Tijekom 21. stoljeća civilizacija se susreće s velikim promjenama kada je riječ o stilovima života. Ubrzan razvoj medicinskih znanosti i tehnologije pozitivno je utjecao na produljenje prosječnoga ljudskog života. S druge strane moderan način života dovodi do niza kroničnih nezaraznih bolesti i zdravstvenih tegoba koje se javljaju u sve ranijoj životnoj dobi i mladima narušavaju kvalitetu života. Dok su u 21. stoljeću u nekim siromašnim zemljama i dalje prisutne pothranjenost i neimaština, u bogatijim zemljama vlada epidemija preuhranjenosti. Djetinjstvo i adolescencija razdoblja su u kojima se kod mladih događa čitav niz promjena u tjelesnoj, socijalnoj i emocionalnoj domeni, ali i vrijeme stjecanja stavova prema osobnom zdravlju te životnih navika i ponašanja koja, ako nisu pravilna, čine osnovu i temelj za razvoj bolesti i tegoba koje predstavljaju ogroman teret, kako djeci i njihovim roditeljima tako i suvremenom društvu u cjelini. Pravo na zdravlje jedno je od temeljnih prava djeteta. Roditelji, škola i šira zajednica imaju moralnu odgovornost prema djeci u kontekstu njihova razvoja, obrazovanja i zdravlja. Odgovornost podrazumijeva donošenje odluka koje idu u svrhu zaštite i afirmiranja dobrobiti, uz poštovanje prava i dostojanstva svakog djeteta. Pojava rane pretilosti utječe na sve aspekte djetetova života te kao takva predstavlja značajan izazov za javno zdravlje i društvo. Životne se navike usvajaju od najranije dobi, stoga školska djeca zahtijevaju posebnu pažnju roditelja i škole kako bi se osiguralo da odrastu u zdrave mlade ljude koji će kao nositelji pozitivnih promjena oblikovati održivu budućnost.

This study proposes an approach to improving emotion classification performance by introducing a Sequential Emotion Learning (SEL) method. Conventional learning methods often struggle with fine-grained emotion categories. To address this, the SEL approach first trains the model on seven basic emotions, which are relatively easier to classify due to their clear distinctions. The model is then fine-tuned using 24 more nuanced emotion labels, enhancing its ability to tackle complex emotion classification tasks. Experimental results suggest that the SEL method performs better than the baseline, achieving higher accuracy from the early stages of training. The SEL model also reaches its peak performance relatively quickly and shows improved classification capabilities on unseen, general sentences, indicating its robustness across different text scenarios. These results suggest that the SEL method can effectively improve emotion classification, particularly in tasks that require distinguishing complex emotions. This sequential learning approach offers a potential advantage over traditional methods and may be applied to other domains that involve intricate classification tasks. Future research can explore the generalizability of this method to other classification problems to further enhance its utility.

Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is increasingly present in oncology, challenging the boundaries of conventional practice and raising important bioethical issues. This cross-sectional study investigated perceptions of the therapeutic value of CAM among 832 participants: 411 oncology patients and 421 healthcare professionals at a Croatian university hospital. Using validated CHBQ and IMAQ instruments, the results showed that patients’ expectations were significantly higher than those of physicians (p<0.001), particularly regarding psychophysical well-being (72.1%), immune system support (89.8%), and reduction of side effects (82.9%). Nurses occupied a middle position. These discrepancies reflect empirical differences and deeper ethical tensions between clinical authority and patient autonomy. CAM is a space where patients assert agency, seek meaning, and strive for holistic healing beyond biomedical reductionism. The findings underscore the need for ethical integration of evidence-based CAM into oncology care, supported by improved education and respectful dialogue. Supporting informed decision-making requires bridging epistemological gaps while respecting patients’ values.

This study investigates the prevalence and characteristics of distinct roles in cyberbullying: victims, perpetrators, and victim-perpetrators in elementary schools. The random sample consisted of 1.662 students from elementary schools in Zagreb, the capital of Croatia, and the research was conducted using the European Cyberbullying Intervention Project Questionnaire (ECIPQ). Participants were classified into cyberbullying roles based on their responses to ECIPQ and compared across a range of individual (gender, grade level, loneliness), digital (frequency and type of internet use), school-related (academic success, absenteeism), and family-related (parental relationship status) variables, as well as their tendency to report peer victimization. Based on the data, the most common role in cyberbullying was being non-involved, followed by victims, victim-perpetrators, and finally, perpetrators as the least common group. Findings revealed significant differences among the roles in nearly all examined domains. Victim-perpetrators reported the highest levels of loneliness, absenteeism, and internet use and were most likely to report experiences of victimization. Girls were more frequently classified as victims or victim-perpetrators, while students in higher grades showed greater involvement in cyberbullying. Reporting of peer victimization was significantly more common among students who experienced victimization. The role-based approach highlighted distinct patterns of emotional vulnerability and digital behavior, underscoring the need for early, targeted interventions focused on digital resilience, communication safety, and emotional support within elementary school environments.

