Web programming in Guide

WebWriter: A browser-based editor for constructing Web applications

The Common Gateway Interface (CGI) was the first attempt to enable the creation of dynamic HTML pages which represent a very suitable concept to meet the requirements of web-based applications for remote data analysis (RDA). CGI scripts are still popular, but by now there are new approaches which should be able to solve the main CGI problems. In this paper, we present the most promising one: Java Servlets. We will discuss the advantages and drawbacks of Java Servlets compared to CGI scripts. Moreover, we will do some performance measurements on the basis of simple classification problems and introduce the key functions of the Java Servlet API.

Psychological studies implementing the World-Wide Web as a data collection medium have traditionally been constrained to data obtained from surveys or from within-subjects comparisons. Common gateway interface (CGI) scripts, however, provide researchers with a means of collecting data for between-subjects comparisons. This paper provides a description of the information flow between the user (subject) and the experimenter by referencing a completed between-subjects assignment CGI. A current online cognitive psychology experiment serves as an example of the utility of CGIs as subject assignment mechanisms. Server-side and client-side scripts are compared for effectiveness at data collection, with these types of designs in mind.

The Internet and World Wide Web (WWW) are now evolving as an important communication technology and a major information resource provider for industry. This paper discusses the development and implementation of a knowledge-based gear design and manufacturing system over the Internet to create new integrated design and manufacturing environments. By providing access to an interactive web-based support system, any designer with a WWW browser becomes a potential user of this on-line design system. Once connected, the designer follows the system instructions and submits the necessary input data on the appropriate web pages. The server receives a request from a client and invokes a CGI (Common Gateway Interface) program that processes the information provided through the user Interface. The CGI parses the data and has the ability to remotely run the knowledge-based gear design system that integrates knowledge about all aspects of gear design and manufacturing and provides powerful reasoning and decision-making capabilities for reducing the time between gear tooth creation, detailed design and manufacturing process specification via the Internet. When the execution is completed, full specifications definition, geometry, kinematic-loads and stresses are determined through Finite Element Analysis (FEA) within ANSYS, VRML models of the gear pair and gearbox assembly including gears, shafts, bearings and housing are exported according to the designer requests and sent back to designer on the web browser. To accomplish this, a combination of HTML, JavaScript, VRML, CGI Script and C++ is used. Finally, an example on spur gear design utilizing a parallel gearbox design model configuration is discussed.

Boomerang is a dynamic HTML page reconfiguration system. A user accesses Boomerang via the Common Gateway Interface. The user supplies a page name and a template, Boomerang fetches the requested page and uses the template to reconfigure it. The template is a sequence of string manipulation rules. The rules are written in a simple regular expression-based pattern matching language. Boomerang also parses HTML variables informs and query strings and makes those variables available in the template. By taking advantage of Boomerang's dynamic page reconfiguration features, users can easily add navigational links, suppress images, redefine HTML tags, and reshape a page as desired. Since Boomerang is reached through the Common Gateway Interface and understands HTML variables, Boomerang can also be used as a general form-handling script. Several examples are given to show the utility of Boomerang. Boomerang is compatible with existing browsers and servers and does not compromise their security.

Traditional document construction, while potentially concurrent and occasionally collaborative, is rarely both. As a result, opportunities for compressing time to the first draft and increasing content value can not be easily leveraged. Further, the absence of a framework that supports collaboration constrains the potential for continuous document evolution (i.e., a living document). These conditions stem from not only lack of technology application, but equally an evolution in document construction culture. The Internet serves as a collection of models in which varying levels of collaboration are supported. For example, news groups and e- mail permit dialogues in both broadcast and directed modes, and HTML formatted files provide a forum for hyperlinking multi-media documentation. These technologies, however, exist in isolation and do not individually provide the services necessary for supporting collaboration during concurrent document construction. While commercially-available document- centered frameworks are emerging as viable virtual integration environments, their fairly minimal level of integration with Internet protocols and standards (most notably HTTP and HTML) constrain widespread use within organizational intranets. The lack of native support for HTML mandates deliberate conversion steps for access by common client applications (e.g., WWW browsers). As a result, GRC International, Inc., (GRCI) initiated development of a WWW-based, virtual integration environment (VIE) in which documentation contributors, integrators and reviewers could collaborate using common Internet client applications for user access. The VIE was developed as a collection of services interfaced to an HTTP server via the common gateway interface (CGI). These services implemented as a single CGI program dynamically construct the VIE user interface to reflect continuing updates to documentation submissions, review, and revisions. Contributions submitted as MIME-encoded e-mail messages may be integrated as new documents or as revisions without requiring the user to understand HTML or the underlying document storage implementation.

