programming structures Research Articles (Page 1)

The article considers the use of the Python environment Thonny for educational graphic visualization of the double sorting algorithm using the example of working with arrays of numbers. Students were introduced to the sorting algorithm in the 8th grade, where it was studied in text and practical form without graphic display. In the 10th grade, as part of the study of the module "Models and Simulation. Data Analysis and Visualization", it is proposed to demonstrate the operation of the algorithm using the Pygame library, which allows combining mathematical concepts and algorithmic skills in a visual form. Special attention is paid to the development of students' practical programming skills and understanding of the dynamics of the work of algorithms through interactive graphic visualization. The Thonny environment offers students and teachers a convenient integration of code and graphic display, which allows students to gradually master the basics of using the Pygame library and Python programming structures. The proposed visualization illustrates the process of sorting an array of numbers using the double selection method, in which for better clarity, the maximum and minimum elements are highlighted in color, and the current element during the check is marked with a separate color. Such a structured visualization allows students to understand the logic of the algorithm and the order of performing exchange operations. Visualization of sorting results significantly improves students' understanding of the educational material and contributes to a deeper assimilation of theoretical concepts. Students can observe the dynamics of changes in the elements of the array, evaluate the effectiveness of the algorithm, and develop logical and algorithmic thinking. The implementation of such interactive exercises in the Thonny environment creates a modern learning environment that meets the requirements of STEM education and the development of interdisciplinary competencies of students.

The article aims to outline the role that Telewizja Polska (Polish Television) and Polskie Radio (Polish Radio) played in the realisation of the state’s modernisation ambitions and shaping the post-war intellectual climate. In particular, the analysis concerns educational and scientific programs as instruments of social policy and as carriers of the ideology of progress and rationalism. By outlining the programming structure of Polish Radio and Polish Television at the time, this article focuses on the importance of the then state-owned public media in the pursuit of building a modern society in Poland, as well as the relevance of research on this phenomenon in the context of contemporary debates on the role of public media in the processes of education and modernisation.

The Fun Palace, a project initiated by Joan Littlewood and Cedric Price in 1961, exemplifies a pivotal transformation in the approach of cultural institutions toward their visitors. By centering on the audience experience, the Fun Palace signifies a departure from conventional institutional practices and represents a seminal example of unconventional art institution projects. This paper will examine the project, closely looking at the architecture, programming, and cybernetic structure of the Fun Palace. The purpose of this examination is to demonstrate how and why the ideas of Littlewood and Price predate the contemporary policies of institutions interacting with their audiences.

Fundamental programming concepts and Computational Thinking (CT) are not sufficiently covered in early primary education in Switzerland, particularly in grades 3 and 4. This gap makes it challenging for students to grasp programming when first introduced in grade 5, as they lack foundational knowledge in sequences, loops, conditions, and events. Without structured exposure to these concepts at an earlier stage, students often struggle with understanding programming logic and syntax when transitioning to coding environments. The IMPACT project addresses this issue by developing an unplugged board game that introduces key programming principles in an engaging and age-appropriate way. Following the Educational Design Research (EDR) approach, the game was developed in an iterative process that involved structured literature review, expert interviews with teachers, and feedback from didactic specialists. The first prototype was evaluated with didactic experts before testing in primary school settings to ensure its pedagogical suitability. The game is designed to be both intuitive and scalable, allowing students to progress through different levels—starting with simple movement commands and advancing towards more complex programming structures such as nested loops, conditional statements, and event-based actions. In the initial qualitative research phase, four teachers participated in semi-structured interviews to explore their expectations, challenges in teaching computational concepts, and potential classroom applications of the game. Their insights were instrumental in refining the game mechanics, ensuring alignment with curriculum goals, and improving usability for both teachers and students. Findings from the second interview (after the game had been played in class) indicate that teachers appreciate the game’s accessibility, adaptability, and effectiveness in preparing students for future programming lessons. Future research will focus on quantitative analysis, extended classroom testing, and further iterations of the game. Additionally, teaching materials and training modules for educators will be developed to support broader implementation. The findings contribute to discussions on game-based learning approaches in computational education, offering practical insights into how unplugged activities can be effectively integrated into the early curriculum.

