Topology Awareness Based Virtual Network Mapping Algorithm of Software Defined Optical Network

The cloud offers more services across multiple infrastructures and rapidly growing areas of development in medical care. In the cloud, Network virtualization allows multiple isolated virtual networks (VNs) for flexible sharing of network resources. The virtual network mapping in Network virtualization provides the dynamic virtual node and link resources to satisfy the user needs. The major challenges of cloud computing are optimally and resourcefully responds to each user service requests with minimum time. To address these problems in distributed and hybrid cloud environments, Multicriteria Dragonfly based Graph Theory Resource Optimized Virtual Network Mapping (MD-GTROVNM) technique is introduced. The main objective of the MD-GTROVNM technique is to improve the efficiency of virtual network request mapping with less resource utilization. In the MD-GTROVNM technique, Multicriteria Dragonfly based Graph Theory performs both virtual node mapping and link mapping with reasonable resource utilization such as CPU, memory, and bandwidth. In node mapping, the Multicriteria Dragonfly optimization technique is applied to find the optimal physical node among the population that satisfies the resource constraints. The proposed Multicriteria Dragonfly optimization algorithm achieved a more optimal solution for virtual network mapping. The experimental scenario is carried out with various parameters such as mapping efficiency, computation time, Request acceptance ratio and memory consumption with a number of VN requests. The observed results confirm that the MD-GTROVNM technique effectively increases the mapping efficiency, Request acceptance ratio and minimizes the computation time as well as memory consumption when compared to the existing techniques.

A dynamic and resource sharing virtual network mapping algorithm

The design, management, and operation of network infrastructure have evolved during the last few years, leveraging on innovative technologies and architectures. With such a huge trend, due to the flexibility and significant economic potential of these technologies, software-defined networking (SDN) and network functions virtualization (NFV) are emerging as the most indispensable key catalysers. SDN/NFV enhancing the infrastructure agility, thus network operators and service providers are able to program their own network functions (e.g., gateways, routers, load balancers) on vendor-independent hardware substrate. One of the most important considerations in NFV deployment is how to allocate the virtual resources that are needed to provide flexible virtual network services in an NFV-based network infrastructure. Thus, the most important prerequisite for NFV deployment is achieved fast, scalable and dynamic composition and allocation of networks functions (NFs) to implement network services (NSs). We have proposed a revised RA algorithm that integrates embedding and scheduling of virtual network functions (VNFs) simultaneously. In this paper, performance evaluation of the revised RA algorithm is performed and the proposed algorithm is applied more effectively in NFV environment where the demand for resources is flexible and concentrated.

The aim of this paper is to propose a solution for service virtualization and structure within what we call the Next Generation Service (NGS) context. For this purpose, we first propose to distinguish services from networks by separating the network level and the service level. Afterwards, we propose to generalize and apply networking concepts within the service level. This leads us to introduce the necessary elements to support service virtualization, i.e. Virtual Private Service Networks (VPSNs) and Virtual Service Networks (VSNs). The VPSN is the private network that translates the logic of the service required by the user and proactively maintains the end-to-end QoS to meet the Service Level Agreement. The VSNs provide means to support the VPSNs using self-management capabilities to anticipate the local QoS degradation and take the necessary preventive actions.

Virtual optical network mapping and core allocation in elastic optical networks using multi-core fibers

As the most promising solution to sustain network capacity scaling beyond the fundamental nonlinear Shannon limits of standard single-mode fibers, space division multiplexing (SDM) has attracted enormous attention. To utilize the dimension of “space”, including mode-division multiplexing (MDM) using multi-mode (few-mode) fibers and core multiplexing using multi-core fibers, SDM can substantially increase the spectral bandwidth of a fiber-optic communication channel. In SDM optical networks, virtual network mapping becomes very complex, because the resource dimension has increased, meanwhile redundant resources and multi-dimensional resource fragments are more difficult to deal with, which will increase the blocking probability and decrease the utilization of spectrum resources. On the other hand, many connection requests with high quality of service (QoS) need physical network to provide high survivability for network resources to resist virtual link or virtual node failure. It determines the physical paths and the appropriate resources that are used to support a virtual network with predefined characteristics. A novel algorithm for the problem of shared backup path protected routing, spectrum and mode allocation (SBPP-RSMA) under dynamic traffic conditions is proposed, so as to protect virtual network and enhance the network resource utilization with lower blocking effectively and increase share ratio of spectrum resources. Finally, performance of our novel algorithm in terms of blocking probability and spectrum utilization is discussed with some simulation results.

