Chemical analyses of sunflower and safflower seeds, the hulled seed, and the hulls and oils have been made. The 28 samples of sunflower seed, representing four varieties grown at seven locations, contained an average of 29% oil which was composed chiefly (51 to 68%) of linoleic acid glycerides. The eight varieties of safflower seeds grown at Huntley, Montana, contained an average of 33% oil, with an average content of 78% linoleic glycerides. Data on the amounts of ash, nitrogen, sugar, as well as oil, are presented for the whole seeds and their fractions.

1. Dilatometric curves betweenca. −38° C. and temperatures representing the liquid state have been determined for a number of pure triglycerides and some commercial fats. 2. From the dilatometric data and density data on the liquid samples, determinations have been made of the density in both the liquid and the solid states, the expansibility of each state with increase in temperature, and the dilation accompanying melting of the samples. From similar comparative data on the three polymorphic forms of tristearin determinations have been made of the volume changes accompanying transformation from one form to another. 3. Certain relationships are pointed out among the various properties of melting point, density, expansibility, melting dilation, specific heat and heat of fusion, and the relation of these properties to chain length and degree of unsaturation in triglycerides is discussed.

1. The ethyl esters of the acids of carnauba wax were fractionally distilled at 0.3 mm. 2. Approximately 32% of the wax acids are n-aliphatic acids. Evidence was found which indicated the presence of all the even carbon acids from C18 to C30. 3. The remaining 68% of the acids are unidentified, but the greater part of them are different in nature from n-aliphatic acids. 4. Tetracosanoic acid, the most abundant of its n-aliphatic acids, has been isolated from the wax for the first time in a degree of purity exceeding 95%.

HYDRAULIC pressed soybean oil quality is affected a great deal by the moisture of the beans at the time of milling. At moistures above 12 to 13% the oil quality deteriorates sharply. A great improvement in the oil from wet or even moisture damaged soybeans can be made by drying the beans in below 12% before milling. Even badly deteriorated (sample grade) beans have been vastly improved. Blending of wet and dry soybeans to an average moisture below 12% does not seem to yield as good quality oil as drying wet beans to a corresponding moisture. Normal variations in other soybean characteristics determining bean grade have lesser effects on soybean oil quality. Some data on the effect of bean damage, splits, off-color varieties, and foreign material are included in this paper. Hydraulic oil mills operating on soybeans will be able to make large improvements in oil quality by drying whole wet beans at the mill and by removing foreign material from the beans.

A METHOD is offered for the gravimetric determination of foreign material in cellulose fibers which is particularly applicable to cottonseed linters, fiber, and motes. The procedure is relatively simple and rapid, requiring only equipment and technique generally in use in the cottonseed industry’s laboratories. Determinations are reproducible within significant limits. The foreign material, seed, hulls, hull bran, etc., is recovered (excepting particles finer than 50 mesh) so that it can be examined and its nature classified as to type. Use of the method would give the lint producer a dependable index to relative lint cleanliness, and the effect of modifications in seed cleaning and lint room operation aimed at improved lint quality.

Oil and SoapVolume 21, Issue 12 p. 364-364 Abstract Soaps Armour Auxiliaries Library, Armour Auxiliaries LibrarySearch for more papers by this author Armour Auxiliaries Library, Armour Auxiliaries LibrarySearch for more papers by this author First published: 01 December 1944 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02593175AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume21, Issue12December 1944Pages 364-364 RelatedInformation

The results of the active oxygen method and those obtained with the Barcroft-Warburg apparatus at 70° C. are in good agreement with storage tests at room temperature on lard to which no anti-oxidant is added and on lard to which lecithin alone is added. With lard to which d-isoascorbyl palmitate or d-isoascorbyl monostearate, in concentrations between 0.01 and 0.10 per cent, is added the results with the Barcroft-Warburg apparatus are in much better agreement with storage tests than are those of the active oxygen method. The d-isoascorbyl esters in 0.01 to 0.10 per cent in lard usually behave as antioxidants with the active oxygen method and as pro- or antioxidants, depending on their concentration, with the Barcroft-Warburg apparatus and during storage at room temperature. This study demonstrates that in testing new compounds for antioxidant properties conclusions should not be drawn from results obtained when the experimental conditions of the test are very different from the conditions under which the antioxidant is to be used. It emphasizes the importance of correlating the results of accelerated tests with storage tests.