This article presents the experience of the Clinical Pharmacy Department within the “Marius Nasta” Institute of Pneumonology in Bucharest (IPMN) in terms of functionality and multidisciplinary integration. Through their work, clinical pharmacists optimize drug therapies, monitor adverse reactions and interactions, educate patients, prevent medication errors, and actively support research. The involvement of the clinical pharmacist enhances both the safety and efficacy of treatments, helping to inform therapeutic decisions and the judicious use of available resources. At the same time, the institute has established itself as a valuable training centre for new generations of clinical pharmacists. The IPMN’s experience highlights the need for a clear legislative framework so that clinical pharmacists can fully assume their role in modern patient care.

Napoleon Bonaparte was the Emperor of France, consolidating and initiating numerous reforms of the French Revolution. Regarded by many historians as the greatest military leader of the modern era, he conquered a significant portion of European territory while also focusing on modernizing the nation he led. In this multi-part structured material, we will attempt to provide concise biographies of notable personalities in the French medical world who distinguished themselves during the Napoleonic Era, emphasizing not only the fields of pharmacy and chemistry but also botany and physics.

Infections caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) are characterized by a very high infectivity, predominantly sexually transmitted, a long asymptomatic course, a spontaneous clearance of the virus, but also by the development of benign and malignant tumor processes. Benign conditions caused by HPV include cutaneous and anogenital warts. Currently, there are no specific evidence-based medical treatments for HPV infection. The available treatments focus on symptoms and diseases with clinical manifestations such as warts or cancer. For these reasons, timely and appropriate treatment is needed. Several conventional treatments are available, with variable response, such as cryotherapy, surgery, laser therapy, cytotoxic, antiproliferative (antimitotic), immunomodulatory and antivirals. Cytotoxic agents used include salicylic acid, podophyllin, podoxifilotoxin, cantharidin, and as antiproliferative preparations, bleomycin and 5-fluorouracil are used. Among immunomodulatory agents with significant degree of evidence, there are imiquimod, Mycobacterium w vaccine, bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, measles, mumps and rubella vaccine, Candida antigen, trichophyton antigen, tuberculin, zinc, cimetidine, levamisole, HPV vaccine, Corynebacterium parvum, sinecatechin, echinacea, propolis, glycyrrhizinic acid and vitamin D. Cidofovir, acyclovir and valacyclovir are the most studied antiviral preparations in HPV infection.

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) represent a highly important therapeutic class in the treatment of neoplastic, autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, offering increased specificity for molecular targets and a favorable safety profile. However, their use is accompanied by a variety of adverse reactions. This article provides a comprehensive synthesis of the safety profile of monoclonal antibodies, with a focus on immunogenicity and immunologically mediated side effects. Historical and technological aspects of mAb development are also analyzed. Immunogenicity, manifested through the formation of anti-drug antibodies (ADA), remains one of the most significant clinical challenges, with a major impact on therapeutic efficacy and patient safety. Identifying risk factors and closely monitoring immunogenicity are essential components in optimizing monoclonal antibody therapies.

Oncologic pathology, together with high morbidity and mortality, imposes major demands on the efficacy and safety of antitumor preparations. For the conventional drugs (alkylating agents, antimetabolites, antitumor antibiotics, antitumor hormones, platinum agents, etc.), which have been used for several decades, the clinical effects and mechanisms of nephrotoxicity have been largely elucidated. Antitumor preparations affect almost all kidney structures (glomerular, tubular, interstitial or vascular cells), manifested by glomerulopathy, interstitial nephritis, tubulointerstitial lesions, proteinuria, electrolyte imbalance and arterial hypertension, with the development of acute renal failure or chronic kidney disease. Concomitantly with anticancer therapy for symptomatic or pathogenetic treatment, there will be administered other groups of drugs with nephrotoxic potential, which may further worsen the patients’ condition and complicate the anticancer therapy. Nephrotoxicity of anti-tumor drugs has been shown to increase in association with drugs that already have a nephrotoxic potential, such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, immunodepressants, aminoglycosides, polymyxins, glycopeptides, antifungals, antivirals, antituberculous drugs, proton pump inhibitors, radiopaque preparations, etc.