U radu se analizira doprinos Fritza Jahra utemeljenju bioetike s naglaskom na njegovu zaštitu biljnog života i kantijanski utjecaj. Jahr u raspravu uvodi pojam „bioetički imperativ“, koncept koji je inspiriran Kantovim kategoričkim imperativom i petom biblijskom zapovijedi „Ne ubij!“ – odnosno, Jahrov imperativ poziva na poštovanje svih oblika života, uključujući biljke, proširujući moralni obzir izvan ljudske vrste. Jahr argumentira svoju poziciju o moralnom obziru koristeći znanstvene, religijske, filozofske i pjesničke perspektive. Tekst prikazuje kako Jahrova „filozofija morala“ uključuje elemente suosjećanja, ljubavi i solidarnosti sa svim živim bićima, prikazujući autore koji služe kao relevantna mjesta za znanstvene i izvanznanstvene perspektive. Jahr se poziva na radove poznatih suvremenika, znanstvenika i filozofa, uključujući Wilhelma Wundta, Gustava Theodora Fechnera i Immanuela Kanta, kako bi podržao svoje teze. Kroz analizu Jahrovih članaka i ideja rad pokazuje kako njegova bioetika nadilazi povijesne okvire i ima relevantnost za današnje etičke izazove u zaštiti okoliša i života uopće.

In this paper, the author reflects on Immanuel Kant’s distinction between beautiful and moral action, and its influence on Arne Næss’s ecological thought. By referring to Næss’s interpretation of Kant’s moral philosophy, and especially his lesser-known writing An Attempt at Some Reflections on Optimism (German: Versuch einiger Betrachtungen über den Optimismus, 1759), the author presents the thesis that Kant – although it does not seem so at first glance – plays an important role in Næss’s environmental philosophy (i.e., Ecosophy T) and that his moral philosophy represents solid foundations for articulating one’s own ecosophies. This prompted the author to ponder about (I) the depth of Kant’s influence on Næss, (II) Kantian roots of deep ecology, and (III) Kantian contributions to deep-ecological thinking. In doing so, the author also outlined a Kantian ecosophy – by using some of the most important concepts of Kant’s moral philosophy (e.g., duty, intrinsic value, categorical imperative, moral law, moral autonomy, moral development, and humanity as an end in itself). Finally, as a result of this discussion, the author concluded that Kant’s and Næss’s philosophical theories and worldviews – regardless of their differences – agree at least on one point: human beings could and should make a difference by acting morally and/or beautifully.

This study analyzes the “Classical Narratives Retelling Project Using ChatGPT” conducted by the Department of Korean Language and Literature at Chung-Ang University in Korea in the first semester of 2023 in the course “Studies on Classical Literature Narrative”. The retelling project was carried out in stages, from the preliminary stage to the preparation, planning, and production stage. In collaborating with ChatGPT, learners repeatedly compared and reviewed their initial intentions with ChatGPT’s suggestions. In selecting, revising, and synthesizing the story with ChatGPT, learners continuously considered narrative integrity and the team’s retelling intentions (theme implementation). Their understanding of and interest in Korean classical narratives increased during this process. A 5-point Likert scale survey was used to verify this statistically and analyze the results, statistically confirming that the retelling process using ChatGPT had a positive effect on both understanding and interest in classical Korean narratives. To compensate for the limitations of the small sample size, we conducted an in-depth questionnaire survey. We analyzed the responses to confirm the effects of active participation and self-directed learning, deepening the understanding of classical narrative texts and forming a collaborative relationship between learners and ChatGPT. However, the limitations of using ChatGPT were identified as inaccuracies in ChatGPT data, answers that did not respond to learners’ intentions, uncreative ChatGPT narrative suggestions, and learners’ insufficient ability to utilize ChatGPT.

