inclusion in decision Research Articles (Page 5)

ABSTRACTThis study investigated the importance of linking social capital in agricultural development projects by analysing responses from 205 farmers involved in sweet potato, medicinal plants and African leafy vegetables enterprise development projects in South Africa. Results of the study indicated that linking social capital relationships in farming opened opportunities for farmers to receive implements, production inputs and training. Findings from the Binary logistic regression model revealed that elements of social capital, namely flow of resources, quality of information, cooperation, trustworthiness and inclusion in decisions are important predictors of enterprise success. Strategies of fostering linking social capital that were recommended in the study include gathering enough information which assist in setting achievable targets, formulating a strategy for resource procuring and delivering, and formulating a standardised system for verifying training material and other information media for simplicity. Sharing project vision information with beneficiaries and engaging them in decision making were also recommended.

In article the short analysis of theoreticalmethodological bases оf inclusive education is presented. For is administrative-organizational activity and the decision of organizational-pedagogical problems at the analysis of problems of process of introduction inclusive education in Russia it is necessary to use structurally-system and is functional-target variants of the system approach. The purpose of modern model of education – to help everyone trained, including with development problems, success achievement, with realization and disclosing of internal potential, not to admit its exception of a public life. From a position of philosophical and pedagogical anthropology scientists approach to research of anthropological aspects of a problem of training and development of the person with the limited possibilities of ability to live in conditions inclusive education, proceeding from position, that the person with special requirements more than the usual person, requires the education, giving to it selfdevelopment and self-realization possibility as unity of corporal, spiritual and sincere development. It is shown in dialogical process of constant and active interaction of the person with social-cultural environment during a life and activity in the conditions of the certain time period. In given article the questions, concerning a choice of optimum model of inclusive education from organizational-administrative models of inclusive education existing in world practice are consecrated. The attention that the organizational-administrative model of process inclusive education introductions should be based on application the synergetic approach at the decision of organizational-pedagogical problems educational inclusion is focused.

PHP358 - The Impact on Access to Innovative Drugs of The First Managed Entry Agreements in Romania

Patient-Centeredness Does not Correlate with Patients' Perceptions of Inclusion in Decision Making

Talent identification and development programs seek to recognise and promote athletes with long-term potential in a particular sport. Coaches involved in these programs are often required to make inclusion or exclusion decisions based on their perceptions of an athlete’s long-term potential. However, biological maturity can influence physical capabilities of adolescent athletes and may bias coaches’ perceptions of long-term potential. This study explored the relationship between coaches’ perceptions of long-term potential and variations in athlete’s biological maturity. Talented adolescent male Australian footballers (n = 264) from nine different teams were recruited to provide basic anthropometric information for estimates of biological maturity. Coaches from each team were recruited to provide a rating of their own player’s long-term potential. Coaches perceived late maturing athletes to have a significantly lower long-term potential than their average (χ2 = 9.42, p < 0.01) and early (χ2 = 5.86, p = 0.04) maturing counterparts. Of the late maturing athletes, 72% were predicted to go no further than adolescent competition. No concurrent bias was evident between the average or early maturing athletes. The findings of this study demonstrate coaches' perceptions of long-term potential can be biased by maturational variation in adolescent athletes. Such perceptual bias may impact on coaches selection decisions and result in talented but late maturing athletes missing selection into development pathways.

Financial Knowledge Direct Financial Inclusion and Better Decisions

Social Exclusion Based on Group Membership is a Form of Prejudice.

ObjectiveTo determine the association of socioeconomic disadvantage with the prevalence of childhood disabling chronic conditions in high-income countries.Study designSystematic review and meta-analyses.Data sources6 electronic databases, relevant websites, reference lists and...