The Common Gateway Interface (CGI) is a method used by web servers to run external programs (known as CGI scripts or CGI programs), typically to generate web content dynamically. Whenever a web page queries a database, or a user submits a form, a CGI script is usually called upon to do the work.KeywordsEmpty StringExcellent BookPrint HeaderCommon Gateway InterfaceBlank LineThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

본 논문은 인터넷 상에 산재해 있는 활용 가능한 다양한 모티프 및 도메인 관련 리소스들을 통합화 함으로써 체계적이고 효율적인 모티프 및 도메인 검색을 할 수 있는 통합 시스템 개발에 대해 다루고 있다. 이러한 시스템을 개발하기 위해 산재해 있는 모티프 및 도메인 관련 개별 데이터베이스의 핵심 부분만을 취합하여 로컬 데이터베이스화하고, 해당 데이터베이스에서 사용되는 개별 분석 도구들을 로컬 서버에 설치하였다. 그리고 다양한 유틸리티 및 CGI 프로그램 등을 통해서 이들 데이터베이스와 분석 도구들을 상호연동시켰고, 단일 웹 인터페이스를 통해 전체적으로 통합하였다. 본 연구에서 개발한 모티프 및 도메인 통합 검색 시스템을 활용한다면, 최종 사용자들은 인터넷 상을 서핑하는데 많은 시간을 낭비하지 않고, 원스톱(one-stop) 서비스를 통해 본인이 하고자 하는 정확한 모티프 및 도메인 검색을 할 수 있어 보다 효율적이고 정확한 단백질 기능분석을 행 할 수 있을 것이다. This paper deals with an integrated system that facilitates researchers to do motif and domain search effectively and systematically. The system we developed is constructed on the basis of the integration of various resources related to motif, domain, and protein family. Those resources that can be classified into databases and search programs are dispersed to be available in Internet. In order to develop this system, we extracted core contents of diverse databases, which are required to analyze the protein function in terms of motifs or domains, to construct local databases and installed motif or domain search programs on our server, which corresponding database has as its own search program. Diverse utilities and CGI (Common Gateway Interface) programs make the databases and the search programs interlocked and web-based graphical user interfaces integrate all the components of our system. Employing our integrated system, end-users can receive its one-stop service to do protein function analysis systematically and effectively, without surfing many sites in Internet and wasting time over integrating search results.

Chapter 6 - Interacting with the user using ASP.NET forms

The development of the CORBA standard and the creation of the IIOP protocol allowed the creation of distributed object-oriented applications in heterogeneous systems. The IIOP protocol enabled communication between brokers' requests from various manufacturers. It also began to be used as a protocol for communication of Java applet objects run in a web browser environment with objects running on the server, replacing the less flexible and universal CGI (Common Gateway Interface) protocol. Therefore, it became deliberate to provide CORBA facilities on the Internet. However, sharing these facilities requires two solutions. The first problem concerns networks protected by a firewall. Some of these devices allow communication through one or more TCP and UDP ports, which makes it impossible to use the IIOP protocol directly. The solution to this problem is tunneling of the IIOP (HTTP tunneling) protocol through other protocols; however, this is an unusual and not recommended approach. Another way to make the object available is to start the object so that its object adapter is running on a specific TCP port open through the firewall. You can also run a proxy (proxy) of the shared object on the port open through the firewall. The second problem concerns the provision of object access control. In the case of the IIOP protocol, firewall protection is not sufficient when it is done at a level lower than the IIOP protocol layer. Control of access to CORBA objects should be implemented using the concepts of CORBA and IIOP standards. This requires the creation of a system operating at the level of these layers, cooperating with the fire wall.

To avoid the shortcomings of inefficiency of manual collection, complicated wiring of cable network monitoring and difficult maintenance, the design of intelligent greenhouse monitoring system featuring WSN(wireless sensor network) was developed, which combined sensors with ZigBee wireless network technology. The system realizes wireless collection and transmission of data and information with ZigBee technology, which transmits data and controlling information to the internet through the CGI(common gateway interface), enabling operators check data and control in a real-time manner from the remote PC, and then realizing the true remote monitoring.