In this paper, we present the main challenges for offering end‐to‐end virtual network services under user control. This work is motivated by the growing need for end‐to‐end virtual services to support high‐volume data transfer applications such as large data Center, grid applications and storage area networks over multi‐domain networks. The virtualization of network services has to deal with some important issues, such as dynamic provisioning, sharing control, isolation and security. We have developed and implemented a solution called user control Virtual Service that allows the user to deploy and share different virtual services over a multi‐domain network. UCVS is a network‐driven virtual service solution that enables the coordinated provisioning and reuse of physical and virtualized computing, storage and network resources from shared pools. UCVS ensures that applications are dynamically supported throughout multi‐domain infrastructure. UCVS also achieves cross‐technology orchestration, helping further progress towards a service‐oriented infrastructure. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Optical networks are crucial to support increasingly demanding cloud services. Delivering the requested quality of services (in particular latency) is key to successfully provisioning end-to-end services in clouds. Therefore, as for traditional optical network services, it is of utter importance to guarantee that clouds are resilient to any failure of either network infrastructure (links and/or nodes) or data centers. A crucial concept in establishing cloud services is that of network virtualization: the physical infrastructure is logically partitioned in separate virtual networks. To guarantee end-to-end resilience for cloud services in such a set-up, we need to simultaneously route the services and map the virtual network, in such a way that an alternate routing in case of physical resource failures is always available. Note that combined control of the network and data center resources is exploited, and the anycast routing concept applies: we can choose the data center to provide server resources requested by the customer to optimize resource usage and/or resiliency. This paper investigates the design of scalable optimization models to perform the virtual network mapping resiliently. We compare various resilience options, and analyze their compromise between bandwidth requirements and resiliency quality.

Network softwarization technologies, such as software defined networking (SDN), network virtualization (NV), and network function virtualization (NFV), emerge and have been greatly promoted by their supporters. This softwarization scheme contributes to isolating network control from data panel, and allocating virtualized physical network resources flexibly. However, physical switches and links, supporting the softwarization scheme, may be attacked by malicious attackers. Even if these switches and links are softwarized and virtualized successfully, the problem of mapping various virtual network requests, known as virtual network embedding, is difficult to solve directly. Each customized VN request must be allocated and implemented in the appropriate manner. To deal with these issues, we research the virtual network mapping for secure SDN-enabled networks. Firstly, a hierarchical virtualization architecture for SDN- enabled networks is presented. Then, the security model for different malicious attacks is presented. Thirdly, we propose the novel and secure virtual network mapping framework, labeled as \textit{NoViSec}, for supporting SDN-enabled networks. Preliminary experiment results are plotted and discussed so as to validate the effectiveness of our secure \textit{NoViSec} framework.

