Purpose. Analysis of polymorbid background in middle-aged and elderly women in relation to the presence or absence of osteopenia and sarcopenia. Materials and methods. 196 women were examined, divided into 2 age groups: 1st (n=98)– 45-49 years old, 2st (n=98) – 60–74 years old. Analysis of polymorbid background was carried out according to outpatient records during clinical examination and preventive examination. Osteopenia was diagnosed using the FURUNO CM-200 light ultrasound densitometer (Japan). EWGSOP 2 criteria were used to detect sarcopenia. Muscle strength was determined using the DK-25-e hand dynamometer, muscle mass on the Multiscan BC-OXi apparatus (Russia), muscle function – with the test "walking speed by 4 meters." Results. In middle age, thyroid disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic pancreatitis were significantly more common in women with osteopenic syndrome (p < 0.05). In advanced age, osteopenia was similarly associated with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, thyroid gland, as well as coronary artery disease (p < 0.05). Sarcopenia in women 45–59 years old was significantly more often combined with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and their complications

Along with outpatient and inpatient treatment, the provision of medical care in a day hospital (DH) is becoming increasingly popular. Recently, more and more patients with functional somatic disorders, such as recurrent pain syndrome (headache, abdominal pain, or back pain), have been seeking medical attention for examination and further treatment. If left untreated, these conditions can lead to chronic pain and significantly impact the quality of life. After our survey, we found that a large number of patients with dizziness and headaches had low levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Given the significant role of the BDNF in modulating neuroplastic processes, the decrease in its level that we have identified in our patients can probably be considered a metabolic marker of the presence of neurodegenerative processes in the brain tissue of patients with dizziness and headache. Significant differences in the percentage ratio were found in patients with different levels of plasma BDNF concentration, depending on the frequency of headache episodes. Approaches to the treatment and prevention of BDNF levels in the body in recurrent headache are described. The expediency of using both drug-based and non-drug-based treatment methods in a day hospital setting is substantiated, and these methods are described in detail in the recommendations for discharge from the day hospital.

Examines injuries in hockey as one of the most pressing issues facing modern sports medicine and epidemiology. Domestic and foreign epidemiological data are presented according to the level of sports events, gender and age of athletes, localization of injury, as well as characteristics of internal and external risk factors.

In clinical practice, the patient's medical digital counterparts are already demonstrating their potential in pilot projects and research. They have found their practical application in many branches of medicine, such as oncology, cardiology, neurology, etc. Continuing the series of works devoted to the development of medical digital patient doubles, we consider it important to recall that they are based on various algorithmically interpreted biomedical data on the human condition. Their integration is carried out using artificial intelligence, which makes it possible to develop a personalized prognosis and prepare recommendations for further action by doctors. Often, the quality and accuracy of the forecast, as well as recommendations for action, depend on the significance of a lot of data that will later be used by potential digital counterparts. However, processing and interpreting large amounts of information in a relatively short time requires the development of a special software modeling complex. The latter should be able to determine the values of the leading indicators of the condition at certain points in time, set by expert doctors, of some patients, by modeling them according to the field critical parameters of others. The current absence of such a complex makes the task of creating it urgent, which is what our efforts were aimed at.

In contemporary endodontics, it is becoming increasingly clear that even technically perfect local interventions do not ensure predictable healing of periapical tissues. The outcome of treatment significantly depends on the patient's systemic condition, including vitamin D status and bone metabolism. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of international and Russian data on the role of vitamin D in regulating bone remodeling, immune response, and antimicrobial defense. It also examines the impact of vitamin D on the rate and extent of repair of periapical lesions following endodontic treatment. The research demonstrates that maintaining an optimal level of 25(OH)D is associated with a faster reduction in areas of destruction, particularly in patients with osteopenia and other risk factors for bone metabolism disorders. The paper discusses international guidelines for diagnosing and correcting vitamin D deficiency, as well as Russian experience with oral forms of cholecalciferol, including the domestic Osteo-Vit D3 complex. It proposes a systematic clinical algorithm for integrating the assessment and correction of vitamin D status into endodontic practice as a complement to standard protocols for root canal treatment and obturation.

