ABSTRACT Vacuum freeze‐drying (VFD) effectively preserves the texture of Litopenaeus vannamei but often results in a bland flavor profile. To address this, this study investigated a Post‐Vacuum‐Freeze‐Drying Heat Treatment (HAFD) strategy, profiling flavor evolution via E‐Tongue, E‐Nose, and GC‐MS. Results demonstrated that HAFD optimized biochemical palatability; total free amino acids increased by ~12%, and the equivalent umami concentration (EUC) peaked at 51.41 g MSG/100 g, driven by synergistic interactions between nucleotides and amino acids. Volatile analysis revealed that 150°C treatments triggered significant Maillard reactions, causing an explosive generation of nitrogen‐containing heterocycles. Notably, 2,3,5‐trimethylpyrazine surged from 0.76 to 52.15 ng/g, imparting critical “roasted” attributes while retaining fresh seafood notes like 1‐octen‐3‐ol. Conclusively, baking at 150°C for 2–5 min is identified as the optimal parameter to balance premium texture with superior, appetizing flavor. This finding provides a theoretical basis and technical guidance for developing high‐value, ready‐to‐eat shrimp products that combine the textural benefits of freeze‐drying with the appetizing aroma of roasting.

ABSTRACT As a medicinal‐food homologous species, Dendrobium huoshanense (DH) exhibits promising antidiabetic properties; however, its underlying molecular mechanisms and bioactive components require further systematic investigation. This study investigated the antidiabetic mechanisms of DH through integrated chemical profiling, network pharmacology, and multi‐omics approaches. UPLC‐ESI‐MS/MS characterized 144 constituents, including alkaloids, flavonoids, and bibenzyls. Network pharmacology identified 232 DH‐related targets, with enrichment in T2DM‐associated pathways. In db/db mice, DH treatment significantly reduced fasting blood glucose ( p < 0.01), HbA1c ( p < 0.05), and insulin resistance, alongside ameliorating dyslipidemia and hepatic/renal histopathology. Untargeted proteometabolomic profiling revealed DH‐modulated proteins (18 upregulated and 14 downregulated) and 30 differential metabolites, converging on purine and ether lipid metabolism. Molecular docking highlighted dendrophenol as a key bioactive compound targeting adenosine kinase (ADK) and phospholipase A2 group VII (PLA2G7), critical regulators of insulin resistance and inflammation. Multi‐omics integration demonstrated DH's dual modulation of adenosine metabolism and ether lipid signaling, validated through pathway enrichment and computational simulations. These findings systematically elucidate DH's therapeutic potential, positioning it as a natural multi‐target agent for T2DM management through purinergic and lipid‐inflammatory axis regulation.

ABSTRACT Medicinal plants like Hymenocrater calycinus offer bioactive compounds with therapeutic potential, but their instability limits incorporation into functional foods. This study optimized spray‐drying microencapsulation of aqueous H. calycinus extract using maltodextrin (MD) alone or combined with whey protein concentrate (WPC), hydrolyzed WPC (HWPC), apricot kernel protein (AP), or hydrolyzed AP (HAP) as carriers, followed by evaluation in Aloe Vera beverage fortification. GC‐MS identified major bioactives, including allocholesterol, sebacic acid derivatives, and phytonadione as predominant compounds. Microcapsules were characterized for production yield, encapsulation efficiency, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, physicochemical properties and morphology. The MD‐HAP formulation demonstrated superior performance across all parameters, achieving the highest encapsulation efficiency (86.00%) and production yield (59.67%), attributed to hydrolyzed proteins' enhanced film‐forming and emulsifying properties. SEM confirmed spherical, stable particles, while FT‐IR verified physical entrapment of plant extract within microcapsules without chemical interactions. Fortification of Aloe Vera beverages with MD‐HAP microcapsules maintained acceptable physicochemical properties and sensory characteristics, with optimal consumer acceptance at 0.5% concentration. This study establishes microencapsulation with hydrolyzed plant proteins as a viable strategy for developing stable, bioactive‐rich functional beverages, offering significant potential for industrial‐scale production of clean‐label functional foods with enhanced nutritional value.

ABSTRACT Three‐dimensional (3D) food printing has emerged as an innovative and transformative technology in modern food manufacturing, enabling the design of personalized, sustainable, and nutrient‐optimized foods. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of 3D food printing techniques, including selective laser sintering, extrusion‐based printing, binder jetting, and inkjet printing, and discusses their principles, materials, and comparative advantages. The article further explores the applications of 3D food printing in creating customized meals for healthcare, elderly nutrition, space missions, and the confectionery industry. A particular focus is placed on consumer acceptance, cultural and socioeconomic influences, and challenges related to material cost, safety, and texture. The importance of this study lies in its ability to bridge the technological and psychological aspects of 3D food printing, offering insights into both engineering innovation and consumer perception. The review concludes that, despite current challenges such as cost, print resolution, and limited ingredient diversity, 3D food printing holds immense potential for sustainable food production and personalized nutrition in the near future.

