This article examines the concept and develops the architecture of a comprehensive system for assessing risks and forecasting modern threats to national security, focused on proactive management in the face of increasing complexity and interconnectedness of threats. Economic security threats are characterized by high dynamism, nonlinear development, the potential for cross-border spread, and the generation of cascading effects, which objectively requires a transition to comprehensive, system-oriented methods of analysis and forecasting.

This article examines state support for the agricultural sector in the Sverdlovsk Region and assesses its effectiveness based on production and consumption levels in recent years, as well as exports, wages, the number of farms, and other indicators. Based on this analysis, it is concluded that more active support for promising agricultural sectors in the region (livestock, poultry, and dairy farming) is needed, as well as continued development of foreign economic activity to expand the sector's export potential.

This article examines intellectual capital in the Russian livestock industry, using enterprises producing bull semen as a case study. The study draws on G.B. Kleiner's theory of intelligence as a systemic factor in firm development and includes an analysis of the structural components of human capital: educational capital, health capital, social and labor capital, and intellectual capital. A comprehensive study of the industry's human resources potential was conducted through a survey of 28 organizations within the state holding company "Head Center for the Reproduction of Agricultural Animals." The analysis identified specific characteristics of the age composition of personnel, personnel education level, remuneration systems, and development programs. The organizational and legal forms of enterprises in the industry and financial and economic indicators, including labor productivity, sales profitability, and personnel profitability, were examined. High levels of specialist qualifications and the existence of onboarding and training systems for new employees were identified, while problem areas for developing management competencies were also highlighted. The study's results highlight the need to improve personnel training systems and implement modern personnel motivation programs to enhance the efficiency of the livestock industry in the context of digitalization and biotechnology.

This research article provides a comprehensive analysis of the economic structure and development priorities of the Republic of Dagestan within the framework of regional economic development theories. The study examines the transformation of the Dagestan economy from a depressed system to a diversified regional economy with the potential for sustainable development. Through a systemic analysis of statistical data, strategic documents, and current development initiatives, the article identifies key sectors driving economic growth, including agriculture, energy, tourism, and logistics. The study emphasizes the strategic importance of infrastructure modernization, innovation, and cluster development to overcome structural imbalances. The article proposes a conceptual model of regional development that balances economic growth with social and environmental priorities, providing specific practical recommendations applicable not only to the Republic of Dagestan but also to other mountainous regions of the Russian Federation. The study's results demonstrate that targeted investments in strategic sectors, combined with institutional support and innovation, can effectively address the challenges faced by depressed economies while promoting their sustainable development.

In the context of global digitalization of the economy, the formation of digital ecosystems is becoming a key factor in ensuring the sustainable development of regions. The article is devoted to a comprehensive study of the role of digital ecosystems as a driver of socio-economic development of territories. The purpose of the study is to theoretically substantiate and empirically assess the impact of digital ecosystems on the parameters of sustainable regional development. The paper systematizes theoretical approaches to defining the essence of digital ecosystems, identifies key components and mechanisms of their functioning in a regional context. A conceptual model of the interaction of elements of the digital ecosystem with the socio-economic subsystems of the region has been developed. Based on the analysis of empirical data on the subjects of the Russian Federation for the period 2020-2024. A positive correlation has been established between the level of development of digital infrastructure and indicators of economic growth, social well-being and environmental sustainability of regions. A typology of regions by the level of maturity of digital ecosystems is proposed and recommendations for the formation of a regional digital transformation policy are developed.

This paper presents the results of an analysis of the essence and content of customs services at border crossing points. Using statistical data and ranking information provided by the Bank of Russia and the World Bank, the necessity of improving the level of customs services in Russia is objectively demonstrated. A study of the basic level of methodological and methodical elaboration of the issue of improving customs services in the works of Russian scientists has been conducted. It is shown that a border crossing point is a key element ensuring the possibility of increasing the efficiency of customs services, since the technological operations performed in it within the framework of customs and other types of state control are key in terms of implementing actions that determine the duration and cost of customs services for participants in foreign economic activity.

In the context of the customs administration transformation, the development of objective and comprehensive tools for measuring the efficiency and customer-focused nature of services provided is particularly important. The aim of the study was to develop and empirically verify a methodological approach to the integrated assessment of the quality of customs services based on the aggregation of normalized indicators into three key blocks: process efficiency, performance effectiveness, and customer satisfaction. This study summarized existing scientific and regulatory approaches to the concept of customs service quality and identified key assessment criteria and indicators. Based on an analysis of statistical data from the Federal Customs Service of Russia for 2013–2024, an integrated index of the quality and efficiency of customs services (IQTE) was developed, including the blocks IPE (process efficiency), IR (effectiveness), and IU (satisfaction). The empirical results demonstrate a steady increase in IPE and IR indicators, while IU remains at a moderate level, confirming the need to further strengthen customer-centric mechanisms. The results of the empirical analysis confirmed positive quality dynamics in most areas and also revealed the need for further development of client-centric mechanisms.

The article shows that human activity affects the state of land, including agricultural. The increase in plowing, deforestation, extensive land use, man-made emissions lead to a decrease in plant productivity, soil decgradation, and an increase in the cost of additional operations to eliminate the consequences of anthropogenic impact. Annual surveys of the state of land indicate a decrease in humus, the growth of saline land, eroded land. The use of a biological plant protection system and the use of biofertilizers improves the structure of soils and its water-retaining properties, stabilizes the ecosystem, and reduces the number of diseases and plant pests.

The article presents the results of the study conducted by the author in the field of sovereign social ecology using artificial intelligence technologies. The issues of social ecology implemented on the basis of strategic programs and national projects are considered. A number of environmental programs aimed at protecting the environment and stimulating sustainable development are shown. The role of artificial intelligence (AI) in solving issues of social ecology, which is carried out through environmental monitoring, natural resource management and environmental education, is determined. The key aspects of the use of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies when they are implemented in certain areas of activity are identified. The role of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) in the implementation of social ecology technologies is shown, examples of the use of generative AI in this area are given. The prospects for the implementation of social ecology technologies in Russia and the world are shown.

The significant escalation of fiscal risks, increasing managerial complexity, and the transition to digital decision-making platforms necessitate a profound reevaluation of conventional and long-established forms of state auditing. In this context, the risk-based approach is no longer auxiliary but rather a foundational element, shaping a new configuration of state control activities. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the organizational principles, models, mechanisms, tools, and technological solutions employed within this type of auditing. The study is grounded in institutional and interdisciplinary approaches, which help identify discrepancies between theoretical interpretations and the practical implementation of this audit framework. It has been found that many publications lack a unified methodological "framework," present fragmented views on risk prioritization mechanisms, and treat digitalization of control primarily as a matter of automation rather than an institutional shift. The author concludes that there is a need to develop a unified interagency standard for risk-based auditing, integrate digital analytical systems, and enhance auditors' competencies in data interpretation. The author’s contribution lies in synthesizing disparate research and applied solutions, as well as formulating specific institutional and methodological recommendations to improve effectiveness in this field. The material will be useful to professionals in regulatory and supervisory bodies, developers of digital platforms in public administration, and researchers working at the intersection of financial and administrative analysis.