WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

Natural calamities are always miserable for the fishermen and sea travelers. In fact, they have to face plethora of systematic challenges. For instance, sudden climate changes, which will pause their further journey amidst the sea for long time without food and any external communication and will result in life threatening situations. Furthermore they failed to control the water flow inside the boat. Even though there are traditional methods by using manpower, most of the methods are inconvenient and outdated. Besides, most of the fishermen are unaware of the maritime border of the neighboring countries. Obviously, they are caught by the coastal guards and imprisoned due to their illegal trespassing. There are no effective communication methods are available to forward the fisherman when the sudden climate changes to be happen in land. Effective remedial measures are necessary to overcome these problems. The main perspective of our paper is to propose a systematic solution for these issues. It does consist of three distinct systems to neutralize the issues. Firstly, a water control system which consist of water level sensor which detects the water level inside the boat and control the water pump to remove the water out to sea from boat here the Zigbee wireless technology helps to send the danger message to the land station. Secondly, a wireless communication system which enables the land station to send the warning message to the boat or ship regarding climate variations. Finally, a border detection system, which uses a 433MHz receiver used to detect the border crossing and display the warning message on the LCD. Commercially available boat security system is expensive being imported into our country. Keywords: water level sensor, Zigbee Technology, Liquid Crystal Display Cite this Article Afna Jaffer, Anaswarakrishna C.P., Greeshma Eldho, Chika K., Neethu Ponnappan. Intelligent Border Alert and Boat Security System. Recent Trends in Electronics & Communication Systems . 2020; 7(2): 9–12p.

The Internet of Things, abbreviated as IoT, is a new networking paradigm composed of wireless and wired networks, geographically distributed and interconnected by a “secured” backbone, essentially, the Internet. It connects billions of heterogeneous devices, called Things, using different communication technologies and provides end-users, all over the world, with a variety of smart applications. IoT constitutes a new evolution for the Internet in terms of diversity, size, and applications. It also invites cybercriminals who exploit IoT infrastructures to conduct large scale, distributed, and devastating cyberattacks that may have serious consequences. The security of IoT infrastructures strongly depends on the security of its wired and wireless infrastructures. Still, the wireless infrastructures are thought to be the most outspread, important, and vulnerable part of IoT. To achieve the security goals in the wireless infrastructures of IoT, it is crucial to have a comprehensive understanding of IoT attacks, their classification, and security solutions in such infrastructures. In this paper, we provide a survey of attacks related to the wireless infrastructures of IoT in general, and to the most used short-range wireless communication technologies in the resource-constrained part of IoT in particular. Namely, we consider Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, ZigBee, and RFID wireless communication technologies. The paper also provides a taxonomy of these attacks based on a security service-based attack classification and discusses existing security defenses and mechanisms that mitigate certain attacks as well as the limitations of these security mechanisms.

Vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure wireless communications are currently under development to improve traffic efficiency and safety. The time-critical nature of road safety applications imposes the need to accurately dimension the operation and performance of wireless vehicular communication systems. Given that radio propagation modeling has been shown to importantly affect the performance of traditional mobile and wireless communication systems, this work investigates its impact on the dimensioning of traffic safety wireless vehicular communications by separately analyzing the contributions of pathloss, shadowing and fast fading.

The popularity of agents in artificial intelligence (AI) can be seen almost everywhere in the form of effective decision making, predictive analysis, expert systems, and so on. In parallel, wireless communication systems in the form of wireless local area networks (WLANs) and wireless personal area networks (WPANs) are also providing tremendous support for data communication. Exploring and utilizing the benefits of artificial intelligence and wireless communication systems together in an environment are still in the nascent stage due to the divergent characteristics of the respective domain. One of the major drawbacks in the existing wireless communication system is interference in 2.4 GHz band. This work proposes a multi-agent-based interference mitigation technique to mitigate the interference issues in wireless communication system and aims to enhance the communication process in terms of packet delivery ratio. This work is implemented as a pilot project in an educational institution for teaching students in wireless communication environment, the result shows that technology has added new dimensions to teaching–learning process, and performance of the wireless communication system is also increased in terms of packet delivery ratio.

