Introduction: Latin American countries exhibit considerable heterogeneity in terms of labor productivity levels and the degree of economic freedom. Objective: To analyze the influence of economic freedom on labor productivity in Latin American countries. Methodology: Panel data from 20 countries covering the period 2014 - 2023 were used, applying clustered ordinary least squares, fixed and random effects models. Results: Economic freedom has a positive effect on labor productivity. The countries with the highest levels of productivity are those with the highest degree of economic freedom. Key indicators include property rights, control of corruption, public spending, fiscal health, entrepreneurial freedom and monetary independence. Discussion: A greater degree of economic freedom fosters labor productivity, although the relationship varies between countries. The interaction with other factors such as educational quality and infrastructure also influences the results. Although economic freedom is key, other complementary elements must be considered for a more significant impact. Conclusions: Economic freedom is crucial to increase labor productivity. Economic policies should focus on creating a favorable environment for investment and innovation.

Introduction: Nature tourism has emerged as a key alternative for the development in regions with significant ecological and cultural wealth, such as Quindío, Colombia, known for its coffee cultural landscape. Objective: To identify the challenges of nature tourism from an economic perspective, and propose governance strategies for its development. Methodology: A qualitative approach was used through workshops and focus groups with actors from the academic, business, government, and civil society sectors. Barriers such as insufficient physical and digital infrastructure, institutional fragmentation, and low normative appropriation were explored. Results: It is proposed to strengthen governance with inter-institutional coordination mechanisms, citizen participation, and multi-actor models; update territorial planning instruments; promote innovation in differentiated tourism products; and to improve the link between public, private, and community actors. Discussion: The rural digital divide and political-institutional fragmentation limit access to markets, coordination, and value capture, consistent with national and international evidence. Conclusion: The development of nature tourism in Quindío, requires participatory and comprehensive governance that integrates environmental sustainability, social cohesion, and structural investment, aligned with the cultural coffee landscape, and the strengthens local capabilities with participatory monitoring.

Introduction: Organizational climate is a determining factor in employee performance and well-being, while job satisfaction acts as an indicator of staff commitment, motivation, and retention, underscoring the relevance of its study in the field of government organizations. Objective: To analyze the relationship between organizational climate and job satisfaction among employees of a municipal public administration in the state of Veracruz, active in the first half of 2024. Methodology: Quantitative, descriptive-comparative-correlational approach, with a non-experimental design, using a survey applied to 388 employees. Results: Spearman’s Rho coefficient indicated a positive and moderately high correlation between organizational climate and job satisfaction. Discussion: The Student’s t-test showed that there is no statistically significant evidence to affirm that gender and/or seniority affect the perception of both the organizational climate and job satisfaction, which could reflect a mature institution or an organization that demands structural changes to prevent the risk of complacency from becoming a reality. Conclusion: The development of strategies that strengthen the well-being of employees in public administrations is necessary to improve the quality of service to citizens.

Introduction: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Circular Economy (CE) have established themselves as key approaches to organizational sustainability; however, the literature still presents fragmentation regarding their interrelationship. Objective: To analyze scientific output linking CSR and CE, identifying trends, actors, and gaps through bibliometric analysis. Methodology: A quantitative approach was applied to 221 articles indexed in Web of Science, using the VOSviewer and Bibliometrix tools to map co-authorship, co-citation, and keyword networks. Results: There has been sustained increase in publications since 2017, with Italy, China, and Spain leading the way. The Journal of Cleaner Production and Sustainability account for the highest productivity. The dominant themes are environmental management, innovation, and circular models. Discussion: The literature reflects progress toward CSR-CE convergence, although conceptual, methodological, and geographical gaps remain. Organizational barriers and the need to integrate financial and non-financial indicators are identified. Conclusions: It is essential to promote comparative end empirical studies, especially in Latin America, that incorporate common metrics and interdisciplinary approaches to strengthen the transition to sustainable business models.

Introduction: University business fairs have established themselves as educational settings for experimental learning, promoting the integration of theory and practice in the training of future professionals. Objective: To reflect on the impact of the fairs organized by the Department of Business Administration, National Unified Corporation for higher Education (Corporación Unificada Nacional de Educación Superior, CUN) between 2022 and 2024, investigating how they contribute to the development of business and socio-emotional skills. Methodology: A mixed approach was adopted, including document review, student and teacher surveys, semi-structured interviews, and indirect observation on fair records. Reflection: Significant progress was found in negotiation, entrepreneurship, and teamwork skills, as well as challenges in logistics management and evaluative systematization. Conclusions: The fairs strengthen student motivation and autonomy, although they require greater planning, teacher support, and formalization of evaluation processes. In addition, their potential transfer to other academic programs as an innovative teaching-learning model is proposed, contributing to future research on active methodologies in higher education.

