The Validation of the Terminal Platform for Digital Cable Broadcasting System

Modern radio-communications have begun the transition process from analog to digital radio-communications and broadcasting. During this transition process, main changes are required in exciter units of transmitters. The architecture of transmitters themselves is the same for both digital and analog broadcasting, but the exciters used for digital broadcasting have to create analog RF exciting signals for the transmitters from the digital data stream. The most common modulation procedure used in digital broadcasting systems is OFDM with QPSK or some kind of QAM keying of sub carriers. Apart from RF signal generation, the exciters are often responsible for control of the whole system, because control data is often included in the digital stream distributed from the broadcast center to the transmitters

From home entertainment we know a number of digital entertainment sources which we cherish. Especially Digital Broadcasting, such as DAB, DVB, HD-Radio and SDARS just to name a few, are entering the automotive market. Premium car manufacturers are offering DAB, DVB-T as well as HD-Radio and SDARS as digital sound broadcasting for their customers. However, a lot of efforts need to be undertaken to get good performance. This paper deals with answering the often asked question, why digital broadcasting systems in vehicular environments do not perform as good as their theoretical performance should intend. With an excessive measurement campaign with a number of premium car manufacturers in Germany, we found three main arguments; a) the digital modulation becomes week in terms of bit-errors with enhanced data rates b) wideband modulation schemes, such as COFDM for example, are fragile in fading environments, especially reactive on frequency selective fading and c) used coding and modulation techniques can cope with single-frequency and single-event interferences well but not with permanent broadband interference, which are often found in EMC signatures in well-equipped luxury cars.

As an effective technique for combating multipath fading and for high-bit-rate transmission over wireless channels, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing is extensively used in modern digital television terrestrial broadcasting systems to support high performance bandwidth-efficient multimedia services. Accurate channel estimation is important for the application of simple channel equalization for the broadband multi-carrier orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems and the accuracy of the channel estimation is crucial to the performance of the overall orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system in terms of the symbol error rate. In this paper, a robust channel estimation scheme is proposed for the receiver of the time domain synchronous orthogonal frequency division multiplexing based Chinese digital television terrestrial broadcasting systems. Simulations under different channel situations show that the proposed channel estimation scheme can also effectively solve the phase noise problem existing at the receiver and verify the efficiency of the proposed scheme.

It is envisioned that all broadcasting systems will be digitalized in future. New services and more information require high data rates for broadcasting systems. There are many digital audio broadcasting standards in the world, such as DAB (Digital Audio Broadcasting) in Band III and Band L, DRM (Digital Radio Mondiale)and HD Radio in AM band and FM band. In this paper, we will present a general purpose SDR (Software Defined Radios) platform to realize digital audio broadcasting systems, including transmission and reception. In the platform, we not only can test novel digital technologies but also experiment with different service modes.

Background: It is a common fact that the rapid development of technology influenced many aspects of the world, including mass communication. Television, as the most popular and familiar broadcast media in Indonesia, has experienced several changes due to the presence of advanced technology. One of the significant transformations is the transition from analog to digital broadcasting systems. The new era of digital broadcasting could improve the performance and quality of digital television itself. Purpose: This recent study aimed to obtain an overview of the realization carried out by one of the local private broadcasting institutions in Banten, JPM TV. Methods: Using a qualitative case study along with in-depth interviews and observation as data collection techniques, this study examines JPM TV from various aspects in realizing digital TV broadcasts in Banten Province. Results: The study’s findings highlighted that JPM TV strives to realize digital broadcasting by gradually replacing equipment with tools that support digital broadcasting and elements of human resources trained and prepared with special internal and external training. JPM TV also collaborated with LPPM (Mix Broadcasting Organizing Agency), namely Mix Metro TV. The ongoing process is coordinated with the government. Obstacles faced during the migration process are the socioeconomic conditions of the people who have not been able to support the digital broadcasting process, which is characterized by the difficulty of obtaining digital broadcasting at relatively low prices; besides that, it is also necessary to increase the capacity of Human Resources (HR) so that television shows are more comfortable to watch. Implications: One of the implications is that the government must innovate to provide incentives that can stimulate the readiness of the digital broadcasting ecosystem.

