Aryabhatta Knowledge University

This study examines the ideological and thematic framework of the dramatic narratives of Bhikhari Thakur, a prominent figure in Bhojpuri folk theatre. It explores his practical and conceptual understanding of drama, his purpose in choosing theatre as a medium, and the social objectives underlying his works. Bhikhari Thakur selected folk theatre (tamasha) as an effective means to communicate with largely illiterate rural audiences while combining entertainment with social awareness. His plays addressed various social issues such as child marriage, dowry, caste discrimination, migration, widow exploitation and gender inequality. Through simple plots, improvised dialogues, folk music, dance and open-stage performances, he created a unique theatrical style that closely reflected the realities of rural society. His dramatic works not only entertained audiences but also encouraged social reform and collective consciousness. By blending traditional folk elements with contemporary social themes, Bhikhari Thakur developed a distinctive theatrical tradition that played a significant role in shaping Bhojpuri folk theatre and promoting social transformation. Abstract in Hindi Language: यह अध्ययन भोजपुरी लोकनाट्य के प्रमुख नाटककार भिखारी ठाकुर के नाट्य कथानकों की वैचारिक और विषयगत संरचना का विश्लेषण करता है। इसमें नाटक के प्रति उनकी व्यावहारिक एवं वैचारिक समझ, नाट्य माध्यम को चुनने के पीछे का उद्देश्य तथा उनकी रचनाओं में निहित सामाजिक सरोकारों की पड़ताल की गई है। भिखारी ठाकुर ने लोकनाट्य (तमाशा) को मुख्यतः अशिक्षित ग्रामीण समाज तक पहुँचने का प्रभावी माध्यम बनाया, जिसमें मनोरंजन के साथ-साथ सामाजिक जागरूकता का भी समावेश था। उनके नाटकों में बाल विवाह, दहेज प्रथा, जातिगत भेदभाव, प्रवासन, विधवाओं का शोषण तथा लैंगिक असमानता जैसे अनेक सामाजिक मुद्दों को उठाया गया है। सरल कथानक, आशु संवाद, लोकगीत, नृत्य तथा खुले मंच की प्रस्तुति के माध्यम से उन्होंने एक विशिष्ट नाट्य शैली विकसित की, जो ग्रामीण समाज की वास्तविकताओं को निकटता से प्रतिबिंबित करती है। उनके नाटक केवल मनोरंजन तक सीमित नहीं थे, बल्कि सामाजिक सुधार और जनचेतना को भी प्रेरित करते थे। Keywords: भिखारी ठाकुर; भोजपुरी लोकनाट्य; सामाजिक सुधार; लोक नाट्य; बिदेसिया शैली

Abstract This study investigates the effects of calcium-enriched nano-fertilizer manufactured from discarded eggshells on the growth and development of carrot plants ( Daucus carota ) in order to evaluate a sustainable alternative to conventional fertilizers. Untreated control plants and plants treated with a calcium-rich bio-derived amendment made without the use of synthetic fertilizers were contrasted. Among the factors assessed were the shoot length, biomass accumulation, leaf color, chlorophyll content, and obvious symptoms of calcium deficiency. The results demonstrated that calcium-enriched treatments significantly enhanced shoot development, biomass, chlorophyll content, and overall plant vigor when compared to the control group. These findings suggest that calcium nanofertilizer sources can effectively improve plant nutrition and promote healthier growth, offering a practical and eco-friendly means of increasing crop yield and soil health. This approach aligns with the goals of sustainable agriculture and highlights the potential of naturally occurring waste-derived nanoparticles in plant nutrition control.

In the construction industry, power plants, shipbuilding, aerospace, automotive, oil and gas, and a wide variety of other industrial sectors, IS2062 steel is in high demand as a structural material. Gas metal arc welding (GMAW) process and shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) process, which are both traditional fusion arc welding methods, are utilised extensively for joining structural materials. This study presents the results of a comparative investigation into the mechanical properties and metallurgical characteristics of IS2062 E350 grade steel that has been fusion welded by GMAW and SMAW processes separately. Correlations were found between microstructures and the evaluation of tensile strength, impact strength and microhardness. Both GMAW and SMAW welded joints reached maximum transverse ultimate tensile strengths of 634 and 676 MPa, respectively. As an additional point of interest, the overall percentage of elongation for the GMAW and SMAW processes was 25.49% and 26.19%, respectively. Impact toughness of 235 J and 213 J was measured for joints that were created using GMAW and SMAW, respectively. When compared to other regions, the microhardness that was produced in the subcritical heat-affected zone was lower. The maximum microhardness obtained for GMAW and SMAW are 175 VHN and 185 VHN respectively. The investigation found that GMAW joints exhibited qualities that were somewhat better than those of SMAW joints. It has been discovered that the majority of weld failures occur in the subcritical heat affected zone. The reason behind these failures is that the weldment softens as a result of grain deformation.

