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The prevalence of childhood blindness is 0.3 per 1,000 children in industrialized countries, 1.2 per 1,000 children in developing countries, and 1.7 per 1,000 children in India. In children with visual impairment, there are limitations to moving around in different surroundings and performing basic activities, due to which managing them becomes a challenging task for Paediatric Dentists. Therefore, there is a need to train the visually impaired child with the aid of customized behaviour management techniques, so that the outcome of the treatment can be optimized. ‘Audio-Tactile Performance technique’ (ATP) is a multisensory health education method, specially designed for training visually impaired children. The ‘Tell-feel-do’ and ‘Tell-Hear-Do’ techniques can be used instead of ‘Tell-show-do’ to acquaint the patient with the relevant procedures before actual execution. This case series aims to demonstrate successful full mouth rehabilitation in children with visual impairment, using these modified behaviour management techniques.

This study was done to evaluate the effect of mini implant anchorage to control lower incisor inclination in treatment of Class II malocclusion with fixed functional appliance. Materials and Method: 20 patients (12 males and 8 females) with Class II div 1 malocclusion with a mean age of 19.23+ 2.42 years were selected and randomly divided in two groups. All patients were treated using 0.022"(MBT) with Forsus fatigue resistant device (3M Unitek). Group I consisted of 10 patients treated with Forsus fatigue resistant device (FRD) and Group II consisted of 10 patients treated with Forsus fatigue resistant device and miniscrew implant for anchorage (FMI). Lower incisor inclinations were measured on the lateral cephalograms and the data was statistically analyzed. Results: The mean degree of lower incisor inclination at pre functional (T0) for FRD group was ; L1 to NB : 28.80 o ± 3.79 o and IMPA 97.10 o ± 5.32 o . At post functional stage (T1) L1 to NB was 36.00 o ± 4.13 o and IMPA 107.8 o ± 6.51 o .The mean degree of lower incisor inclination at pre functional (T0) for FMI group was ; L1 to NB : 25.20 o ± 4.39 o and IMPA 97.60 o ± 6.14 o .At post functional stage (T1) L1 to NB was 28.20 o ± 2.39 o and IMPA 102.0 o ± 7.68 o .The results showed that there was statistically highly significant increase in the inclination of the lower incisors in the FRD group compared to the FMI group (p=0.001). Conclusion: Miniscrew implant anchorage is effective in minimizing the lower incisor proclination associated with fixed functional appliance treatment in Class II malocclusion.

The purpose of the present study is to establish a correlation between gonial angle and freeway space using lateral profile photographs in dentulous individuals. The study includes a total of 150 participants within the age range of 20 – 30 years, of which one twenty-five were females and twenty-five were males. No restrictions were imposed with regard to the presence of malocclusion. The participants were informed about the study through participant information sheet and signed consent was obtained. The study showed a mild negative correlation between Freeway space and gonial angle, indicating that when gonial angle increases freeway space decreases in both class I and class II participants. The study also showed that the freeway space was found to be more in Angle’s class II dentate participantsThe study concludes that there was a statistically significant difference between freeway space between Angle’s Class I and Class II malocclusion. The freeway space in individuals with Angle’s class II malocclusion was greater as compared to that with Angle’s class I malocclusion. The gonial angle was observed to be more acute in participants with Angle’s class II malocclusion as compared to that in participants with Angle’s class 1 malocclusion. Lateral profile photographs can be used as a tool to predict freeway space in patients with Angle’s class I malocclusion.

Background: Placing a dental implant in the resorbed alveolar ridge are always require complex implant surgeries. The hypothesis was that short implant could improve the implant success rate which is very conservative and efficient treatment modalities.Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the hard and soft tissue changes around immediately loaded short and long dental implant.Material & Methods: A total of 15 patients were selected with 2 partially edentulous space and one short and one conventional implant was placed with immediate loading protocol. Then they were divided into two groups one immediately loaded short implant and second is immediately loaded long implants, hard and soft tissues changes were evaluated on day of implant placement and 1st month, 2nd months and 4th months.Results: The mean score value of marginal bone loss, plaque accumulation, probing depth and sulcular bleeding were seen to be more in long implant as compared to the short implant. The difference between them was deemed to be statistically insignificant (p<0.05)Conclusion: There was no significant difference recorded around immediately loaded short and conventional implant in survival rate. So, short implants could be used as an alternative for complex implant surgery in deficient ridges.