Physical layer security (PLS) in wireless communication systems has attracted extensive research attentions in recent years. Unlike cryptography-based methods applied in upper-layer in network, PLS methods are applied in physical layers and can provide information-theoretic security by utilizing the randomness of signals and wireless channels. In this survey, we provide a comprehensive review in the domain of physical layer authentication (PLA) in wireless communication systems, including the concepts, several key techniques of typical PLA architectures as well as future challenges and research trends in more sophisticated communication systems. The survey begins with an overview of the background and basic concepts of PLA, such as the general model of wireless security communication system, typical frameworks of key-based/less PLA systems, and the common attack models. We then discuss the major concerns and key techniques that are applied in PLA systems, where three types of authentication schemes are considered, i.e., the authentication based on channel information, radio-frequency and identity watermarks. Basic models and representative research results about key approaches and techniques applied to the authentication systems above are subsequently covered. Finally, the associated challenges and potential research trends of PLA in future communication systems are presented at the end of the survey paper.

The design of a wireless water level control system is introduced and discussed in detail. In this system, the wireless Proportional Integral (PI) controller is developed using the LabVIEW graphical user programming language. Zigbee wireless technology is chosen for the wireless data transfer system. The experimental testbed was built and the system software and hardware were implemented. In order to compare the performance of the wired and wireless system, a corresponding wired water level control system was built. Experimental results show that under the same PI parameters, the settling time of the wired system is 3.3 times faster than the wireless system. However, the percent overshoot using the wireless controller is 4% smaller.

The rapid growth of wireless communication systems and devices has increased global energy consumption in wireless communication networks. Therefore, wireless communication technologies are advancing towards the development of fifth-generation wireless communication systems and beyond, i.e., towards the development of sixth-generation wireless communication systems. It is important that the energy efficiency of wireless communication systems considered a significant parameter along with data rate, delay and reliability. Green wireless communication systems aim to reduce the power consumption of wireless communication systems minimize carbon emissions and make wireless communication systems environmentally sustainable. This paper presents a comprehensive review of sustainable wireless communication systems and energy-efficient protocols for green wireless communication systems. This study discusses various architectural strategies such as energy-efficient base stations, heterogeneous and ultra-dense networks, cloud radio access networks, adaptive networks, renewable energy and their role enables wireless networks to modify their behavior according to the nature of the data and availability of resources. Further, the paper discusses the role of sustainable wireless protocols in all layers of wireless communication, where techniques like power control, duty cycle, energy-efficient routing and transport protocols are playing a significant role in removing the unnecessary communication and utilizing resources efficiently. It also discusses enabling technologies that can be utilized in energy-efficient network operation including energy harvesting, cognitive radio, artificial intelligence, edge computing and network virtualization. Moreover, some of the major challenges in energy-efficient wireless communication including decisions, complexity, security, cost, and regulatory issues, are addressed. This study provides an sustainable wireless communication can be achieved based on recent developments and existing research gaps in wireless communication particularly in future 5G and 6G networks.

Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN), is a network structure which is used primarily for establishing connections between servers, printers and other endpoint devices found within smaller scale areas, such as a building or a group of buildings. These structures offer the superior advantages of shared access for applications and devices, means of file-transfer and electronic mail communication to users found within areas which include cafeterias, dormitories or miscellaneous intra-campus applications. The use of WLAN applications has become increasingly common with the integration of these structures into wired networks -especially with intra-campus wired infrastructures- and of new wireless devices that support high-speed communication, thanks to the introduction of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11n standard. In this paper the network infrastructure of T.Ü. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Lecture Center -and the established WLAN structure therein- shall be discussed. Experiences and examples obtained from this application will be given along with samples from wireless security policies employed. Keywords: 802.11n, WLAN, Wireless Security, Repeater, Metro Ethernet, WLAN Design.

Nowadays, interest for compatible simulators with high flexibility to explore the performance of Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) is definitely increasing. One of the main reasons of such interest is the upcoming 5G technology, related to the Internet-of-Things (IoT). In this paper, we present a MATLAB-based link-level simulator for WLAN with still used (IEEE 802.11g/n/ac) and upcoming (IEEE 802.11ah/af) technologies. Realization of the whole WLAN link-level simulator is highly inspired by the recognized Vienna LTE-simulator. As a result, it is possible to join together these simulators to explore the performance of WLAN and LTE, operating in the same radio frequency (RF) band. From the point of future 5G based cellular networks, such exploring is important because different coexistence scenarios can occur between wireless communications systems in the ISM and UHF bands.

