The Study of Designing Interactive Learning Experiences: Improving Education through Computer-Human Interaction

Virtual Reality (VR) technology has emerged as a transformative force in the realm of Human-computer interaction (HCI), offering novel applications and redefining user experiences. VR games have changed traditional electronic games, providing a human-computer interactive immersive gaming experience. In social media, VR innovative applications allow users to have an immersive conversation through various interactions, giving users a more immersive and real experience. The paper synthesizes recent research findings, highlighting key trends, challenges, and opportunities in the integration of VR into HCI and illustrates the embodiment of immersive experiences while using VR compared to the traditional way. At the same time, the challenges associated with VR technology such as motion sickness, accessibility concerns, ethical considerations, and medical challenges, are also discussed, offering a balanced perspective on the current state of the field. The future development perspective is also mentioned. As technology continues to evolve, we can expect to see even more immersive and interactive experiences that blur the lines between the physical and virtual worlds, offering users new ways to engage with digital content and each other.

Human–Computer Interaction (HCI) is a multidisciplinary area that involves a diverse body of knowledge and a complex landscape of concepts, which can lead to semantic problems, hampering communication and knowledge transfer. Ontologies have been successfully used to solve semantics and knowledge-related problems in several domains. This paper presents a systematic literature review that investigated the use of ontologies in the HCI domain. The main goal was to find out how HCI ontologies have been used and developed. 35 ontologies were identified. As a result, we noticed that they cover different HCI aspects, such as user interface, interaction phenomenon, pervasive computing, user modeling / profile, HCI design, interaction experience and adaptive interactive system. Although there are overlaps, we did not identify reuse among the 35 analyzed ontologies. The ontologies have been used mainly to support knowledge representation and reasoning. Although ontologies have been used in HCI for more than 25 years, their use became more frequent in the last decade, when ontologies address a higher number of HCI aspects and are represented as both conceptual and computational models. Concerning how ontologies have been developed, we noticed that some good practices of ontology engineering have not been followed. Considering that the quality of an ontology directly influences the quality of the solution built based on it, we believe that there is an opportunity for HCI and ontology engineering professionals to get closer to build better and more effective ontologies, as well as ontology-based solutions.

Users’ life experience in human-computer interaction (HCI) is becoming increasingly important. However, there is no research on the operational concept and measurement instrument of perceived life experience in HCI. Based on the Big Five personality and Confucian culture, this study aims to construct and verify the users’ perceived life experience in HCI for the first time in metaverse education. The study conducted 573 respondents to an analysis by exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis in China following scientific and rigorous scale development steps. The results show five dimensions of perceived life experience, including perceived sincerity, perceived responsibility, perceived upbringing, perceived wisdom, and perceived reliability, a total of 23 items. This scale has passed the reliability and validity tests, which provide an empirical basis for future research on the perceived life experience of HCI.

Background: Unprecedented growth in artificial intelligence (AI) is changing the way people interact with computers- the concept known as human-computer interaction (HCI), several AI approaches like machine learning or natural language processing have boosted the user experience (UX). Nevertheless, there are some ethical concerns and differences in users’ awareness of AI systems that make it difficult to consider the general advantages of AI in HCI. Objective: Therefore, this research seeks to explore the impact of enhanced AI techniques on the level of UX in HCI with a focus on the facet of user satisfaction, trust, and usefulness of AI-based personalization techniques. It also solves the ethical problem associated with the AI systems. Methods: A quantitative research method was used with the use of structured questionnaires with 250 participants. It also captured the user engagement with AI systems, as well as their satisfaction and trust levels as well as their concerns relating to AI ethics. Descriptive analysis was used to examine the collected data through statistical tests such as; the Shapiro-Wilk test for normality and Cronbach’s Alpha for reliability. Results: It is seen that most of the users are happy with the AI technologies integrated into their lives, with special emphasis on the aspect of personalization. However, the data was nonparametric (Nomography = 0 05) and so was the internal consistency (Cronbach alpha -0. 033 on the Likert scale items were needed for survey tools of higher specific focus. The results of the survey showed that ethical considerations running across the respondents as the most significant factor of discrepancy between satisfaction and trust in areas of tension. Conclusion: In the context of AI methodologies, most are perceived to have positive effects in enhancing the UX regarding individualized engagements. However, ethical issues should be met and addressed while determining the reliability of the tools used in ascertaining the impact of AI. There is a need for future studies to address these issues and improve the techniques used for evaluating AI’s diverse position in HCI.