This study investigated three factors that contribute to social exclusion: group norms, individual characteristics, and stereotypes. Non-Arab American 12- and 16-year-olds (N = 199) judged their expectations about the inclusivity of Arab American and non-Arab American peer groups toward new peers characterized by: (a) different ethnic identity but similar interests (e.g., hobbies) and (b) same ethnic identity but different interests. Participants expected that when groups had exclusive norms, Arab American peers would base inclusion decisions on ethnic identity, but that their own non-Arab group would base decisions on shared interests. Participants who reported stereotypes expected their in-group to be ethnically less inclusive. With age, ethnic-based exclusion increased. The findings are discussed in light of current research on developmental intergroup relationships.

The basic benefit package: Composition and exceptions to the rules. A case study

Achieving universal health coverage is a moral imperative

Mainstreaming is a feasible and viable option for scaling up initiatives on community-based adaptation (CBA) to climate change. However, there is little evidence on how to get CBA mainstreaming feasible and to work effectively. This paper aims to investigate two major questions: (1) what kind of policies favour mainstreaming CBA; and (2) what kinds of approaches or practices are required to operationalize CBA mainstreaming in the case of Nepal? The field research for this paper was conducted in the Dhading, Nawalparasi and Pyuthan districts of Nepal. The research used a mix of approaches and methods for data generation and analysis. The findings reveal that policies to operationalize CBA mainstreaming should build on past policy successes and include community-centric provisions that empower local institutions and encourage them to practice inclusive decision-making and benefit-sharing mechanisms. One lesson from this analysis of the practices of mainstreaming in Nepal is that an integrated co-management approach to mainstreaming is necessary to overcome the barriers related to knowledge, finance and technology. It is concluded that the operational mechanisms of mainstreaming CBA in development should have an inclusive local structure and be responsive to national policies and governance arrangements.

One aspect not sufficiently considered in solving the social dilemma of redistribution of wealth is the mediating role of trust. In this article, I present preliminary evidence in this regard. Later, I consider several mechanisms that may explain the observed levels of interpersonal trust in 54 countries included in the fifth World Values ​​Survey (2005-2008). The results of a multivariate statistical model indicate that the best performing variables are the level of wealth, political stability, with a negative effect , participation and inclusion in decision -making processes . However, an analysis of the levels of interpersonal trust based on surveys conducted between 1996 and Latinobarometer 2010 shows partly different results. Later models could resolve this disparity considering the variety of historical trajectories in each region or modeling the effect of mechanisms from social, economic and political structure differently.

The issue of planning for sustainability is becoming more established within Canadian municipal planning. As municipalities begin to align their planning policy to reflect a more sustainable approach, there is an increased interest in how sustainability is being operationalised within municipal documents. This research aims to better understand how principles of sustainability are imbedded within Ontario municipal documents, with a specific focus on the Integrated Sustainability Community Planning approach that has emerged in Canada. Drawing on a nested comparative case study of four mid-sized municipalities, we uncover the language and strategies employed by the municipalities as they relate to the principles of sustainability developed by Gibson [2006a. Sustainability assessment: basic components of a practical approach. Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, 24 (3), 170–182]. The findings suggest that current policy-based approaches to sustainability are considering more socially oriented strategies focused on promoting community involvement, inclusive decision-making, equity, socio-ecological civility, long-term integrative planning, and responsibility through stewardship. However, there are potential limitations that will require future research to examine policy outcomes associated with sustainability uptake. The ICSP approach must still overcome the issues relating to lack of regulatory authority and the incorporation of policies based on popular trends rather than empirical evidence.

