The 3-phase asynchronous squirrel cage motors (SCIM) are main competitor machines placed instead of other motors in the commercial and industrial fields. The stator and rotor material selection and construction topology influence the electrical machine design. The results illustrated with the motor of a 15KW, variable controlled speed, for the constant frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz. The motor parameters created inside the simulation model must be matched with the value of a standard parameter for SCIM to achieve a high dynamic response. This work examines the effect of the parameters variation for synchronous motor on the performance characteristics at starting point and at a load change for different time and speed regions. Changing of the rotor power is taken into consideration, this occurs with dynamic change of the hydraulic pump load from the valve.In the industrial applications, production,and manufacturing, till present there are still struggles to find the most holistic environment of the SCIM to achieve its efficiency at the lowest cost and same time control the motor performance, so we predicted the method of reducing the most effective motor parameters to improve the efficiency.The offline method used the SCIM parameters to calculate the time-varying current, torque, and rotor speed. The results illustrated that this method was fully consistent with the experiment tests and the standard theoretical values.A MATLAB program is used to simulate this study. The simulation model proved the feasibility of the proposed method with encouraging performance.

The increasing number of cars inside cities creates problems in traffic control. This issue can be solved by implementing a computer-based automatic system known as the Automatic Car Plate Recognition System (ACPRS). The main purpose of the current paper is to propose an automatic system to detect, extract, segment, and recognize the car plate numbers in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI). To do so, a frontal image of cars is captured and used as an input of the system. After applying the required pre-processing steps, the SURF descriptor is utilized to detect and extract the car plate from the whole input image. After segmentation of the extracted plate, an efficient projection-based technique is being exploited to describe the available digits and the city name of the registered car plate. The system is evaluated over 200 sample images, which are taken under various testing conditions. The best accuracy of the proposed system, under the controlled condition, shows the high performance and accuracy of the system which is 94%.

Influence of slip and inclined magnetic field on stagnation-point flow with chemical reaction are studied. Implementation of the similarity transformations, transformed the fluid non-linear ordinary differential equations and numerical computation is performed to solve those equations using Spectral Collocation Method. Various pertinent parameters on fluid flow, temperature and concentration distributions of the Casson nanofluid flow as well as the local skin friction coefficient, local Nusselt number, and Sherwood number are graphically displayed. The results indicate that thermophoresis parameter N_t enhanced the temperature and nanoparticle concentration profiles, because a rise in thermophoresis parameter enhances the thermophoresis force within the flow regime. Values of both local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are enhanced with an increase in Hartman number (magnetic field parameter). The present results are compared with previously reported ones and are found to be in excellent agreement.

In this paper, analysis and ranking of single contingency due to the outage of transmission lines for a large scale power system of the Kurdistan Region (KR) are presented. Power System Simulator software (PSS®E33) is used to simulate the Kurdistan Region power system network and perform the contingency analysis for single line outage. This analysis is essential in order to predict and evaluate the voltage stability in case of contingency occurrence to know the most severe case and plan for managing it. All possible transmission line outages of the network are tested individually. After each branch disconnects, load flow analysis are applied by using Newton Raphson method then all bus voltages are recorded, and compared with them before the contingency. Voltage performance index is calculated for all possible contingencies to rank them according to their severity and determine the most severe contingency which is corresponding to the highest value of performance index. Also, the contingencies which cause load loss and amount of this load are observed.

Engine oil or lubricating oil has a major effect on the engine life and the proper operation of any engine. Changing the engine oil before it is due increases a customer’s cost. The lubricating oil in every engine performs many functions such as reducing friction, preventing corrosion, protecting the engine against wear, removing all impurities, lubricating the moving parts, and cooling the engine parts. There are several causes for the deterioration of lubricating oil, including the properties of the oil, oil quality, and high engine temperatures. Consequently, the deteriorated oil must be replaced at a specified mileage or at specific time intervals to get the best engine performance. It is very important to know when to change the oil, because changing the oil too late can affect the engine parts and vehicle performance. However, replacing the oil too early influences the economy and environment and is an inefficient use of depleting resources. This study describes the kinematic viscosity, flash point, and fire point of multigrade Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) 0W-20 Totachi (Totachi Industrial Co. Ltd., Japan) international brand oil, which has a 10,000 km guarantee and is approved by and used in 10 different vehicle brands, to determine the rate of deterioration of the parameters. These parameters are the most important physical behaviors of lubricating engine oils. Having information about these parameters is very important for maintaining an engine’s lifespan. The results of this study showed that after 10,000 km, the Totachi oil parameters such as the kinematic viscosity at cold start, at 40°C and at 100°C, the flash point, and the fire point decreased by 22.03%, 25.98%, 26.75%, 16.94% and 17.34%, respectively, from the base values, and that the oil is suitable to use for 10,000 km.

Mobile traffic volumes have grown exponentially because of the increase in services and applications. Traditional networks are complex to manage because the forwarding, control, and management planes are all bundled together and, thus, administrators are supposed to deploy high-level policies, as each vendor has its own configuration methods. Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is considered the future paradigm of communication networks. It decouples control logic from its underlying hardware, thereby promoting logically centralized network control and making the network more programmable and easy to configure. Low-power wireless technologies are moving toward a multitenant and multiapplication Internet of Things (IoT), which requires an architecture with scalable, reliable, and configured solutions. However, employing an SDN-based centralized architecture in the environment of a low-power wireless IoT network introduces significant challenges, such as difficult-to-control traffic, unreliable links, network contention, and high associated overheads that can significantly affect the performance of the network. This paper is a contribution toward a performance evaluation for the use of SDN in wireless networking by evaluating the latency, packet drop ratio (PDR), data extraction rate (DER), and overheads. The results show that SDN adds a high percentage of overheads to the network, which is about 43% of the 57% user packets, and the DER drops when the number of mesh nodes are increased, in addition to the high loss that was observed for packets that traveled over more hops.

In attempt to determine the amount of hydrocarbon generated from Sargelu Formation, the outcrop and bore hole samples were used. The areal distribution, density, and weight of Sargelu Formation were determined by using traditional methods and using geographic information system. The amount of hydrocarbon generated was determined to be 3.4199 x 1012 kg.

Qara Dagh anticline is one of the main anticlines in the Iraqi Kurdistan Region with NW – SE trend. It is a double plunging anticline almost symmetrical and consists of six minor anticlines some of them exhibit en-echelon plunges. The anticline shows many indications of lateral growth which indicate Neotectonic activities. Among those indications is the Darbendi Bazian abandoned alluvial fan. In this study, the details of the fan are presented and discussed as interpreted from satellite images. The interpreted data is checked in the field and it is found that the alluvial fan is a large fan showing typical symmetrical fan. It is a single stage fan covered by fine materials. The thickness of the fan ranges from (2.5 – 6) m, whereas its length and width are 4.18 km and 1.35 km, respectively. The fan was originated from Tinal stream which was draining the area behind the apex towards south and south west and nowadays flows in an opposite direction. The alluvial fan’s geometry, constituents, genesis and mode of deposition are given and discussed.