed by DRM and the access that is supported easily visible. Including a consideration of DRM and its interactions with interface design will increase the likelihood that consumer electronics are successful.

Music Downloads and the Flip Side of DRM Protection