Abstract Ageing society, lack of skilled workforce, changes in work life careers and changes in partner and family models, a shift in societal roles of women and men, young and old, migration flows from rural to urban, multiple residences and new forms of housing and the related spatial impacts are in focus of demographic change. It is obvious that demographic change is not to be managed without gender and equality issues. Spatial planning has a crucial role in facing these challenges as spatial planning laws demand to ensure equal access to housing, services and labour markets and to organize transparent and inclusive decision making procedures. The paper explores key concepts, methods and selected case studies from Europe on gender planning trying to focus on the potential for innovating planning discipline and tackling with demographic change issues in rural areas. Cases from Bavaria and Austria compared to rural regions in Eastern Germany with high female emigration show concrete planning approaches.

and may impede the timing and quality of their decisions. Several interventions for ALS care, including nutrition, hydration and respiratory support, are contingent on well-timed implementation [5,6]. However, optimal timing of symptom management may be at odds with patients’ readiness to consider these complex interventions. Patients and families need time to come to terms with their changing situation before they can fully participate in decision-making. Reactions to the diagnosis can have an influence on patients’ willingness to engage with healthcare services [7] and their preferred role in decisionmaking. Desire for autonomy is an individual choice, reflecting patients’ attitudes to life, personal circumstances and healthcare experiences [7]. Patients and families are confronted by escalating degeneration and loss, over which they have no control. Autonomy over choices of symptom management and quality of life may become a way for patients to exert control over their continually changing situation [8]. Three aspects of ALS service delivery have been found to facilitate patient autonomy in decision-making: access to specialized ALS multidisciplinary care [7];

The purpose of this study was to investigate the following: (i) associations among children's prior contact with people with disabilities and the three dimensions of children's attitudes towards people with disabilities: children's understanding of and their feelings about people with disabilities and their behavioural intentions to make inclusion decisions; (ii) the relation between children's behavioural intentions to make inclusion decisions and the demands of activity contexts and the types of disabilities; and (iii) the association between parents' attitudes and children's attitudes. Participants included 94 typically developing four- and five-year-old preschoolers. Children's understanding of disabilities and their prior contact with people with disabilities were found to be positively related to their feelings about people with disabilities; children's understanding of disabilities was a significant moderator of the relation between their behavioural intentions and activity contexts or types of disabilities. The hypothesized association between parents' attitudes and children's attitudes was not significant. Preschoolers may benefit from having more regular contact with people with disabilities to develop positive feelings towards their peers with disabilities, which is also related to their understanding of disabilities. Children's behavioural intentions to make inclusion decisions need to be understood in relation to their understanding of disabilities, the demand of activity contexts, and types of disabilities. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The growing demand for bioenergy feedstock from forest harvest residues is generating concerns about the potential loss of site productivity through nutrient removal. We used tree-level national biomass equations and a national database of forest plots to develop stand-level biomass equations for the different tree components of 30 major forest tree species found in Canada using basal area as the independent variable. We have also compiled more than 12 800 nutrient concentration values for different components of Canadian tree species from existing databases and the literature. Uncertainties were propagated across biomass equations and through conversion of nutrient concentrations to nutrient contents. Most of the uncertainty in nutrient contents estimates was found to be among the nutrient concentration measurements. The greatest levels of uncertainty were for estimates of phosphorus in woody components and of calcium in foliage. Grouping species into genera gave only a minor loss of precision. The coupling of biomass equations and nutrient concentration data can be used to provide first-order estimates of biomass and nutrients exported by tree component and species when harvesting any commercial stand in Canada. However, the associated uncertainties are important enough to warrant their inclusion in decision making.

The IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference (ISSCC) is the foremost global forum for presenting advances in solid-state circuits and systems-on-a-chip. Every year since its first issue, the IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS has highlighted some well-received papers from the most recent ISSCC in special issues. This special issue covers the ISSCC conference held in San Francisco, CA, February 19?23, 2012. Session chairs and co-chairs initially recommended papers for publication, with final decision for inclusion based on peer review. This January issue includes the topics from the low power and high performance digital, memory, technology directions as well as imagers, medical and sensors. Five innovative papers were selected from the Energy Efficient Digital sessions of the ISSCC 2012 for this special issue. Two of the papers describe ultra-low-power processors. There are also two energy efficient special function SoC papers: an object recognition processor and a 60 GHz transceiver. The last paper describes an enhancement of the razor technique.

Cooperative Federalism and Hydraulic Fracturing: A Human Right to a Clean Environment