Providing quality of service (QoS) for real time applications over wireless local area networks is becoming a very challenging task due to the diversity of multimedia applications. Concurrently, there are numerous wireless local area networks WLAN(s) devices that are rising today. In the current paper, we focus on Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11n because it was designed to support a high data transmission rate (towards 600 Mbps). It is based on frame aggregation schemes that accumulate many subframes to be transmitted into a single larger frame. Thus overheads are reduced, efficiency and throughput are improved. However, it increases delay particularly for low rate applications. In fact, when the queue is empty, the medium access control layer (MAC) has to wait other packets to arrive in the queue to construct the whole aggregated frame. Moreover, if flows are not served, they will be accumulated in the queue causing an increased delay. To overcome these limitations, we propose a new dynamic frame aggregation (DFA) scheduler to provide QoS satisfaction to real time services. DFA schedules flows based on urgency delay and waiting delay, then it dynamically adjusts the payload size of aggregated frame. Conducted simulations prove that the proposed DFA scheduler provides QoS delay and throughput guarantee, and it reduces the number of dropped packets. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Utility maximization of capacity entropy for multi-user access for the next generation WLANs

In the rapidly growing domain of wireless communication, data security has emerged as a critical requirement, especially in resource-constrained embedded systems. This paper proposes a secure wireless communication system based on ZigBee technology and Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), implemented using Arduino microcontrollers. The system comprises a transmitter that accepts data via a keyboard, encrypts it using AES-128, and transmits it wirelessly via ZigBee. The receiver decrypts the data and displays it on an LCD. Leveraging ZigBee’s low-power and low-data-rate characteristics, the design ensures secure, efficient, and scalable communication suitable for applications such as home automation, military systems, and industrial control. The integration of AES encryption ensures end-to-end data confidentiality without significantly impacting transmission speed or energy consumption. Performance evaluation confirms the system’s viability for Internet of Things (IoT) applications demanding both security and efficiency. Keywords: Wireless Communication, ZigBee Protocol, AES-128 Encryption, Arduino Microcontroller, Secure Data Transmission, End-to-End Encryption.

Deploying wireless technologies in industrial automation becomes more and more common. It is an enabler for many innovative applications where moving system components are involved, e. g. rotating parts of machines. However, many of such applications impose high temporal requirements on the wireless system, for instance isochronous data communication. Today, these requirements can not be met by existing solutions, such as IEEE802.11 Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs). In this paper, an isochronous wireless communication system is investigated. It mainly consists of a deterministic medium access control, based on IEEE 802.11, which is extended with additional features for isochronous communication. The presented preliminary analysis shows the system's feasibility for the targeted industrial applications and presents promising performance improvements in comparison with standard mechanisms.

In order to solve the problems of low-risk assessment accuracy and long time-consuming assessment of current wireless mobile communication systems, a wireless mobile communication system based on artificial intelligence algorithms is proposed. First, the research status of risk assessment of wireless mobile communication system at home and abroad is analyzed, and the risk assessment index system of wireless mobile communication system is established; then, the learning samples are collected according to the risk assessment index system of wireless mobile communication system, and artificial intelligence algorithm is used to optimize the neural network. Build the wireless mobile communication system risk assessment model; finally, carry out the wireless mobile communication system risk assessment simulation comparison test. The experimental results show that the accuracy rate of the risk assessment of the wireless mobile communication system by the artificial intelligence algorithm is over 95%, and the assessment error is smaller than in other models. The risk assessment time of the wireless mobile communication system is significantly reduced, the real-time performance is better, and it has a higher practical application value.

Wireless communication systems transmit and receive information through free space. Thus, there are other factors to consider when designing a wireless communication system. One of those factors is Free space Path Loss (FPSL), which refers to the loss of signal strength in the propagation of the signal in free space. In this study, the effects of obstruction and distance on the FSPL of the transmission in mobile networks and Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) will be measured. The measured results show that the obstructions have a higher impact on the received signal compared to the distance. In the mobile network setting, the open area has an FPSL of 111 dB, whereas the obstructed office area has a significantly higher FSPL of 158 dB. Furthermore, in the WLAN setting, the FSPL of an obstructed area is 19 dB higher than the line-of-sight propagation. Thus, the layout of the area to implement a wireless communication system must be thoroughly analyzed for obstructions and distance to provide optimal wireless communication service to customers.