ABSTRACTFibromyalgia (FM) is a complex chronic disorder characterized by widespread pain, fatigue, and cognitive disturbances, with evidence pointing to systemic involvement beyond musculoskeletal symptoms. This study used a validated rodent model to investigate FM's multi‐systemic effects and the therapeutic potential of Boswellia (BS) supplementation. FM was experimentally induced in a rat model and a comprehensive set of physiological markers was evaluated, including food intake, body weight, HPA axis hormones (ACTH, corticosterone), oxidative stress indicators (GSH, GSH‐Px, MDA), inflammatory cytokines (IL‐1β, IL‐6, TNF‐α, IL‐10), metabolic profile, liver and kidney function, and red blood cell (RBC) parameters. Particular focus was given to RBC oxidative status and anion exchange via the band 3 protein (AE1), critical for erythrocyte function. FM led to decreased food intake and weight, HPA axis hyperactivation, elevated oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic and organ dysfunction. RBC physiology and AE1 activity was also disrupted. Daily oral BS administration significantly countered these effects, restoring redox balance, reducing inflammation, stabilizing HPA function, and protecting metabolic and organ systems while preserving RBC integrity. These findings highlight the systemic impact of FM and suggest BS as a possible nutraceutical, offering broad benefits through antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and organ‐protective mechanisms.

ABSTRACTPackaging materials are essential for preserving food quality and extending shelf life during storage and distribution. With increasing concerns about the environmental and health impacts of conventional nonbiodegradable plastics, the food industry is shifting toward sustainable alternatives. Edible packaging has emerged as a promising solution, combining environmental benefits with the potential to reduce food waste and maintain freshness. This review examines edible packaging materials, including composite films and protein‐, lipid‐, and polysaccharide‐based systems, focusing on key properties such as edibility, mechanical strength, barrier performance, and carrier functionalities. We discuss manufacturing techniques, covering wet processing (e.g., casting) and dry processing (e.g., extrusion, blow molding, and injection molding), as well as emerging methods like nanotechnology, electrospinning, and advanced packaging technologies (active, smart, and intelligent systems). Additionally, we highlight industrial applications across food sectors, including dairy, meat, poultry, seafood, confections, fruits, and vegetables. By consolidating recent advances in materials, production methods, and real‐world applications, this review provides valuable insights into the potential of edible packaging as a sustainable alternative to traditional plastics.

ABSTRACTBlueberries (Vaccinium spp.) are renowned for their high content of anthocyanins which are bioactive molecules possessing potent anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Improved dietary intervention is desperately needed as the primary cause of death globally for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The health benefits of blueberry anthocyanins and their mechanism of action in preventing CVDs have been critically reviewed. Key findings indicate that blueberry anthocyanins develop endothelial function by enhancing nitric oxide bioavailability, altering inflammatory pathways, and decreasing oxidative stress. Clinical trial data support their ability to diminish blood pressure, improve lipid profiles, and sluggish the progression of atherosclerosis. Mechanistic insights indicate that anthocyanins are cardioprotective agents that refine arterial health, inducing vasodilation and constraining platelet aggregation. The review also touches on the bioavailability and metabolism of anthocyanins, the factors influencing their efficacy and their potential inclusion in heart‐healthy diets. Notwithstanding the promising results hurdles must be crossed to ensure optimum anthocyanin bioavailability and consistent dietary recommendations. Future studies should focus on explaining the molecular mechanisms of the health benefits of blueberry anthocyanins and long‐term cardiovascular outcomes.

ABSTRACTMillet bran, rich in bioactive phenolic compounds, holds potential for both nutritional and therapeutic applications. In this study, bound phenolic compounds were isolated from millet bran, yielding a potent fraction named BPS‐2. UPLC‐MS/MS detected 16 major phenolic compounds in BPS‐2. In vitro assays revealed that BPS‐2 exerted a significant anti‐inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced RAW 264.7 macrophage, as manifested by reduced production of inflammatory mediators (IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α) and downregulation of the expression levels of the pro‐inflammatory enzymes Cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) and nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Network pharmacological analysis identified the suppression of the TLR4/NF‐κB pathway as the primary mechanism mediating the anti‐inflammatory activity of BPS‐2, which was validated using the LPS‐induced RAW 264.7 macrophage model and liver injury mice model. Western blot analysis revealed that BPS‐2 significantly decreased the phosphorylation of IκBα and p65 to regulate the TLR4/NF‐κB signaling pathway, thereby exerting anti‐inflammatory activity. Molecular docking studies revealed strong interactions between the active compounds of BPS‐2 and TLR4 through key amino acid residues, including Pro116, Thr114, and Arg105. These results underscore the potential application of millet bran bound phenolic compounds as naturally occurring anti‐inflammatory substances.