Mushrooms have been used throughout history for their medicinal properties. However, modern science has only recently begun to fully explore their therapeutic potential. Recent discoveries have shown that some mushrooms contain bioactive compounds with positive effects on human health, including supporting the immune system and maintaining body balance. Although many medical practitioners remain skeptical or ignorant of the potential benefits of mushrooms, interest in these organisms is growing rapidly (fueled not only by the rich cultural history of the use of mushrooms in traditional medicine but also by technological advances that allow researchers to study the chemical composition of mushrooms and how this may influence the human health). In conclusion, although mushrooms have long been undervalued in modern medicine, our interest and knowledge of their therapeutic potential are growing, and are expected to continue to evolve soon.

Napoleon Bonaparte was the Emperor of France, consolidating and initiating numerous reforms of the French Revolution. Regarded by many historians as the greatest military leader of the modern era, he conquered a significant portion of European territory while also focusing on modernizing the nation he led. In this multi-part structured material, we will attempt to provide concise biographies of notable personalities in the French medical world who distinguished themselves during the Napoleonic era, emphasizing not only in the fields of pharmacy and chemistry but also in botany and physics.

Nutrition plays an important role in oncology, as cancer and its treatment can significantly affect the nutritional status of patients. During cancer therapy, patients may experience weight loss, decreased appetite, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, or constipation, which may affect their overall health and ability to tolerate the treatment. Therefore, ensuring adequate nutrition can be important to maintain the nutritional status and the general health of patients during oncology therapy. Diet should be tailored to the individual needs of patients, taking into account health status, treatment and food tolerance. In addition, foods can have a direct impact on the growth and development of cancer cells, therefore some nutrients can have a protective effect against cancer. For example, foods rich in antioxidants, such as fruits and vegetables, can help prevent cell damage and reduce the risk of cancer. On the other hand, some foods and eating habits can increase the risk of cancer. For example, a high consumption of processed foods, foods high in saturated fat and sugar can increase the risk of cancer. Alcohol consumption and smoking are also known risk factors for cancer. New research combines precision oncology and precision nutrition by integrating information on tumor nutrition and metabolism, patient genomics and cancer cell metabolism, and even the patient’s microbiome that may lead to new approaches to cancer prevention. Good results have been achieved when molecularly targeted therapies and immunotherapy have been used to treat specific forms of cancer together with molecular oncology and molecular nutrition.

Insects have an ability to adapt to the environment during their evolution, thanks to their complex immune system and antioxidant system function. A complex of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, catalase, glutathione S-transferases, glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase), non-enzymatic antioxidants (phenolic compounds, alpha-tocopherol, ascorbic acid, low and high molecular weight thiols) and biologically active peptides were found in insects, which have allowed them to survive in variable environmental conditions. The antioxidant activity of insect extracts and lyophilized insects at different stages of morphogenesis (eggs, larvae, pupae, imago) has been demonstrated by appraising their antioxidant capacities by different methods such as ABTS and DPPH assay, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay.

The obesity epidemic is one of society’s most urgent public health concerns. Significant scientific efforts and researches are directed to the elucidation of its complex physiopathology, as well as the clinical management of obesity and weight-related comorbidities. The treatment of obesity is highly focused on the patient, so various pharmacological and surgical approaches may be required, depending on the affected persons. An effective management in the treatment of obesity involves lifestyle interventions, complementary medicine, and alternative therapy, including drug treatment or bariatric surgery. Currently, FDA has approved four appetite inhibitors (phentermine, phendimetrazine, diethylpropion, and benzphetamine) recommended for short-term use (≤12 weeks), five drugs (orlistat, phentermine/topiramate, naltrexone/bupropion, liraglutide, semaglutide) for long-term use, and two preparations (metreleptin, setmelanotide) for people with rare obesity syndromes, determined by three specific rare genetic conditions. For the treatment of obesity, FDA recommends six major drugs (phentermine/topiramate, naltrexone/bupropion, liraglutide, semaglutide, orlistat, setmelatonin), while the European Agency of Medicine recommends only four substances.