Introduction: Crowdfunding is a collective financing mechanism that democratizes access to capital, highlighting the need for new platforms to drive this constantly expanding sector. Objective: The objective of the study was to compare the characteristics and strategies of twelve active platforms in the country to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that would guide the development of a portal focused on entrepreneurship and strengthen the national collaborative ecosystem. Methodology: A qualitative-descriptive approach was used through positioning analysis, social media management, business models, document review, and non-participant observation of digital interactions. Results: The ability to foster local communities and trust between creators and investors stands out. Weaknesses were detected in post-campaign advice, high costs, limited customization, and limited revenue diversification. Opportunities include international expansion, innovation in payment methods, public partnerships, and creator training. Threats include growing competition, mistrust due to failed projects, regulatory restrictions, and difficulty standing out; financial transparency remains crucial. Conclusions: Platforms should prioritize regional expansion, technological automation, user connection, and educational tools, integrating artificial intelligence and reputation to increase investor confidence and long-term sustainability.

Introduction: In the world there is a serious problem of hunger, malnutrition, food loss and waste, environmental degradation and depletion of natural resources. Objective: To identify food supply habits and some sustainable practices of consumers in Toluca, State of Mexico. Methodology: The field research method used was the survey; a questionnaire was designed as an instrument and applied in the municipality of Toluca to a convenience sample of 281 adults, in the months of September and October 2023 in markets, tianguis and supermarkets. Results: Family spending on food is high; food acquisition and preparation is still a female activity; food is based on vegetables, cereals, meats, eggs; most of them check the refrigerator and pantry before going shopping, and make a shopping list of food before acquiring it. Conclusion: some food supply habits, the profile of responsible and non-responsible consumers were known; food is healthy and responsible food consumption is practiced.

Introduction: This article comprises the analysis of popular economy in public spaces, based on scenario planning, approaching it from a foresight perspective. Objective: The study aims to analyze the possible scenarios of popular economy derived from commerce in public spaces in a city of the Caquetá department (Colombia). Methodology: A mixed-design, descriptive-type investigation was carried out using the SEARCH method to achieve this. Results: The findings present three scenarios resulting from the development of popular economy in the territory: 1) social chaos and insecurity; 2) weakening of the economic and tourism potential; and 3) widening of the economic development gap compared to the national average. Conclusions: The study highlights the reasons that have led to considering popular economy as an issue to be addressed by national public management. Additionally, the main challenge for territorial entities is to define assertive solutions through public policies to reduce informality or, at the very least, improve the population's living conditions.

El propósito de este artículo es llevar a cabo una revisión de literatura relativa al impacto del CO (Clima Organizacional) sobre la RL (Rotación Laboral). La metodología para esta investigación es la revisión sistemática de literatura. La estrategia de búsqueda se realizó mediante la declaración PRISMA 2020, con una ventana de observación de los últimos 10 años (2013 –2023), utilizando las bases de datos Scopus, Science Direct, Emerald y EBSCO. Un ambiente laboral saludable y productivo se fomenta con un CO positivo, el cual es el resultado del constante esfuerzo de la empresa por crear un entorno de trabajo agradable y saludable; esto parte de alinear el CO a la filosofía empresarial con acciones que promuevan identidad y el trabajo en equipo. Con el fin de alcanzar la competitividad, las organizaciones deben enfocarse en mejorar el CO y disminuir la RL, haciendo un diagnóstico de necesidades organizacionales y poder tomar las decisiones acertadas.

El objetivo del artículo fue determinar si las iniciativas de responsabilidad social empresarial se encuentran relacionadas con el amor que tienen los consumidores por una institución financiera, representada en la marca Bancolombia. Se implementó una metodología con orientación cuantitativa, que encuestó a una muestra por conveniencia de 190 usuarios de Bancolombia. Para comprobar las hipótesis, se realizaron pruebas de correlación de Spearman entre las variables, responsabilidad social empresarial y amor a la marca. Además, se realizó la prueba no paramétrica de Mann-Whitney para establecer si los hombres y las mujeres valoran de manera diferente la responsabilidad social empresarial. Los resultados confirman que la implementación de acciones que apoyan las causas sociales, beneficia la percepción de los consumidores sobre Bancolombia y fortalece los vínculos afectivos con los clientes. Asimismo, se concluye que las acciones sociales desarrolladas por la empresa, se perciben de igual manera entre hombres y mujeres.