It is generally accepted that political cybernetics is a strategy for managing information flows that provide direct and feedback between society and government on a programmed basis. The programming structure includes the analysis of social problems of society, the target impact of communication and the response of state institu-tions to problem situations. However, cybernetic management does not always have a socio-cultural strategy. Communication channels broadcast and reproduce information of a non-target-rational nature. The relevance of the topic determines the identification of the origins of the natural purpose of cybernetics, laid down in the prehistoric period and conditioned by the need for human survival and their adaptation in the spatial environ-ment. An important aspect is also the establishment of the causes of distortion of the socio-cultural vector of cybernetics at the early stages of the first civilizations. The insufficiency of studying this topic determines the target task of the study. Such destructive factors are confirmed by specific examples of the ideologization of the laws of nature, the veiling of astrological data of a certain stratum of ancient civilization – priests who used cy-bernetic knowledge for political or selfish purposes. This gives reason to believe that the distortion of the socio-cultural vector of human history began during that period, which continues to this day. The aim of the paper is to show the role of cybernetics as a link between nature and man’s artificial world, in which he creates objects that are not provided by the environment. This aspect is the essence of new cybernetics. The need to develop a new model of political cybernetics is emphasized, determining the novelty and scientific and practical significance of the topic. Without these factors, it is impossible to explain the significance of the natural nature of human rights and freedoms. The methodological base is made up of methods of modeling, design, forecasting, a sys-tems approach, synergetic, anthropological, structural and semantic analysis.

ABSTRACTThis article focuses on the issue of the prescribed‐time optimal control for strict‐feedback nonlinear multiagent systems with unknown time‐varying parameters and unmodeled dynamics. Based on command‐filtered backstepping, the controller is divided into two parts including feedforward and optimal feedback controllers. The former adopts dynamic surface control framework, in which a dynamic signal is used to dispose of unmodeled dynamics and a compensation signal is introduced on the basis of dynamic surface control to eliminate the filter errors. In addition, a novel prescribed‐time scaling function and coordinate transformation are introduced. The latter adopts the adaptive dynamic programming methodology and an auxiliary dynamic system is generated to optimize the value function. Meanwhile, integral reinforcement learning technology is incorporated into adaptive dynamic programming structure to address the situation of unknown system's drift dynamics and time‐varying parameters. The theoretical study leads to the following conclusion that the closed‐loop system is semiglobally uniformly ultimately bounded, and the consensus errors can be restricted to a predefined region within a predefined time. In the interim, minimization is achieved in the cost functions. Lastly, the simulation results are given to show that the proposed adaptive control strategy is feasible.

ABSTRACT This qualitative study examines how Latina mothers with multilingual children institutionally designated as English Learners negotiated dominant notions of competence in their dual language bilingual program. Findings demonstrated that Latina mothers reclaimed competence for themselves and their children by interrogating intersecting, hegemonic constitutions of competence while employing various forms of motherwork to support their children’s learning and well-being. Specifically, they sustained their children’s expansive, historicized identities and language practices, advocated for their children’s access to interdisciplinary, multimodal learning experiences, and asserted their children’s right to wellness and personal agency in utilizing bilingual educational spaces. Findings from this study have implications for how to contest problematic institutional conceptualizations of families in schools, and how to create programming and leadership structures that elevate Latina mothers as critical leaders of collective mobilization efforts aimed at equity and justice in bilingual educational programs.