Multimedia on the World Wide Web refers to not only the text-based transfers, but in addition involves audio, and video. When a client makes a request to the server using the conventional HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol), the server responds by sending the requested document and terminates the established logical connection between the client and the server. The server does not maintain the status of any earlier logical connections made with the clients. However, for interactive multimedia applications involving audio, video, and messaging, a stateless protocol such as the HTTP is rather insufficient. Other plug in modules, and additional protocols are needed. Very helpful for the interactive multimedia applications is a working knowledge of the CGI (common gateway interface), Java and Java applets along with the event handling, threading and Java script procedures. For the three dimensional images, VRML (virtual reality modeling language) and the associated software modules are very useful. In this article, the authors would present and analyze the above mentioned tools needed to really accomplish interactive multimedia applications on the Web.

본 논문은 웹 시스템 환경에서 안전한 데이터 전송을 만족하는 Protocol-Based Security Module 구조의 제안과 이를 구현한 내용에 대해서 언급한다. Protocol-Based Security Module 구조는 크게 두 개의 모듈로 구현된다. 하나는 웹 서버에서 동작하는 Web Server Security Module이고, 다른 하나는 클라이언트에서 동작하는 Winsock Client Security Module 이다. 웹 서버 보안 모듈은 암호된 메시지를 클라이언트에게 전송하고 클라이언트 보안 모듈은 서버로부터 받은 암호화된 메시지를 정상적인 메시지로 변환하여 웹 브라우저에 나타나게 한다. 웹 서버 보안 모듈은 HTML 파일에 대한 암호화 기능과 클라이언트 모듈에서 보낸 암호화된 메시지를 복호화하는 기능을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 보안 구조는 클라이언트와 서버간에 간단한 모듈의 설치로 안전한 데이터 전송을 보장한다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 클라이언트, 서버 모듈의 구현 내용을 실험하였다. We implement the PBSM (Protocol-Based Security Module) system which guarantees the secure data transmission under web circumstances. There are two modules to implement for the PBSM architecture. One is Web Server Security Module (WSSM) which is working on a web server, the other is the Winsock Client Security Module (WSCSM) which is working on a client. The WSCSM security module decrypts the encrypted HTML document that is received from the security web server The decrypted HTML document is displayed on the screen of a client. The WSSM module contains the encryption part for HTML file and the decryption part for CGI (Common Gateway Interface). We also implement the proposed idea at the web system.

The complexity and cost of maintaining human-manufacturing system interfaces is driven by the constant changes to production equipment, machinery, software, sensors controls and operational strategies−changes which are needed to remain competitive. The difficulty in developing and maintaining a coherent user-system interface is particularly evident when integrating modules from several vendors with proprietary operator interfaces and little protocol consistency among the system components. In this paper we introduce a new means for constructing graphical user interfaces for control and monitoring of manufacturing systems. Our approach is based on a client/server model separating user interface from application, and is implemented with HTML (HyperText Markup Language) and CGI (Common Gateway Interface) technologies. The paper presents a summary of the types of tasks for which this approach is applicable, an overview of the technology, and an example of the approach being implemented to develop a proof of concept model.

HyperSQL is an interoperability layer that enables database administrators to rapidly construct browser-based query interfaces to remote Sybase databases. Current browsers (i.e., Netscape, Mosaic, Internet Explorer) do not easily interoperate with databases without extensive CGI (Common Gateway Interface) programming. HyperSQL can be used to create forms and hypertext-based database interfaces for non-computer experts (e.g., scientists, business users). Such interfaces permit the user to query databases by filling out query forms selected from menus. No knowledge of SQL is required because the interface automatically composes SQL from user input. Database results are automatically formatted as graphics and hypertext, including clickable links which can issue additional queries for browsing through related data, bring up other Web pages, or access remote search engines. Query interfaces are constructed by inserting a small set of HyperSQL descriptors and HTML formatting into text files. No compilation is necessary because commands are interpreted and carried out by the special gateway, positioned between the remote databases and the Web browser. Feedback from developers who have used the initial release of HyperSQL has been encouraging. At present, query interfaces have been successfully implemented for three major NSF-sponsored biological databases: Microbial Germplasm Database, Mycological Types Collection, and Vascular Plants Types Collection.