In recent decades, there has been a steady increase in cervical pathologies, among which inflammatory processes, precancerous and cancerous diseases, HPV infections, and cervical ectopy are of particular relevance. All of these pathologies have a negative impact on the course and outcome of pregnancy. The objective of our study is to investigate the epidemiology of cervical diseases during gestation, focusing on the frequency of specific nosologies. Special attention was paid to cervical ectopy, gravidary polyps, and cervical erosion.

Objective. To determine the functional features and immunological markers of the risk of developing occupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OCOPD) in its isolated course and combination with arterial hypertension (AH) under the influence of industrial aerosols of chemical and fibrogenic nature. Materials and methods. 235 people divided into 5 groups participated in the study: 1st (n=60; control) – healthy volunteers; 2nd (n=35) – patients with 1st degree of severity OCOPD; 3rd (n=50) – patients with 2nd degree of severity OCOPD; 4th (n=40) – patients with combined course of 2nd degree PCaPD and AH; 5th (n=50) – patients with isolated AH. The external respiratory function was evaluated in the study participants and the levels of cytokines were determined: interleukins-1α, -1β, -4, -6, -8, -10, -17, tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, fibroblast growth factor-2, transforming growth factor-β, vascular endothelial growth factor. Results. For the first time, the features of functional and immunological manifestations of OCOPD in its isolated course, depending on the severity and in its combined course with hypertension, have been established. When assessing the function of external respiration in OCOPD and its combined course with hypertension, the most informative and diagnostically significant is a decrease in such indicators of forced exhalation as: forced vital capacity, volume of forced exhalation during the first second, modified Tiffno index, peak exhalation rate, changes in which make it possible to diagnose signs of irreversible bronchial obstruction and predict the course of OCOPD in its isolated course, depending on the severity of the disease, as well as in its combined course with hypertension. Conclusion. The revealed functional and immunological features of OCOPD in its isolated course, depending on the severity and its combined comorbid course with hypertension, can optimize the approach to early diagnosis, prognosis, prevention and pharmacotherapy of OCOPD.

Objective. To evaluate the concentration of circulating microRNA-29a in patients with various clinical forms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and compare it with the levels observed in healthy volunteers. Materials and methods. The study included 84 participants: 42 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of HCM and 42 healthy volunteers (control group). All subjects underwent comprehensive clinical and instrumental examination, including transthoracic echocardiography and 24-hour Holter ECG monitoring. The concentration of microRNA-29a in plasma was measured using quantitative real-time PCR with the TaqMan system. Results. A statistically significant reduction in circulating microRNA-29a levels was found in patients with HCM compared to the control group, regardless of the clinical variant of the disease. These findings support the consideration of microRNA-29a as a potential universal biomarker reflecting the activity of fibrotic processes and the degree of myocardial remodeling in HCM. The results emphasize the importance of epigenetic mechanisms in the pathogenesis of HCM and highlight their potential utility in diagnosis and risk stratification.

The article provides an overview of studies on the use of topical glucocorticosteroids (TGCS) in psoriasis. It is noted that TGCS have anti-inflammatory, antipruritic, immunosuppressive, vasoconstrictive and antiproliferative effects, which is important in the treatment of psoriasis. Most studies have shown that TGCS such as betamethasone, mometasone, alclomethasone and clobetazol shampoo are the first-line drugs for the treatment of mild to moderate psoriasis. It has been established that currently, for the treatment of psoriasis, it is preferable to use combined drugs betamethasone + calcipotriol, which allow for long-term control of the disease while following strict recommendations for their use. Salicylic acid and zinc pyrithione may be recommended to accelerate the regression of psoriasis. Nanotechnologies of the TGCS delivery system are being developed in order to increase their bioavailability