Moulana Hospital

ABSTRACT Background: A measurement of environmental change that has both good and negative effects is perceived stress. The undergraduate medical curriculum demands constant dedication and discipline owing to the nature and vastness of the course, medical students may be negatively impacted by perceived stress and interpersonal reactivity, which can lead to alcohol and other drug abuse and suicide. This effect persists even after a medical student graduates and becomes a doctor. Aim: To study stress, risk-taking, self-harm behavior, and resilience in students of 1 st year MBBS. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional, observational study was carried out on students of 1 st year MBBS from a medical college in the Western part of India. After obtaining the Institutional Ethics Committee approval and informed consent, 250 students were administered a self-made sociodemographic questionnaire, perceived stress scale, resilience scale, risk-taking, and self-harm inventory. Data were analyzed using the SPSS program using appropriate statistical tests. Results: Analysis of scores on the rating scales revealed that female students had significantly lower scores on risk-taking, risk-taking + self-harm, and brief resilience scale. Perceived stress was significantly positively correlated with risk-taking, self-harm, and risk-taking + self-harm in female MBBS students. However, perceived stress was significantly positively correlated with risk-taking, self-harm, and risk-taking + self-harm and negatively correlated with resilience in male MBBS students. It was found that out of the whole sample, 8% were under very little stress, 82.8% were under moderate stress and 9.2% were under severe stress. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of stress in students of 1 st year MBBS. Orientation programs in the form of workshops for the 1 st year medical students can be conducted for coping strategies for stress.

Abstract Aim: To develop and optimize an alcohol-anchored, essential-oil–augmented hand rub (EO-ABHR) that improves early-contact virucidal performance without compromising regulatory alcohol content. Methods: EO actives (eugenol, terpinen-4-ol, trans-anethole) were prioritized in silico via a standardized Schrödinger pipeline (LigPrep/Epik; Glide SP→XP; Prime MM-GBSA, OPLS4) against six crystallographically validated viral targets (6LU7, 3TRK, 7SKS, 1TG8, 2ZTT, 2VSM). A 3-factor, 3-level Box–Behnken design (17 runs; factors: EO ratio, glycerin, aloe) was applied to an isopropyl-alcohol base to balance MIC, viscosity, spreadability, pH, and evaporation; cytotoxicity (CC₅₀) constrained test ceilings. Results: Docking/MM-GBSA ranked eugenol highest overall (notably at 2ZTT and 1TG8), followed by terpinen-4-ol, with anethole weakest (especially at 2VSM). Response-surface modeling showed an excellent quadratic fit for viscosity (R²=0.9987; R²_adj=0.9958) and an acceptable fit for MIC (R²=0.7146). EO ratio primarily drove MIC, glycerin governed viscosity, and aloe improved spreadability with minimal viscosity penalty. The optimized ABHR met target CQAs (viscosity 1.47–5.09 cP; pH ~5–7; rapid evaporation) and achieved EO MICs of 739–1034 ng·mL⁻¹. In vitro, it produced contact-time–dependent reductions in infectivity across six matched virus–cell systems, modestly outperforming an alcohol-only control within CC₅₀-informed safety bounds. Conclusion: An integrated docking→MM-GBSA→DoE workflow linked EO prioritization to an alcohol-compliant ABHR with broad in-vitro activity. Alcohol remained the dominant virucidal driver, while eugenol/terpinen-4-ol–enriched blends yielded adjunct gains in early-time performance and user-centric attributes, providing a reproducible route to performance-tuned EO-ABHRs.

Introduction: Radicular cysts are the most common odontogenic cysts, usually small and asymptomatic, but occasionally enlarge enough to distort facial contours and obstruct the nasal airway. Case report: A 35‑year‑old man presented with progressive right maxillary swelling and nasal obstruction. Examination showed a firm bony mass effacing the nasolabial and palpebro‑jugal folds and deforming the right nostril threshold. CT revealed a well‑defined, expansile intramaxillary cyst extending into both nasal cavities and the right orbital floor without aggressive features. Histopathology confirmed a radicular cyst. The lesion was excised via a wide paralateronasal Weber–Ferguson approach with anterior maxillary osteotomy. Careful dissection along the orbital floor allowed complete enucleation without the need for reconstruction. Recovery was uneventful; at six months the patient had restored jugal projection and improved bilateral nasal airflow. Discussion: While most radicular cysts are managed conservatively, very large lesions risk displacement of the nasal cavity and orbit and may require open approaches for safe extraction. This case illustrates indications for radical access, key operative steps, and favourable functional and aesthetic outcomes after complete enucleation.

