This paper presents a quantitative analysis of the sensitivity of CO₂ emissions in the heating sector of residential buildings in Bosnia and Herzegovina, developed using the LEAP (Low Emissions Analysis Platform) model. The research is focused on two subsystems: individual houses that have not been renovated and individual houses that have undergone energy renovation. The analysis includes changes in useful energy per unit area (QHNDᵢ) and efficiency of heating technologies (ηᵢ), and their impact on total greenhouse gas emissions in the period 2020-2050. year. The methodological approach includes the calculation of partial elasticities of emissions and the decomposition of the total reduction of emissions into three components: reduction of useful energy, increase in the efficiency of technologies and change in the structure of the housing stock. The results show that total emissions can be reduced by 76% by 2050, with the increase in energy efficiency technologies being the single most significant factor (≈47% of the total reduction). An additional contribution comes from the reduction of useful energy (28%) and the increase in the share of renovated buildings (25%). The analysis of elasticity indicates the transition of the system from the phase of technical sensitivity - when emissions are dominantly dependent on energy consumption in unrenovated houses - to the phase of structural sensitivity, in which the growth of the share of renovated and efficient buildings becomes decisive. Although the methodological framework of the research is based on the analysis of individual residential buildings (renovated and unrenovated houses), it is important to emphasize that the principles and results of this modeling can be fully applied to other types of residential buildings in Bosnia and Herzegovina. According to the Typology of residential buildings in Bosnia and Herzegovina [1], individual houses make up the largest part of the total housing stock, but the energy characteristics of collective housing (multi-apartment buildings) in terms of useful energy, heating system efficiency and renovation trends have similar dynamics. Therefore, the conclusions of the sensitivity analysis - including the impact of useful energy (Qhndᵢ), efficiency of technologies (ηᵢ) and changes in the structure of the fund - can be considered representative for the entire housing sector, and not only for individual houses. This approach enables the use of the LEAP model to assess the long-term effects of renovation policies in the entire housing sector, regardless of the architectural type of the building. These results confirm that the combination of technical measures (increasing efficiency) and structural changes (deep renovation) represents the optimal path for long-term emission reduction and the achievement of a climate-neutral heating sector by the middle of the century.

This paper investigates possibilities for the diversification and decentralization of heat energy sources in the district heating system of Tuzla, with the aim of increasing energy security, reducing CO₂ emissions and improving overall system efficiency. The existing model, which relies almost exclusively on the Tuzla Thermal Power Plant (TE Tuzla), is characterized by high dependence on fossil fuels, limited operational flexibility and hydraulic challenges in peripheral parts of the network. The study analyses potentials for integrating alternative heat sources, biomass cogeneration, waste-to-energy (RDF) and solar thermal systems, and assesses the role of thermal energy storage in optimizing operation and mitigating seasonal variability. Comparative scenario analysis demonstrates feasible transition pathways towards a sustainable heating model that reduces emissions and increases local control over energy supplies while accounting for Tuzla's specific technical and institutional context.

Architect Stanko Mandić (Prizren, 1915 - Belgrade, 1987) was active from 1938 to 1986 and was a significant and original creator of his era. His life path was marked by fascinating events, such as his postgraduate studies in Rome (1939-1940) and his time in captivity in Offenburg (1941-1942). His encounter with Rome undoubtedly left a lasting impact on his later professional career. His stay in Offenburg and the lectures he delivered at the camp university were of particular importance. By reading the preserved notes from these lectures, we gain insight into the breadth of his education and his views on the history of architecture and modern architecture. He spent his career in Belgrade, initially working as an urban planner and architect (1945-1955)-two disciplines he never separated in practice-before becoming a university professor, progressing through all academic ranks. Mandić was engaged in architecturally and urbanistically complex, large-scale projects, some of which were fully realized, some partially, while the majority remained at the level of urban planning studies. This paper aims to highlight his visionary and bold projects for Belgrade, the city where he spent most of his life but where, paradoxically, he realized the fewest of his works. In conclusion, architect Stanko Mandić firmly believed in the potential of social consciousness and in the decisive role of architecture and urban planning in the reconstruction and development of cities in Yugoslavia and Serbia.

In this paper, a thermodynamic analysis of rare earth metal extraction processes is presented. The thermodynamic stability of rare earth metal oxides, fluorides, and chlorides was analyzed, as well as the conditions for their reduction using various reducing agents. The study also examines the thermodynamic basis of the halogenation process of rare earth metal oxides, with predominance diagrams used to describe phase equilibria in metal-oxygen-halogen systems. These diagrams enable clear identification of the stability regions of oxides, oxyhalides, and halides and represent an important tool in the design of industrial processes. In addition, the paper links the results of thermodynamic calculations with industrial practice through an analysis of the most important rare earth metal production technologies. Particular emphasis is placed on the thermal effects of reactions and the energy requirements of metallothermic processes. The results confirm the importance of modern thermodynamic analysis and software tools in process optimization and in the selection of efficient technologies for rare earth metal production.

