Jülicher Entsorgungsgesellschaft für Nuklearanlagen (Germany)

A large quantity of irradiated nuclear graphite has been produced over the years and has to be treated potentially as radioactive waste. Several challenges arise when considering final disposal of such graphite in Germany, due to the lack of information on the radionuclide inventory as well as the strict guidelines for certain radionuclides. Therefore, experimental characterization becomes essential, not only to identify the specific radionuclides present in graphite samples but also to determine their activities. Gamma emitters are of particular concern during decommissioning activities, as they are the primary contributors to the dose rate to which workers may be exposed. One commonly used technique for this purpose is gamma-ray spectrometry, which relies on an accurate efficiency curve to quantify the sample’s activity. This can be achieved by using the experimental efficiency curve of a standard that has the same geometry as the sample. However, this is not always possible due to the variation in shape, size and matrix of the sample. In order to overcome this challenge, simulation software can be used, such as the Monte Carlo-based efficiency transfer code EFFTRAN. It allows the transfer of the efficiency curve from cylindrical reference standards to any other cylindrical sample. This transfer method has been validated in this work using certified standards as well as irradiated nuclear graphite samples coming from the FRJ-2 (JEN) research reactor. • Gamma-ray spectrometric characterization of i-graphite to determine radionuclide inventory • Activity quantification of cylindrical samples using the Monte-Carlo–based efficiency transfer code EFFTRAN • Sensitivity analysis of geometric and material parameters within the EFFTRAN modelling framework • Cross-validation against reference values to confirm methodological accuracy

To analyze the difference in objective and subjective photic phenomena following virtual implantation of three different presbyopia-correcting diffractive intraocular lens (IOL) designs. The study was conducted at JENVIS Research Germany. A prospective cross-over and double-masked trial design was used. Seventy-four healthy individuals without cataract (age: 18 to 50 years) were enrolled. All participants assessed photic phenomena with three diffractive IOL designs by virtual implantation using the VirtIOL device (10Lens S.L.U), which allows participants to view through the IOL imaged at the iris plane as if it were implanted: IOL A (Tecnis Synergy ZFR00V; J&J Vision), IOL B (AcrySof IQ PanOptix TFNT00; Alcon Laboratories, Inc), and IOL C (AT ELANA 841P; Carl Zeiss Meditec). The size of the starburst and annular light pattern was measured in degrees, and participants were asked about their preference in terms of quality of night vision when comparing by pairs the IOLs. The starburst pattern size was significantly larger with IOL A (5.54 ± 0.62º) compared to the IOLs B (3.82 ± 0.90º, P < .001) and C (3.65 ± 0.57º, P < .001). However, there were no significant differences between IOLs B and C (P = .078). Regarding the induced annular light pattern, no significant differences were found between IOLs (P > .05). In a pairwise short-term comparison of the IOLs using a simulated night scene with a glare source, participant preference was in favor of IOL C (P < .001). IOL A had objectively a significantly larger starburst pattern than the other two. In a short-term comparison, the new trifocal IOL C was significantly preferred in a night driving scene.

Joint experiments (JEs) on small tokamaks have been regularly performed between 2005 and 2015 under the framework of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) coordinated research projects (CRPs). This paper describes the background and the rationale for these experiments, how they were organized and executed, main areas of research covered during these experiments, main results, contributions to mainstream fusion research, and discusses lessons learned and outcomes from these activities. We underline several of the most important scientific outputs and also specific outputs in the education of young scientists and scientists from developing countries and their importance.

We present total nucleic acid extraction from whole blood, Gram-positiveBacillus subtilis, Gram-negativeEscherichia coli, andRift Valley feverRNA virus on a low-cost, centrifugal microfluidic cartridge processed in a portable processing device.

This document is written for the 242-A evaporator vacuum condenser system (VCS), describing its purpose and operation within the evaporator. The document establishes the operating parameters specifying pressure, temperature, flow rates, interlock safety features and interfacing sub-systems to support its operation.

An overview is presented of the MAFIA group of fully three-dimensional computer codes for solving Maxwell's equations by the finite integration algorithm. The codes are well established. Extensive comparisons with measurements have demonstrated the accuracy of the computations. The latest additions include a static solver that calculates 3-D magnetostatic and electrostatic field and a self-consistent version of TBCI that solves the field equations and the equations of motion in parallel. Work on new eddy-current modules has started, which will allow treatment of laminated and/or solid iron cores by low-frequency current. Based on experience with the present releases 1 and 2, a complete revision of the whole user interface and data structure has begun that will be included in release 3.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

Health Libraries ReviewVolume 4, Issue 2 p. 108-112 Free Access Current Literature John Hewlett, Regional Librarian, North East Thames Regional Library Service, with contributions by Michael Carmel, Bob Gann, Julian Hodgson, Julian Isaacs, Jean Shaw and Nicky Whitsed.Search for more papers by this author John Hewlett, Regional Librarian, North East Thames Regional Library Service, with contributions by Michael Carmel, Bob Gann, Julian Hodgson, Julian Isaacs, Jean Shaw and Nicky Whitsed.Search for more papers by this author First published: June 1987 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2532.1987.420108.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Volume4, Issue2June 1987Pages 108-112 RelatedInformation

The chemical properties of thorium differ from those of the other light members of the actinide series in exhibiting the almost unique valence 4+ (exclusively 4+ in the nitrides at sufficiently high N2 pressures) with the exceptions of ThN, ThS, and Thl2. Chemical bonds formed by Th show very little f character, the 5f atomic orbitals forming only high-energy delocalized bonds. With increasing atomic number in the first half of the actinide series, there is a systematic variation in the stability of other ion valences and in multiplicity of valences. Simultaneously, there is an increasing participation of 5f orbital hybridization in bonds [1].

The transitional nucleus152Eu has been studied using the (n, e), (n, γ), (nres,γ), (n, γγ), (d, p), (d, t) and (p, d) reactions. The experiments have been performed at nine different laboratories. A model independent level scheme was established including 95 levels below 510 keV and nearly 900 transitions by combination of low energy transitions and reaction data. More than 20 additional levels result from gamma rays and/or charged particle reactions. The level scheme is interpreted in terms of the Nilsson model indicating that152Eu is a deformed nucleus. Seven rotational bands and Nilsson configurations are established. An additional 27 rotational bands are tentatively or speculatively assugned. Gallagher-Moszkowski splittings are discussed. The neutron binding energy was determined as 6305.2±0.5 keV. The energy of the 9.3 h 0− isomer is 45.599 keV. The lifetimes of four levels were measured.