In this study, an adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) control strategy based on the strain measurement of a fiber Bragg grating (FGB) sensor array is proposed for the vibration suppression of a complicated flexible-sloshing coupled system, which usually exists in aerospace engineering, such as launch vehicles with a large amount of liquid propellant as well as a flexible beam structure. To simplify the flexible-sloshing coupled dynamics model, the equivalent spring-mass-damper (SMD) model of liquid sloshing is employed, and a finite-element method (FEM) dynamic model for the beam structure coupled with the liquid sloshing is mathematically established. Then, a strain-based vibration dynamic model is derived by employing a transformation matrix based on the relationship between displacement and strain of the beam structure. To facilitate the design of a strain-based control, a tracking differentiator is designed to provide the strains’ derivative signals as partial states’ estimations. Feeding the system with the strain measurements and their derivatives’ estimations, an ADP controller with an action-dependent heuristic dynamic programming structure is proposed to suppress the vibration of the flexible-sloshing coupled system, and the corresponding Lyapunov stability of the closed-loop system is theoretically guaranteed. Numerical results show the proposed method can effectively suppress coupled vibration depending on limited strain measurements irrespective of external disturbances.

PT. The Indonesian Telecommunications Industry is a provider of products and services based on digital service innovation to answer business needs to facilitate automation in consumer company organizations. Every consumer/potential partner who wants to be part of a partnership at PT. The Indonesian Telecommunications Industry previously had to register as a partner manually using a paper registration form for prospective partners, besides that the required documents were still in the form of paper documents that could be lost at any time. The concept of Agile Software Development was coined by Kent Beck and 16 colleagues by stating that agile software development is a way of building software by doing it and helping others build it at once. Agile software development methods or agile methodology is a set of software development methodologies based on iterative development, where requirements and solutions develop through collaboration between organized teams Based on the stages of analysis of admin and user needs, it can be concluded that there are several things that must be considered and made carefully, including the programming structure, database specifications, and user interface design must be in accordance with The e-Partnership system is made to make it easier for companies to provide information about the procurement of goods or services and other informational information. As for partners of PT. The Indonesian Telecommunication Industry makes it easy to get information about procurement and other information. In addition, this system can make it easier for prospective partners to register to become partners online, because to access the main page of procurement information and other information can only be accessed by partners who already have an e-Partnership application account. Admin dashboard made to make it easier to update, add, and delete procurement information and other information. And the information will be informed through the e-Partnership website to the logged in partner.

Multi-stage robust optimal economic accommodation method for renewable energy considering carbon emission cost

We present a joint multi-robot trajectory optimizer that can compute trajectories for tens of robots in aerial swarms within a small fraction of a second. The computational efficiency of our approach is built on breaking the per-iteration computation of the joint optimization into smaller, decoupled sub-problems and solving them in parallel through a custom batch optimizer. We show that each of the sub-problems can be reformulated to have a special Quadratic Programming structure, wherein the matrices are shared across all the problems and only the associated vector varies. As result, the batch solution update rule reduces to computing just large matrix vector products which can be trivially accelerated using GPUs. We validate our optimizer’s performance in difficult benchmark scenarios and compare it against existing state-of-the-art approaches. We demonstrate remarkable improvements in computation time its scaling with respect to the number of robots. Moreover, we also perform better in trajectory quality as measured by smoothness and arc-length metrics.

An interactive two-stage retail electricity market for microgrids with peer-to-peer flexibility trading

Because of their traditional programming structures that have user-hostile interfaces and complicated syntax, programming languages education doesn’t catch students’ attention and most of them find programming difficult and consider it as a job that only professionals can do. In order to minimalize the difficulty and drawback and help students acquire programming skills, programming education must be supported with visual and tangible tools. In this study, effect of robotics assisted programming education on students’ academic success, problem solving skills and motivation was analyzed. In the study, in which quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest control group, one of the quantitative methods of research was used and the study was carried out on 50 students split into experimental and control groups. Robotics assisted ROBOTC programming education with LEGO® Mindstorms EV3 was carried out with the students of experimental group and for the control group basic C programming education was given. As a result of the data obtained within the scope of the study that lasted for 8 weeks, it was found that academic success, problem solving skills and motivation of students who received robotics assisted programming education were higher than who received robotics unassisted programming education.