ABSTRACT Objective: One of the essential characteristics that define a career is professionalism, which encompasses commitments, actions, standards, and objectives. Background: The study was aimed to assess the perception of dental faculty and residents towards DOPS as a method to assess professionalism and also the perception of participants towards inclusion of professionalism assessments in the dental curriculum. Method: This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted amongst forty three Prosthodontic postgraduate residents and twenty faculty members from ten different dental colleges in India in the year 2023.Views regarding professionalism were assessed using the Modified Australian Medical Council (AMC) DOPS assessment form. We measured Professionalism score from the DOPS assessments conducted six times within a year of the residents in different dental colleges of India. The resident was evaluated by two different faculty members in order to minimize subjective bias. The scores range from 1 to 5, with 1 representing the least amount of professionalism displayed and 5 representing the best. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23. Descriptive statistics was done using mean score. Results: DOPS Assessment score of professionalism for Prosthodontic postgraduate residents and feedback from participants, post graduates and faculty at the end of last assessment was considered for conclusion. They showed increase in DOPS score and positive attitude towards dental professionalism. The participants believed that DOPS assessment is an effective way to improve professionalism. Conclusion: Academic dishonesty may continue with unethical behaviors in professional practice of a healthcare professional. Hence, it becomes vital to address academic dishonesty lapses among oral health sciences students to ensure the future safety of patients and improvement in patient care.

Abstract In this work, a Fermatean fuzzy (FF) multi‐objective indefinite quadratic transportation problem (TP) is introduced. Due to some unavoidable reasons, real‐life transportation parameters such as supply, demand and costs are indeterminate in nature and cannot be expressed in crisp terms. We represent these parameters using FF numbers, an extension of fuzzy numbers, which are capable of representing indeterminacy efficiently. A multi‐objective indefinite quadratic TP where each objective is a product of two linear factors (cost functions) is considered. Defuzzification of FF numbers is accomplished by the introduction of ‐cut for the first time. The obtained crisp TP is solved using the intuitionistic fuzzy programming approach and FF programming approach to arrive at a compromise solution. To substantiate the work, solution methodology based on defuzzification using the ranking function is also deliberated. The applicability of the model is demonstrated through a sustainable TP, which simultaneously minimizes transportation cost with depreciation cost and packaging cost with wastage cost. The resulting value of the objective functions and the aspiration levels are compared to depict the efficacy of the proposed method over the ranking function method. The concluding section summarizes the work, and future avenues along with some limitations of the work are also specified.

लोकमानव की ऐसी आदतें जो उसके अंदर जन्म से ही मौजूद है उसमें संस्कारगत समता के कारण सौंदर्य की भावनात्मक अनुभूति अह्लादन के रूप में होती है। इस संवेगनिष्ठ अनुभूति की अभिव्यक्ति के रूपों में भेद अवश्य हो सकती है। अभिजात्य वर्ग अपनी विकसित संस्कारित मानसिकता के कारण सौन्दर्यानुभूति की अभिव्यक्ति शिष्ट और सुसंस्कृत तरीके से कर सकता है। लोक जीवन में सौंदर्य की अनुभूति को व्यक्त करने का अलग तरीका हो सकता है परन्तु उसके सुन्दरता के संदर्भ में ज्ञानमूलक मनोवृत्ति में कोई खास अंतर नहीं हो सकता। लोकमानस के जीवन में रूप से संबंधित सौन्दर्य को केन्द्र में रखकर कन्या क विवाह संबंध स्थापित नहीं किया जाता बल्कि उसके स्वास्थ, शिक्षा और शीलगत सौन्दर्य पर विशेष रूप से बल दिया जाता है।’ उदाहरण के रूप में हम यह देख सकते हैं कि कैसे एक मगही लोकगीतकार काले दूल्हे में भी विशिष्टता, महानता, कर्मनिष्ठता और रूपात्मक सौन्दर्य को सम्मिलित कर देता है।