This chapter considers relationships between the interactive arts, audience engagement, and experience design in public art. What might each offer the other? Engagement and experience are central to current Human Computer Interaction (HCI) thinking. For artists, what the audience experiences or feels is a key consideration. This chapter presents research issues involved in defining and understanding audience/user engagement and experience. A series of broad questions are posed and discussed. Two examples of approaches being followed to find answers to some of these questions are presented that demonstrate the kind of interesting results that are emerging including a more refined language for describing interactive experience. This research shows how frameworks, that support interactive art making and evaluation are being developed using practice-based research methodologies. These advances, made in the context of art, can be beneficially applied to both the interactive Digital Arts and HCI.

The existing computer system is very powerful and multi-function. Conventional Human Computer Interaction (HCI) mainly focusing on creating interactions to solve common problems rather than extending each user’s individual characteristics (McCarthy and Wright 2004) and lead to positive experience (Rogers et al. 2011, Heibeck et al. 2014). A challenge for HCI is how to create Human Computer Interaction in a personal way that leads to the users’ desirable experience and extend their potentials. A main goal is to give the opportunity to users to handle complex systems, to present an interface the user wants to see, and to deliver desirable user experiences. We need therefore, a method to “present” typical functionalities to user in an effective and personal way while users are using the computer. This research aims to construct a personalized interaction between the users and computer as a way to integrate the user’s experiences and mechanisms of the existing application in a specific interaction context. This research provides an additional perspective on interaction design based on both designers’ and users’ point of view by adapting computer interactive system based on users’ personal needs. At the end of paper, we will create new interactive drawing system that can integrate human cognition and behavior to improve the users’ experience by allowing the user to personalize the system.

The last decade has witnessed the development of academic research and professional work in the field of Human-computer interaction (HCI) and User Experience (UX) design in Indonesia. The pervasive adoption of mobile technology, the Internet and social technologies in the Indonesian society has highlighted the personal interaction and usability problems in the everyday life of Indonesians. This work-in-progress is intended to serve as a reference for the growing HCI and UX community in Indonesia. This paper represents a first attempt at describing the history of HCI and UX in Indonesia, the research and practice that contribute to its development in the present state, and a reflection of its future. A reflective discussion then concludes what defines the HCI and UX community in Indonesia, including what lies ahead in its future.