At present, the most effective teaching tool is the interactive visualization platform, which directly or indirectly promotes the development of the education field. In addition, the development of this technology will affect many existing fields. The purpose of visual education is to help learners grasp relevant concepts in teaching more clearly. At the same time, visualization technology has a wide range of applications in various teaching fields of computer technology. In programming and data structure courses, the use of visualization teaching platform can deepen the understanding of learners. Based on the visualization information technology, this paper makes an in-depth study on the grading model of minority students in colleges and universities. This paper designs a scoring model by using visualization technology, and uses the model to collect teachers’ scoring results of various indicators of ethnic minority students in colleges and universities, and finally analyses the data.

In current environments, production systems need the ability of quick response to face the volatile markets. Seru production systems, as a new mode of the production system, have the advantages of quick response, high flexibility, and high efficiency. Seru scheduling, which refers to constructing serus with an exact sequence in limited workspace, is an important decision problem in the operational management of seru production systems and can reflect the reconfiguration nature of seru production systems. This study investigates a seru scheduling problem with resource conflicts, whose objective is to minimize the makespan. An automatic heuristic design approach that combines a genetic programming algorithm and structure similarity-based operators is proposed. Comparative experiments are conducted with human-made rules, basic genetic programming, genetic programming-based algorithm, and with some state-of-the-art scheduling algorithms. The results show the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed algorithm.

Flexible ansatz for N-body configuration interaction

Recent advances in synthetic biology and protein engineering have increased the number of allosteric transcription factors used to regulate independent promoters. These developments represent an important increase in our biological computing capacity, which will enable us to construct more sophisticated genetic programs for a broad range of biological technologies. However, the majority of these transcription factors are represented by the repressor phenotype (BUFFER), and require layered inversion to confer the antithetical logical function (NOT), requiring additional biological resources. Moreover, these engineered transcription factors typically utilize native ligand binding functions paired with alternate DNA binding functions. In this study, we have advanced the state-of-the-art by engineering and redesigning the PurR topology (a native antirepressor) to be responsive to caffeine, while mitigating responsiveness to the native ligand hypoxanthine-i.e., a deamination product of the input molecule adenine. Importantly, the resulting caffeine responsive transcription factors are not antagonized by the native ligand hypoxanthine. In addition, we conferred alternate DNA binding to the caffeine antirepressors, and to the PurR scaffold, creating 38 new transcription factors that are congruent with our current transcriptional programming structure. Finally, we leveraged this system of transcription factors to create integrated NOR logic and related feedback operations. This study represents the first example of a system of transcription factors (antirepressors) in which both the ligand binding site and the DNA binding functions were successfully engineered in tandem.

ABSTRACT Through the analysis of semi-structured interview responses from four school principals centered on their implementation of a new competencies based curriculum called Career and Technology Foundations (CTF), we sought to better understand their experience with implementing this new program of studies in its optional year of implementation. Four themes arose: Content Knowledge; Values, Expectations, and Vision; Contextual Considerations; and Decisions, Actions, and Behaviors. By understanding how stakeholders conceptualize new expressions of curriculum, potential programming structures, and related pedagogical approaches, principals can be more prepared to engage in substantive conversations with teachers and provide learning supports that enhance professional capacities.

Autonomous vehicles are considered to have great potentials in improving transportation safety and efficiency. Autonomous follow driving is one of the highly probable application forms of autonomou...

This study presents a day‐ahead scheduling of a generation portfolio incorporating large shares of intermittent wind generation. The scheduling utilises the cycling of conventional generation as well as the dispatch of energy storage (ES) to mitigate the impact of net load ramps. Inherent system flexibility, expressed as a chance constraint, is quantified in terms of ramping capability and operating reserves of conventional generation and ES. The flexibility chance constraint is then factorised into a set of linear deterministic inequalities, to preserve the mixed‐integer linear programming structure of the resulting problem. Numerical simulations are performed and results are analysed for IEEE 24‐bus and 118‐bus systems. Test results show that implementation of ES improves the flexibility of the system, in terms of alleviation of the cycling of thermal generation as well as wind generation curtailment.