Academy of Sciences of Moldova

The European Union provides unprecedented support to developing regions and autonomous territorial communities in the Republic of Moldova through the “Economic Recovery Plan for Moldova,” emphasizing the need to implement ambitious reforms for the benefit of citizens and to strengthen health systems in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examined the current state of the healthcare system in the Transnistrian region and highlighted the urgent need to integrate it into the European digital ecosystem. The digital transformation of the economy and the healthcare sector in the Eastern Partnership (EaP) regions constitutes a strategic objective, with significant implications for interregional cooperation, the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, and community wellbeing. In this context, the implementation of the Living Lab concept was proposed through an innovative public–private partnership model aimed at modernizing “Family Medicine Centers” and facilitating electronic interactions of the G2C, G2B, and G2G types. Such an approach would enhance the interoperability of information systems and strengthen cooperation among universities, local administrations, businesses, and civil society. The study’s conclusions underscore the considerable potential of digital transformation to improve healthcare service delivery and economic collaboration, highlighting its role in promoting sustainable development and improving the quality of life in the region.

In the last years more and more attention has been paid to the surface chemistry of the active carbons selected for the adsorption of ions from solution. The purpose of this work was to study the adsorption of nitrite ions from solutions on CAN-7 active carbon that is a mesoporous active carbon with acidic surface due to method of obtaining (chemical activation with phosphoric acid). For the description of the nitrite ions adsorption process on CAN-7 active carbon the influence of various experimental parameters (pH value, initial concentration, and contacting time) was evaluated in batch experiments, at the ratio: liquid solid of 1: 500, the fraction of activated carbon was between 0.8 ÷ 2.0 mm. Adsorption equilibrium data were fitted to Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms and to different kinetic models (pseudo-first and pseudo-second kinetic models and intraparticle diffusion). The equilibrium adsorption data were best represented by the Langmuir isotherm; this means that the adsorption process is dominated by chemosorption on the energetic homogeneous surface.

In this study, zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) and copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) thin films fabricated by drop casting (DC) and close space sublimation (CSS) have been investigated and compared with ZnPc and CuPc solutions in formic acid (29 µmol/L). The results show that the CSS method produces films with improved molecular ordering, enhanced surface uniformity, superior optical and morphological properties compared to those obtained by drop casting. Moreover, CSS allows a precise and reproducible deposition, resulting in thinner, homogeneous layers with strong substrate adhesion and fewer defects. Optical characterization confirms that CSS films display high transparency (~90%), a sharp Q-band around 680 nm, and a fluorescence maximum at ~825 nm with the strongest emission intensity.In contrast, DC films show lower transparency (<70%), a slightly shifted Q-band (~675 nm), and similar emission around 825 nm. The fluorescence is strongly thickness-dependent: at ~100 nm, the emission band appears at 795 nm, while films thicker than 300 nm exhibit a red-shifted maximum at ~825 nm. AFM analysis further demonstrates the influence of deposition method: CSS yields smoother films with tunable morphology, while DC produces rougher, less controllable surfaces. Overall, CSS is shown to be the more effective approach for fabricating high-quality phthalocyanine films for optoelectronic applications such as photovoltaics and sensors.

The steady-state quantum dynamics of a compound sample consisting of a semiconductor double-quantum-dot (DQD) system, non-linearly coupled with a leaking superconducting transmission line resonator, is theoretically investigated. Particularly, the transition frequency of the DQD is taken to be equal to the doubled resonator frequency, whereas the inter-dot Coulomb interaction is considered weak. As a consequence, the steady-state quantum dynamics of this complex non-linear system exhibit sudden changes in its features, occurring at a critical DQD-cavity coupling strength, suggesting perspectives for designing on-chip microwave quantum switches. Furthermore, we show that, above the threshold, the electrical current through the double-quantum dot follows the mean photon number into the microwave mode inside the resonator. This might not be the case any more below that critical coupling strength. Lastly, the photon quantum correlations vary from super-Poissonian to Poissonian photon statistics, i.e., towards single-qubit lasing phenomena at microwave frequencies.

The terpeno-heterocyclic molecular hybrids are a new and promising class of modern organic and medicinal chemistry, because their molecules exhibit high and selective biological activity, natural origins, and good biocompatibility, and, usually, they are less toxic. The reported norlabdane-heterocyclic hybrids were synthesized by classical and new, original, and environmentally friendly methods, which include coupling reactions of norlabdane derivatives (such as carboxylic acids, acyl chlorides, or bromides) with individual heterocyclic compounds, as well as heterocyclization reactions of certain norlabdane intermediates like hydrazides, thiosemicarbazones, or hydrazinecarbothioamides. The aforementioned norlabdanes were derived from (+)-sclareolide 2, which is readily obtained from (−)-sclareol 1, a labdane-type diterpenoid extracted from the waste biomass of Clary sage (Salvia sclarea L.) that remains after essential oil extraction. All synthesized compounds were tested against various fungal strains and bacterial species, with many exhibiting significant antifungal and antibacterial activity. These findings support the potential application of the synthesized compounds in the treatment of diseases caused by fungi and bacteria. Additionally, the use of plant-based waste materials as starting resources highlights the economic and ecological value of this approach. This review summarizes experimental data on the synthesis and biological activity of norlabdane: diazine, 1,2,4-triazole and carbazole, 1,3,4-oxadiazole, 1,3,4-thiadiazole, 1,3-thiazole, 1,3-benzothiazole and 1,3-benzimidazole hybrids performed by our research group covering the period from 2013 to the present.

In this paper, we determine the locally compact abelian (LCA) groups whose ring of continuous endomorphisms is local.

Abstract The busy beaver game was introduced by Tibor Radó in 1962 and consists in finding the longest halting run that can be achieved by a Turing machine with a given number of states n. The function $$\text {BB}(n)$$ BB ( n ) measuring this length is a well-studied example of an uncomputable function. In this work, we transpose the concept of the busy beaver game to reaction systems—a set rewriting-based model of computing inspired by biochemical reactions. We give a generalized framework for defining various busy beaver challenges and give concrete instantiations for longest runs, periods, preperiods, etc. We further list several busy beaver champions and bounds, depending on what is optimized and what is measured as the size of a reaction system. Finally, we discuss possible implications of our work to thinking about theoretical biology.

This paper deals with the features of quantum computing for a system containing a relatively large number of qubits n, which is characterized by a half-integer effective spin S in the Schwinger representation of paired bosons. It was shown that for n = 70, the number of boson states corresponding to lowest 2S + 1 excited energy levels of each of the two harmonic oscillators implementing the two-boson representation of the effective spin S is N = 1070 = 1.18 x 1021. Under such conditions, it can be assumed with great precision that for n ≥ 70 all boson states of both harmonic oscillators participate in the implementation of the two-boson representation of the effective spin S. This allows one to apply the quantum field theory methods when performing quantum computations for multi-qubit systems. Another advantage of the Schwinger representation of paired bosons compared to the spinor representation when performing quantum computations for multi-qubit systems is that in the first case the form of the spin projection operators of the effective spin S does not depend on the number of qubits n.