The coordinated development of big data, Internet of Things, cloud computing and other technologies has led to an exponential growth in Internet business. However, the traditional Internet architecture gradually shows a rigid phenomenon due to the binding of the network structure and the hardware. In a high-traffic environment, it has been insufficient to meet people’s increasing service quality requirements. Network virtualization is considered to be an effective method to solve the rigidity of the Internet. Among them, virtual network embedding is one of the key problems of network virtualization. Since virtual network mapping is an NP-hard problem, a large number of research has focused on the evolutionary algorithm’s masterpiece genetic algorithm. However, the parameter setting in the traditional method is too dependent on experience, and its low flexibility makes it unable to adapt to increasingly complex network environments. In addition, link-mapping strategies that do not consider load balancing can easily cause link blocking in high-traffic environments. In the IoT environment involving medical, disaster relief, life support and other equipment, network performance and stability are particularly important. Therefore, how to provide a more flexible virtual network mapping service in a heterogeneous network environment with large traffic is an urgent problem. Aiming at this problem, a virtual network mapping strategy based on hybrid genetic algorithm is proposed. This strategy uses a dynamically calculated cross-probability and pheromone-based mutation gene selection strategy to improve the flexibility of the algorithm. In addition, a weight update mechanism based on load balancing is introduced to reduce the probability of mapping failure while balancing the load. Simulation results show that the proposed method performs well in a number of performance metrics including mapping average quotation, link load balancing, mapping cost-benefit ratio, acceptance rate and running time.

RETRACTED: A Global Optimal Mapping Method of Network based on Discrete Optimization Firefly Algorithm

Based on the virtualization technique in optical networks, virtual transport network services (VTNS) has been introduced as a new kind of service in transport networks. With VTNS, transport providers are able to provide their customers entire virtual topologies instead of traditional end-to-end connections. This letter analyzes the new characteristics (i.e., multiple operators, diversified services) aiming at the survivability problem in virtualized optical transport networks, and proposes three novel protection schemes for VTNS against the new features. For the first time, VTNS with the proposed protection schemes are demonstrated on the flexi-grid optical networks testbed with commercial optical transport equipments. Additionally, the performances of the proposed protection schemes have been evaluated via simulations.

Recently, machine learning (ML) has attracted the attention of both researchers and practitioners to address several issues in the optical networking field. This trend has been mainly driven by the huge amount of available data (i.e., signal quality indicators, network alarms, etc.) and to the large number of optimization parameters which feature current optical networks (such as, modulation format, lightpath routes, transport wavelength, etc.). In this paper, we leverage the techniques from the ML discipline to efficiently accomplish the routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) for an input traffic matrix in an optical WDM network. Numerical results show that near-optimal RWA can be obtained with our approach, while reducing computational time up to 93% in comparison to a traditional optimization approach based on integer linear programming. Moreover, to further demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, we deployed the ML classifier into an ONOS-based software defined optical network laboratory testbed, where we evaluate the performance of the overall RWA process in terms of computational time.

Virtualization improves the efficiency of networks by allowing multiple virtual networks to share a single physical network's resources. Next-generation optical transport networks are expected to support virtualization by accommodating multiple virtual networks with different topologies and bit rate requirements. Meanwhile, Optical Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OOFDM) is emerging as a viable technique for efficiently using the optical fiber's bandwidth in an elastic manner. OOFDM partitions the fiber's bandwidth into hundreds or even thousands of OFDM subcarriers that may be allocated to services. In this paper, we consider an OOFDM-based optical network and formulate a virtual network mapping problem for both static and dynamic traffic. This problem has several natural applications, such as e-Science, Grid, and cloud computing. The objective for static traffic is to maximize the subcarrier utilization, while minimizing the blocking ratio is the aim for dynamic traffic. Two heuristics are proposed and compared. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.

Network virtualization is a core technology in next-generation networks to overcome the ossification problem that is observed in the current Internet. The key idea of network virtualization is to split physical network resources into multiple logical networks, each supporting different network services and functionalities. One of the key challenges for virtual network infrastructure providers is to efficiently allocate network resources based on virtual network requests, which is referred to as the virtual network mapping problem. While several algorithms have been proposed previously to solve this mapping problem, their effectiveness is limited since virtual requests specify the internal topology of the virtual network. In this paper, we argue that such internal topologies lead to unnecessary constraints and less efficient solutions. Instead, we propose an alternate formulation of the problem that represents virtual network requests as traffic matrices. We provide a solutions to solving this traffic-matrix-based mapping problem using a mixed integer programming formulation. Our simulation results show that our approach can map significantly more virtual network requests on a physical network infrastructure than previous mapping algorithms and thus improves the efficient use of networking resources in virtual networks.