Introduction: Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy is a chronic degenerative disorder of the peripheral nerves. It has neuropathic pattern of motor and sensory deficits without evidence of Upper motor neuron signs such as spasticity, brisk deep tendon reflexes. Material and Methods: We report a case of 19 year old male having above mentioned features of neuropathy and pyramidal signs combined. We also have done literature search to find similar case reports. Results: There were 10 articles including ours having cases presenting with neuropathy and pyramidal tract signs. Genetic mutations were mentioned in 5 articles. Our patient had heterozygous deletions encompassing COX 10 and PMP22 gene mutation. Spasticity was mentioned in three out of ten. Flexor plantar response was seen in four out of ten including our case. Conclusion: HMSN may have unusual presentation like spasticity, brisk deep tendon reflexes, extensor plantar response. Neurophysicians should also be aware of the variety of differentials that have such presentation. The clinical clue to diagnosis is the presence of foot deformities, chronic indolent course of illness. Genetic analysis is usually confirmatory

Aim: This study aimed to comprehensively assess the biocompatibility and toxicity profiles of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and its monomeric unit, methyl methacrylate (MMA), crucial components in dental materials for interim prosthetic restorations. Methodology: Molecular docking was employed to predict the binding affinities, energetics, and steric features of MMA and PMMA with selected receptors involved in bone metabolism and tissue development, including RANKL, Fibronectin, BMP9, NOTCH2, and other related receptors. The HADDOCK standalone version was utilized for docking calculations, employing a Lamarckian genetic algorithm to explore the conformational space of ligand-receptor interactions. Furthermore, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations over 100 nanoseconds were conducted using the GROMACS package to evaluate dynamic actions and structural stability. The LigandScout was utilized for pharmacophore modeling, which employs a shape-based screening approach to identify potential ligand binding sites on protein targets. Results: The molecular docking studies elucidated promising interactions between PMMA and MMA with key biomolecular targets relevant to dental applications. MD simulation results provided strong evidence supporting the structural stability of PMMA complexes over time. Pharmacophore modeling highlighted the significance of carbonyl and hydroxyl groups as pharmacophoric features, indicating compounds with favorable biocompatibility profiles. Conclusion: This study underscores the potential of PMMA in dental applications, emphasizing its structural stability, molecular interactions, and safety considerations. These findings lay a foundation for future advancements in dental biomaterials, guiding the design and optimization of materials for enhanced biocompatibility. Future directions include experimental validation of computational findings and the development of PMMA-based dental materials with improved biocompatibility and clinical performance.Graphical

Background: Blood transfusion is a potentially life-saving procedure that has many consequences and complications.Most of the complications are due to clerical and technical problems.Hence, the proper knowledge and skills of the personnel involved in blood transfusion are critical.Nurses are an integral part of blood transfusion procedures.Our study aimed to evaluate nurses' knowledge about safe blood transfusion practices in a tertiary care center in North Kerala.Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study of 113 registered nurses involved in a blood transfusion procedure in a tertiary care center in North Kerala.The knowledge of the nurses was evaluated by using a questionnaire comprising 20 questions, of which 10 questions were about theoretical knowledge and 10 were about practical knowledge.Scores>75%, between 50% and 75%, and <50% were considered as good, fair, and poor knowledge, respectively.Results: In our study, 44.25% of the nurses showed fair knowledge, and 32.7% had poor knowledge of knowledgebased questions.Moreover, 48.6 % had fair knowledge, and 14.16% had poor knowledge of practice-based questions.No statistically significant association was found between nurses' years of experience and theoretical and practical knowledge.A statistically significant association was found between the place of work and theoretical and practical knowledge.Many of the nurses lacked proper knowledge regarding the key aspects of blood transfusion. Conclusion:We recommend more training programs to improve the knowledge and skills of the nurses to ensure the quality and safety of blood transfusion.

Plants are the natural treasure of antioxidants and antimicrobial agents. Present study was intended to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of Plumeria alba leaves hydroalcoholic extract (PALHE). Study involved the phytochemical screening, antioxidant, and antibacterial activity of PALHE. The PALHE was prepared using 95% ethanol as solvent through maceration method. The antioxidant activity involved determination of total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC). DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl2-picryl hydrazyl) radical scavenging assay was used for the determination of antioxidant activity of PALHE. The PALHE was investigated for its antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli using well diffusion method. Various phytochemical screening tests were carried out and the results revealed the presence of carbohydrates, reducing sugar, mucilage, proteins, steroids, volatile oil, tannins, phenolic and flavonoids in the PALHE. Besides, moderate antioxidant activity was also revealed through the result of DPPH assay over the ethanolic leaves extract of the PALHE, where the IC50 was found to be 23.96 mcg/ml. Additionally, the TPC and TFC were found to be 71.04 mg (GAE/g of total phenol in terms of gallic acid equivalent) and 75.60 mg (RE/g of total flavonoid in terms of rutin equivalent) respectively.

Quorum sensing (QS) is a mechanism by which gram-negative bacteria regulate their gene expression by making use of cell density. QS is triggered by a small molecule known as an autoinducer. Typically, gram-negative bacteria such as Vibrio produce signaling molecules called acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs). However, their levels are very low, making them difficult to detect. We used thin layer chromatography (TLC) to examine AHLs in different Vibrio species, such as Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio parahemolyticus, and Vibrio cholerae, against a standard- Chromobacterium violaceum. Further, AHLs were characterised by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). C4-HSL (N- butanoyl- L- homoserine lactone), C6-HSL (N- hexanoyl- L- homoserine lactone), 3-oxo-C8-HSL (N-(3-Oxooctanoyl)-DL-homoserine lactone), C8-HSL (N- octanoyl- L- homoserine lactone), C110-HSL (N- decanoyl- L- homoserine lactone), C12-HSL (N- dodecanoyl- L- homoserine lactone) and C14-HSL (N- tetradecanoyl- L- homoserine lactone) were identified from Vibrio. These results may provide a basis for blocking the AHL molecules of Vibrio, thereby reducing their pathogenicity and eliminating the need for antimicrobials.