The Constitutional Court is authorized to review statutes against the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia,, and its decisions are final and binding. However, the absence of an explicit prohibition against reenacting annulled norms in Law Number 12 of 2011 in conjunction with Law Number 13 of 2022 on the Formation of Legislation creates legal uncertainty and risks weakening the authority of the Court. This study analyzes the legal implications of Constitutional Court decisions for lawmakers in regulating a prohibition on reenacting revoked norms within the framework of the rule of law. Using a normative legal method with statutory, conceptual, and case approaches, the study finds that Constitutional Court decisions are erga omnes and obligate lawmakers to follow up through amendment, revocation, or normative adjustment. The absence of explicit regulation enables the recurrence of unconstitutional norms and undermines constitutional supremacy. Therefore, clear statutory provisions prohibiting the reenactment of annulled norms are necessary to strengthen legal certainty and preserve the authority of Constitutional Court decisions.

This research evaluates the legal protection of famous trademarks under Indonesian law, examining the extent to which existing regulations safeguard trademarks with strong public recognition. As valuable corporate assets, famous trademarks require effective legal protection to prevent misuse and infringement. However, globalization and technological advancements have intensified intellectual property violations, posing significant challenges to trademark owners. Using a normative juridical approach, this research analyzes relevant legislation and judicial practices in Indonesia while identifying obstacles in maintaining trademark exclusivity in both domestic and international markets. Through this analysis, the research aims to provide policy recommendations to strengthen trademark protection and develop a more adaptive legal framework that responds to technological and global challenges.

This paper is a critical examination of constitutional provisions that enable apartheid systems, with a focus on how they allow segregation and discrimination to be established and perpetuated. Despite the global condemnation of apartheid following its horrors in South Africa, similar traits are still visible across a number of jurisdictions today, notably in Israel's treatment of Palestinians and Myanmar's oppression of the Rohingya. This study investigates three of such highest laws of the land, analyzing the roles they play in legitimizing such regimes and how they are instrumentalized to sustain segregation by design. Employing a substantive and structural comparative analytical approach, the research scrutinizes the constitutions of South Africa, Israel, and Myanmar, unearthing common denominators that facilitate apartheid practices. These include the creation of identity-based citizenship conditions, provisions allowing discriminatory treatment, constraints on the political participation of marginalized groups, and the entrenchment of power that hinders reformative action. The findings reveal that apartheid-enabling provisions do not necessarily explicitly endorse segregation. Instead, they often afford broad legislative powers that can be exploited to this end, as was the case in Apartheid South Africa. Similarly, the constitutions of Israel and Myanmar offer constitutional protection to selected ethnic groups, legitimizing and institutionalizing segregation. The research concludes with the identification of at least four key elements common across the studied constitutions that contribute to the maintenance of apartheid systems: differentiated citizenship status, legitimized segregationist practices, limited political participation for certain demographics, and entrenched power structures resistant to change.

Issues in Indonesia's labor law stem from the influx of foreign workers and their impact on domestic employment. This recurring problem arises as foreign investment brings in experts or laborers from their home countries, often leading to conflicts with local workers. Indonesia's sizable population does not correspond with available job opportunities, resulting in unemployment and economic disparities across regions. Consequently, the renewal of Indonesia's Job Creation Law of 2020 and its accompanying regulations are crucial. This research adopts a normative legal research method, focusing on secondary legal materials to analyze the legal framework and conceptual aspects related to foreign labor regulations post the Job Creation Law. It identifies challenges within the new regulations and proposes solutions to address them effectively.

The state recognizes and respects units of regional government that are special or special in nature. This recognition and respect is valid until the customary law community and their traditional rights are still alive and in accordance with the development of society and the principles of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia as referred to in Article 18 B paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The state for village autonomy along with its traditional rights is an embodiment of the constitutional provisions in the form of regulating customary villages in the Indonesian government system as stipulated in Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages. Efforts to strengthen the recognition of customary villages need to be realized in the legal politics of regulating customary villages that are just and constitutional so that customary villages can be realized in real terms. This study aims to analyze whether the legal politics of customary village recognition in regional governance is based on the principle of autonomy in Indonesia and its implementation. The method used is empirical normative legal research with a statutory approach and concepts and field studies. The results of the research and discussion show that the legal politics of customary village recognition in the implementation of regional government based on the principle of autonomy in Indonesia is a constitutional mandate and legislation that must be carried out by all parties consequently and fairly. Objectively, Article 18 B paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages have fundamental policy directions to strengthen the existence of traditional villages and their traditional rights in a consistent and fair manner in the Indonesian government system.