Veterinary anatomy is an essential course that provides a fundamental basis for various clinical specializations. Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being incorporated into anatomy education, revolutionizing the field through various tools such as 3D-printed models, virtual and augmented reality systems, the Anatomage table, virtual staining techniques, and virtual laboratories. 3D printing has been promoted in the last two decades, and successfully applied in anatomy, surgery and other educational fields. AI-driven virtual dissection platforms are an invaluable resource that provide high-quality anatomical simulations, with a more interactive and immersive learning experience that ensures students receive comprehensive training regardless of their location. Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) provide immersive, interactive experiences that significantly improve comprehension of intricate anatomical concepts. Anatomage is a digital dissection table that offers comprehensive anatomy resources for veterinary science for fully segmented, detailed and dissectible dog, cat and other animal scans. Instructors and clinicians can upload their own DICOM files. 3D visualization enables the usage of 3D models in education improves the quality of teaching and the learning outcomes of students with respect to visibility, clarity and quality of the 3D neuro-anatomical models using the XYZ-3D scanner. Virtual dissection might hinder the cultivation of clinical skills in future surgeons by denying students the chance to physically feel and explore the textures of anatomical structures. These technologies can be useful tools in veterinary histology. In virtual staining, histological stains are created by training neural networks to produce stained images from an unstained tissue image, or through transferring information from one stain to another. Virtual labs are computer-based simulations that allow students to conduct laboratory experiments online. They save time, reduce costs, and offer a safer alternative to traditional physical labs. Incorporating AI into veterinary anatomy education makes learning more accessible, scalable, and effective for students. AI-driven anatomical tools enable flexible understanding, unconstrained by location or time. Additionally, these resources can accommodate larger groups of students without requiring expanded physical facilities. Moreover, gamified AI learning can lead to higher retention rates and increased student engagement. Thus, AI-based new tools and methods viz., VR, AR, Anatomage table and 3D visualization platforms are revolutionizing anatomy education and can be utilized in teaching and learning of veterinary anatomy to enhance learning experiences to complement rather than replace traditional teaching method.

With the rapid development of society, humans tend to live in an individualistic manner, with less connection to reality, and electronic devices have become necessities. Human entertainment methods are inseparable from the virtual world, and the development of human-computer interaction in the entertainment industry is imminent. However, technology, humanities, and other aspects still face many obstacles and challenges, as well as negative impacts such as privacy leaks, cyberbullying, and information overload from virtual network identities. This article analyzes the technical limitations, social and cultural constraints, and issues of connection between the virtual and real worlds that human-computer interaction faces in this field. Based on the analysis above, it is suggested that human-computer interaction technology should pay more attention to user experience, co-creation of content, personalized services, and user stickiness to meet challenges and fully utilize future opportunities. In the future, human-computer interaction technology will become more intelligent personalized, and people-centered to address the ever-evolving needs of users, providing safe, fun, and interactive entertainment experiences.

The potential importance of human affect during human - computer interaction (HCI) is becoming increasingly well recognised. However, measuring and analysing affective behaviour is problematic. Physiological indicators reveal only some, sometimes ambiguous information. Video analysis and existing coding schemes are notoriously lengthy and complex, and examine only certain aspects of affect. This paper describes the development of a practical methodology to assess user affect, as displayed by emotional expressions. Interaction analysis techniques were used to identify discrete affective messages 'affectemes' and their components. This paper explains the rationale for this approach and demonstrates how it can be applied in practice. Preliminary evidence for its efficacy and reliability is also presented.

There is evidence that linguistic alignment can give rise to prosocial effects in human–human interaction (HHI), but little has been done to explore whether the same effects can be evoked in human–computer interaction (HCI). This study investigates whether being lexically aligned improves people’s evaluation of their conversational partner and the interaction in HHI and HCI, and whether such effects differ in HHI and HCI. A text-based interaction task was adopted in which a naïve participant and his/her partner took turns to name and match pictures. In both HHI and HCI, participants interacted with a computer program but they were led to believe that the partner they were interacting with was a human interlocutor in HHI conditions but a smart dialogue system (i.e. a computer partner) in HCI conditions. Lexical alignment was varied in the experiment such that in the align condition the program repeated the word use of participants, whereas in the nonalign condition, it chose words different from those used by participants. After the interaction task, a questionnaire survey was carried out to measure participants’ evaluation of their partner and the interaction. Results showed that lexical alignment significantly improved participants’ evaluation of the interaction in terms of perceived cognitive demand and response accuracy in both HHI and HCI. In addition, lexical alignment significantly enhanced people’s liking of the aligning partner and reduced their perceived annoyance in HHI, but the effect was negligible in HCI.