The theoretical analysis of a digital satellite broadcasting system in the presence of phase noise is performed. An effective technique to design the carrier recovery circuit is also presented based on the analyzed loop parameters, such as degradation loss due to phase noise, average time to cycle slip, and carrier signal acquisition time. It is possible to design a system providing the optimal service and satisfying service requirements for a digital satellite broadcasting system. In this paper, the carrier recovery loop that provides optimal performance in the presence of phase noise exhibits the parameters of 0.707 for damping factor and 40 kHz for noise bandwidth. The designed phase-locked loop indicates a performance of 0.26 dB for impairment due to phase noise at 10/sup -3/ BER, 3.88/spl times/10/sup 6/ hours for average time to cycle slip, and 34 msec for carrier signal acquisition time. The carrier acquisition time of the designed carrier recovery circuit is in accordance with the analyzed result.

Orthogonal frequency division multiplex-single frequency network (OFDM-SFN) has been widely used in the digital audio broadcasting system (DAB) and the terrestrial digital video broadcasting system (DVB-T) as a scheme of downlink broadcasting service. A novel system structure of single frequency cellular network (SFCN) is proposed by applying OFDM-SFN to conventional cellular systems. Transmitter macrodiversity and receiver selective diversity are adopted in the downlink and the uplink respectively. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation in comparison with conventional cellular systems demonstrate the performance improvement of the proposed system.

A public process has been in place in the United States for six years to establish an HDTV terrestrial broadcasting standard. The process, having moved through a planning phase, a competition phase, and an examination phase, has now entered a cooperation phase. Remarkable progress has been made/spl minus/a testament to the process. During 1994 the American digital HDTV terrestrial broadcasting system will be tested, fully documented, and recommended to the FCC for adoption.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

The advent of satellite communications brought a new era to the TV industry. In the early years, however, the use of satellites was quite costly and limited by the modest capacity of the first commercial communications satellites. However, the evolution of satellite technology and the development of satellite aggregators, such as Brightstar, Wold Communications, Bonneville, IDB, Keystone, and Globecast, led to a sharp reduction in the cost of satellite television. The development of full-time, annualized satellite transponder charges – as opposed to per-minute fees – was also critical to the development of much lower satellite television fees. P. Marshall (*) Royal Television Society, London, UK e-mail: pmsatellites@btinternet.com # Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015 J.N. Pelton et al. (eds.), Handbook of Satellite Applications, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-6423-5_85-2 1 The evolution of digital television services was another important breakthrough. Instead of the one or two television channels per transponder with analog systems, it became possible to derive up to 18 channels per transponder. Digital transmission speeded up the evolution of domestic television satellite systems and played a key role in the growth of direct-to-home satellite broadcasting. The development of satellite-based video systems was not seamless and encountered periods of major market difficulties. One of the most prominent market development issues was the failure of early direct broadcast satellite systems (or BSS in the terminology of the ITU). However, DBS (or BSS) satellite markets are now well established in international, regional, and domestic markets. They are not only highly successful but represent by far the largest single satellite market in terms of revenues. Most recently, there has been a rapid growth of high-definition television (HDTV) service via satellite. These satellite services compete with coaxial cable and fiber-optic-based CATV systems. The economics of satellite television are quite different from terrestrial networks because once a direct broadcast satellite system is launched and operational there is very little incremental cost beyond the consumer terminal needed to receive service. The advent of new digital interface standards known as digital video broadcast with return channel service (DVB-RCS) and Digital Over Cable Service Interface Standard (DOCSIS) have allowed the rapid development of digital television over satellite and cable systems. DOCSIS is now widely used for both satellite and cable television systems. These digital standards, together with high-power fixed satellite systems and broadcast satellite systems – that by definition have high power – allow not only the distribution of a large number of video channels to consumers but also low-cost distribution of high-speed digital data service to both home consumers and businesses. These digital satellite video systems can be – and indeed are – used to provide broader band digital services to the “edge” of digital networks at low cost. Thus DBS and higher powered FSS satellite systems are now being used to provide commercial broadband data services to business as well as broader band digital services to remotely located consumers.