The paper analyzes various aspects of the impact of technological progress on maritime business in the future, with the aim of providing a unique view of this process. The research methodology is based on critical analysis of data content, synthesis of findings and qualitative-descriptive approach in presenting results and drawing conclusions. The paper offers a comprehensive overview of transformative future technologies and the influence of their potential implementation in three maritime sectors (commercial shipping, nautical traffic, and the exploitation of ocean space) and three business areas (ship design and construction, maritime transport services, and supporting port infrastructure and services). An attempt was made to synthesize the potential benefits and concerns of integrating new technologies into maritime operations. The challenges of the introduction of automation and digitization are analyzed in particular, including opportunities and threats for maritime stakeholders, with a focus on the perspective of seafarers as key actors. The technological transformation of the maritime business is presented as an evolutionary process, through the short, medium and long term. Areas of special attention for a successful transition to fully autonomous shipping are presented in the conclusions. Additional questions that emerged during the research and which require further consideration in searching solutions are raised at the end of this paper.

This paper systematises the most commonly used maturity models of quality management systems in organisational systems. It is well known that the application of maturity models for quality management systems facilitates the improvement of organisational performance. The implementation of maturity models for quality management systems involves assessing the maturity level of the quality management system, considering that quality is essential for the survival of organisational systems in the global competitive market. During the previous period, maturity models for quality management systems have gained increasing significance. These maturity models represent an important tool for enhancing organisational performance and ensuring business sustainability. The application of maturity models aids management structures in formulating sustainability policies. Identifying the current state and transitioning to a higher maturity level is the goal of every organisation. Maturity models are crucial tools for assessing maturity levels and are used to improve overall organisational performance.

Machine learning is usually considered a branch of artificial intelligence that enables machines (computers) to learn from data and improve their performance without explicit programming. The paper presents a review of research on meta-learning, also called double and semi-double-loop machine learning, based manufacturing. The paper provides a selected list of meta-learning definitions and generic models and discusses implementation architectures. Following, a set of meta-learning applications in manufacturing is presented, addressing three sub-domains: the basic "classical" processes in manufacturing systems, the manufacturing systems, including some advanced concepts such as smart manufacturing, advanced communication, and Industry 4.0, and manufacturing eco-system as a generic name for a number of application sub-domains that are directly or indirectly related to manufacturing and that could provide virtually easy knowledge transfer to manufacturing. In the last part of the paper, some future research and development directions are given.

Bike sharing is being popularised and promoted in many cities. The introduction of this system is a way to increase the availability and use of bicycles. As part of this paper, an overview of the existing bike-sharing systems in the area of Vojvodina was made. The possibility of introducing this system in the area of Zrenjanin was also investigated. The results of the survey conducted in Zrenjanin show that there is a great potential for the introduction of a bike sharing system in this area, but that there are many shortcomings that need to be addressed. Over 82% of respondents have a high level of bicycle use during the week, so this is an excellent indicator to support the introduction of the bike sharing system. The biggest difficulty for them when cycling is disrespect by other traffic participants, and they think that a construction of new cycling paths will contribute to an increased bicycle usage as a transport means.

The integration of Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) and Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) has enabled the development of Wireless Powered Mobile Edge Computing (WPMEC) networks, which are considered crucial for the sustainability of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) systems. The primary objective of WPMEC is to enhance the computational capabilities of mobile devices while compensating for their battery limitations. A WPMEC system consists of energy transmitters, mobile devices, and edge servers, forming a closed-loop structure. Due to network dynamics, limited battery life, and the half-duplex operation of mobile devices, the simultaneous resolution of computation offloading and resource allocation challenges in WPMEC networks is highly complex. This paper provides an overview of the fundamental characteristics of WPMEC networks. The key parameters for WPMEC architecture design are analyzed, several resource allocation models are presented, and critical challenges in their implementation are identified.

The development of catalysts for the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen evolution is essential for the improvement of the water electrolysis process and the clean energy transition. Although catalysts from the platinum group are the most effective, their shortage and high-cost limit widespread commercial application. In this study, we developed catalysts in which ruthenium was replaced by more affordable ruthenium dioxide, and its amount was reduced by using abundant zinc oxide. The ZnO/RuO2 composite was prepared by microwave processing of precipitate and further thermally modified at 300 and 600 C, in order to examine the influence of oxygen vacancies on (photo)electrocatalytic activity in the water electrolysis reaction. Thermal stability of catalysts was determined by thermo-gravimetric/differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA) technique, while the phase composition and crystal defects were determined by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, respectively. Electroand photoelectrocatalytic activity of the composite toward hydrogen evolution reaction was tested by linear voltammetry in acidic and alkaline electrolyte.