Smart Cities are proliferating around the world, including in the Southeast Asia region. While many developed countries have started defining their Smart Cities, most Southeast Asian countries are still exploring their own ideal Smart Cities. Consisting of mostly developing countries, the Southeast Asian countries have a need to learn from their own cultural heritage, history, political, economic, social and technological contexts to discover Smart City models that work best for better living of their residents. In this context, Human Computer Interaction (HCI) and User Experience (UX) approaches may offer a number of value propositions for the learning, reusing, adapting, designing, developing, inventing, innovating, and sustaining Smart Cities and their inhabitants in Southeast Asia. Thus, this full day symposium aims to explore the relationship between HCI, UX and the development of Smart Cities for better living in Southeast Asian countries in comparison to the Smart Cities around the world.

Immersive environments have brought a great transformation in human–computer interaction by enabling realistic and interactive experiences within simulated or augmented spaces. In these immersive environments, virtual assets such as custom avatars, digital artwork, and virtual real estate play an important role, often holding a substantial value in both virtual and real worlds. However, this value also makes them attractive to fraudulent activities. As a result, ensuring the authenticity and integrity of virtual assets is of concern. This study proposes a cryptographic solution that leverages digital signatures and hash algorithms to secure virtual assets in immersive environments. The system employs RSA-2048 for signing and SHA-256 hashing for binding the digital signature to the asset’s data to prevent tampering and forgery. Our experimental evaluation demonstrates that the signing process operates with remarkable efficiency; over ten trials, the signing time averaged 17.3 ms, with a narrow range of 16–19 ms and a standard deviation of 1.1 ms. Verification times were near-instantaneous (0–1 ms), ensuring real-time responsiveness. Moreover, the signing process incurred a minimal memory footprint of approximately 4 KB, highlighting the system’s suitability for resource-constrained VR applications. Simulations of tampering and forgery attacks further validated the system’s capability to detect unauthorized modifications, with a 100% detection rate observed across multiple trials. While the system currently employs RSA, which may be vulnerable to quantum computing in the future, its modular design ensures crypto-agility, allowing for the integration of quantum-resistant algorithms as needed. This work not only addresses immediate security challenges in immersive environments but also lays the groundwork for broader applications, including regulatory compliance for financial virtual assets.

The book “HCI Practices in the Classroom” presents the results of the Workshop on Education in Human-Computer Interaction (WEIHC), held in 2023 during the Brazilian Symposium on Human Factors in Computing Systems. It was a collaborative effort aiming to share practical experiences related to classroom activities in courses focused on ​​Human-Computer Interaction and User Experience. The book presents 18 practices that address specific HCI topics, such as evaluation, card sorting, dark patterns, personas, design process and data transparency, among others. It also includes practices for reviewing content and assessing students’ knowledge, for example. We believe these practices will be highly beneficial to the entire HCI community, particularly in a learning environments, and can also be adapted for use in companies.

The study of non-human animals' interactions with technology is referred to as Animal- Computer Interaction (ACI). Data gathering with these non- human animal users typically relies on the owner as a proxy to gather requirements and feedback from the animal's behavioural reactions. These owners, however, may provide poor information, as they are habitually not knowledgeable in animal behaviour. To improve data gathering in Dog-Computer Interaction (DCI) research, we present a Dog Information Sheet (DISH) for owners which contains known dog physical behaviours and their potential cognitive reactions. This is used to create a more informed dog owner observer in order to improve feedback in ACI. DISH's effect on owner evaluations is assessed by gauging their own dog's behavioural reactions to persuasively designed media. The findings established that when using DISH, owners were better at identifying both the behaviour perceived and at reasoning behind their dogs' reactions. However, owners using the DISH were unable to recognize the different dogs' behavioral states unless they considered themselves experts at dog behaviour. Whilst this research is centred on collecting data on dogs to improve User Experience (UX) in a Dog-Computer Interaction (DCI) context, the method presented behind the DISH can be applied to both ACI and Human - Computer Interaction (HCI) field to help interpret behaviours during requirement gathering and evaluative practices for non-vocal and limited cognitive users.