Currently digitalization of analog broadcasting systems is taking place because digital broadcasting has many advantages such as efficient use of the frequency spectrum and provision of high-quality content broadcast services. However, service start time in digital broadcasting systems is slower compared to the analog broadcasting systems. Therefore, digital broadcasting systems require fast and efficient synchronization methods. In this paper, we propose a fast frame detection technique without sampling frequency correction for the Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM) receiver and show the performance of the proposed method using computer simulations and implementation on hardware.

This paper introduces an advanced E-education provision via space systems for Africa or any other regions in remote dispersed communities, such as rural, mining, agriculture, surveying, construction, tourism, military and etc. Based on the specific needs and requirements E-education implies significant broadband applications, interconnectivity, and timely and quality-assured content delivery of service. The E-education solutions of distance learning and training for remote and rural areas, which are beyond range of terrestrial and short distance wireless cellular facilities, cannot provide broadband access without space-enabled communication solutions, such as satellite constellations and Stratospheric Platform Systems (SPS) or High Altitude Platforms (HAP). This paper also discusses the integration challenges that are presented by combining space solutions for implementation E-education and learning in rural and mobile environments. Configuration of in-house development of all segments, installation of the scale-down Digital Video Broadcasting-Return Channel via Satellite (DVB-RCS) Hub (Gateway), Ground Network and Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT), known as Fixed Interactive Terminals (FIT), for E-education, distance learning and staff training initiative in Africa are described.

The move from analogue to digital HF broadcasting using the Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM) standard poses some problems of transition that have not been present for the transition of other digital broadcasting systems most notably that there is little or no additional spectrum available to support the simulcast period when both analogue and digital transmissions will coexist. This paper explores the possibilities of using the in-built capabilities of the DRM standard to offer a propagation based solution to the lack of spectrum.

In this study, we have a research of the design and implementation of co-simulation platform for wireless networked control systems based on Simulink and OPNET. The real time simulation platform for wireless networked control systems were designed and realized by using Simulink and OPNET. Simulink and OPNET were adopted to simulate the real time control and network performance separately. The communication between Simulink and OPNET was realized by using the technology of MATLAB engine interface. Combining the virtues of Simulink and OPNET, Co-simulation for WNCS was implemented. A simulation example of wireless networked system was given. It clearly shows that the data transmission of wireless channel was impacted on Simulink model. Simulation results became more authentic and idealistic simulation environment of OPNET was overcome. Thus the effectiveness of the Co-simulation platform based on Simulink and OPNET was proved.

Advances in wireless communications have enabled various technologies for wireless digital communication. In the field of digital radio broadcasting, several specifications have been proposed, such as Eureka-147 and digital radio mondiale (DRM). These systems require a new spectrum assignment, which incurs heavy cost due to the depletion of the available spectrum. Therefore, the in-band on-channel (IBOC) system has been developed to work in the same band with the conventional analog radio and to provide digital broadcasting services. This paper discusses the function and algorithm of the high definition (HD) radio frequency modulation (FM) digital radio broadcasting system. Content includes data format allocation, constellation mapping, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation of the transmitter, timing synchronization, OFDM demodulation, integer and fraction carrier frequency (integer carrier frequency offset (ICFO) and fractional CFO (FCFO)) estimation, and channel estimation of the receiver. When we implement this system to the field programmable gate array (FPGA) based on a hardware platform, both theoretical and practical aspects have been considered to accommodate the available hardware resources.

Conventional wave propagation models for radio networks predict field strength levels only. Wideband wave propagation models however, include algorithms to characterize the radio channel. For digital radio systems the BER of the unprotected radio channel is an important parameter. In the approach presented in this paper, the influence of multipath propagation on different digital modulation schemes is investigated. The calculations are based on a 3D wave propagation model, which yields a field strength-delay spectrum (FDS). The FDS is defined by amplitudes and delays of incident waves, which contribute to intersymbol interference due to multipath propagation. Two algorithms for computation of the BER evaluating the FDS, for both linear and non-linear digital modulation schemes are presented. This paper focuses on GMSK- and PSK-modulation schemes, which are used in digital mobile radio systems (DCS1800, GSM, DECT) as well as in digital audio broadcast systems (DAB). An analysis of the performance of the different modulation schemes in difficult terrain is shown. >