Cilj ovoga rada bio je vidjeti koliko određena poimanja o tečajevima/radionicama likovne kulture donekle mogu u osoba starijih od 50 godina potvrditi Lefebvreovu misao: „Mi treba da živimo u svakidašnjici; nju valja preobraziti“. Ovim istraživanjem nasumice su obuhvaćene osobe zatečene na različitim mjestima tijekom listopada i studenog 2021. godine. Za potrebe ovog istraživanja strukturiran je kraći vlastiti upitnik sastavljen od 6 pitanja. Dodatne pribilježbe ukazuju da su anketi pristupile 33 osobe, da je glavnina ispitanika bila u dobi od 51. do 70. godine života (21 ili 63 %), uglavnom rođenih u hrvatskim urbanijim sredinama, intelektualnih odnosno službeničkih zanimanja (17 ili 51 %), podosta umirovljenih (napose muškaraca) te onih s dvoje djece (16 ili 48 %), sa stanom ili kućom u srednjem ili manjem gradu u Hrvatskoj (21 ili 61 %), većinom religioznog svjetonazora (27 ili 82 %). Glede ciljane problematike većina je odgovorila da joj je donekle poznata likovna umjetnost (17 ili 52 %), da ih ona zanima ili donekle zanima, da ih nešto više interesira slikarstvo odnosno kiparstvo/keramika, da im je stručnije znati gledati likovno djelo (20 ili 61 %), da im je stalo i do druženja (25 ili 71 %), ali da im je važna i cijena tečaja/radionice (17 ili 52 %). Za raspraviti je ili umjesto zaključka ustvrditi da i ove pokusne studije ukazuju da osobe starije od 50 godina žele promjene u svojoj svakidašnjici, ali da su im važni i troškovi realizacije takvih preobrazbi.

The development of human civilization is a continuous process of imitation and creation based on exchange. Most historical research is performed qualitatively, so consequently, historical interpretations tend to be biased with personal or subjective viewpoints. In this context, Bible is the most-read book in history and comparative studies are steadily conducted owing to its similarities with the myths of ancient civilizations. This study combines qualitative and quantitative analysis to analyze the interrelationship between a myth and the Bible. Specifically, intertextuality analysis was performed around the great flood episode in Mesopotamia’s Epic of Gilgamesh and the Bible’s Genesis. Text mining–based association rule analysis and word cloud analysis were combined to verify this. Intertextuality analysis revealed the interrelationship between the Epic of Gilgamesh and the Bible; moreover, text mining helped verify the association in intertextuality analysis. Through this, the study proposes a research method for civilization exchange studies by objectively approaching the flow and directionality of exchanges among civilizations in the ancient Mediterranean regions. Furthermore, along with civilization exchange studies, a practical convergent research method for studies in the areas of humanities, regional studies, and history was suggested.

U suvremenom se društvu samoprocjena i socijalna recepcija tjelesne manifestacije u osoba s invaliditetom nalazi u vrlo zahtjevnom i izazovnom području. Iz tog se razloga nastoji promovirati „estetika invaliditeta“ s namjerom naglašavanja potrebe prihvaćanja onih „tijela“ različitih od poželjne, socijalno uvjetovane, estetske reprezentacije. U tom bi se pokušaju i umjetnost trebala razmatrati kao zanimljiv medij, budući da kroz proigravanje s prihvatljivim elementima forme može promicati univerzalnost estetike i otkrivati ljepotu u njezinoj nesavršenosti i nedovršenosti. Jer upravo ono drugačije i neshvatljivo u povezanosti s prihvatljivom estetskom formom izražava jedinstvo suprotnosti i omogućuje doživljaj cjelokupne raznolikosti i raskoši ljudske tjelesnosti. U tom se smislu ne potiče samo socijalna senzibilizaciju prema tjelesnoj nesavršenosti, već i pozitivna tjelesna kateksa koja ima jednu od presudnih uloga u definiranju doživljaja sebe, kao i u formiranju vlastitih emocija, predodžbi i ponašanja. Na tom tragu, upravo bi interdisciplinarna suradnja trebala biti osnova za poticanje usvajanja novih paradigmi i estetskih kriterija prema kojima bi svaki pojedinac, usprkos „nepotpunoj ljepoti“, bio metafora posebnog, neponovljivog i jedinstvenog. U svojoj konačnici, takvo uvjerenje može pomoći u postizanju osjećaja samozadovoljstva i samoostvarenja, kao dijela temeljnih dostignuća vlastite egzistencije.