Pyogenic granuloma (PG) is a Non neoplastic, inflammatory hyperplasia of skin and oral mucosa which is often caused by constant low-grade local irritation, traumatic injury or hormonal factors. It is most commonly seen on the gingival/Alveolar Crest. It is a benign reactive hyperplasia of the connective tissues. Another name suggested by various authors for Pyogenic Granuloma (PG) are Granuloma Gravidarum/ Pregnancy tumors, Rocker and Hartzell’s disease, Vascular epulis, Benign Vascular Tumors, Epulis Telangectium Granulomatousa and Lobular Capillary Hemangioma (LCH).These lesion are solitary and vascular.The exact pathology is unclear but trauma, infection and hormonal imbalance, food impaction are attributed as reasons for occurrence. The main treatment modalities of Pyogenic granuloma is surgical excision followed by curettage of the underlying lesion and elimination of all the irritating factor. In this article will discuss a short case suggestive of Pyogenic granuloma.

Aim: Saliva play a diagnostic tool for oral and systematic diseases has multiple advantages over other body fluids especially . The aim of this study was to explore the potential of salivary glucose as a marker in diagnosis and monitoring of diabetes mellitus using glucoseoxidase method, and as a non-invasive method replacing an invasive blood glucose estimation method. Materials and methods: Fasting blood and unstimulated whole saliva were collected from 50 controls, 50 newly diagnosed diabetics, and 50 diabetics under treatment. Blood and salivary glucose were analyzed in the samples by glucose-oxidase method. Results: The mean level of salivary glucose was reported to be 0.53 ± 0.4mg/dl in controls, 1.14 ± 1.55mg/dl in newly diagnosed diabetics, and 1.22 mg/dl ± 1.99 in diabetics under treatment. Conclusion: The mean level of salivary glucose in diabetics was significantly higher than that in non-diabetics. A positive, linear and significant, yet weak correlation between salivary and blood glucose suggests some potential for saliva as a marker in diagnosis and monitoring of diabetes mellitus.

OSMF (Oral submucous fibrosis) is seen in the oral cavity and depicts a precancerous condition marked by progressive submucosal tissue fibrosis with inflammatory components leading to trismus and rigidity in the oral cavity. OSMF remains a quandary for oral clinicians owing to less-defined classification criteria and evasive pathogenesis. The present clinical study was conducted to assess the practice, attitude, and knowledge of dental practitioners towards oral submucous fibrosis and its management. The present questionnaire-based clinical study included 520 participants who were assessed using the self-administered questionnaire given and explained to them. The questions in the questionnaire were formulated to assess the practice, attitude, and knowledge of dental practitioners towards oral submucous fibrosis. The collected data were assessed and the results were formed. The study results showed that among all the study participants, the majority of the participants were aware of betel quid being the most common etiology associated with OSMF and the commonly seen oral feature in OSMF subjects is blanching of the oral mucosa. Within its limitations, the present study concludes that oral health care practitioners have good knowledge concerning clinical features and diagnosis of OSMF. However, the knowledge among dental students about the OSMF management strategies was moderate.

Eosin is an efficient synthetic dye belonging to xanthenes group. Eosin dyes are efficient but are hazardous to human and animal health. Owing to this, an alternative dye that has a good staining ability, eco-friendly, biodegradable & commercially available turmeric known as Curcuma longa was used. The intense yellow color of turmeric inspired us to explore its efficacy as an alternative for eosin in routine cytological procedure and compare it with routine H&E stain. The present study aims to explore the efficacy of turmeric extract as a cytoplasmic counter stain instead of eosin and a comparative assessment with routine H&E in cytological smear. A total of 30 individuals were initially included in the study, which comprised of 2 cytological smears were taken from each individual and each smear was stained with H&E and Curcuma longa respectively. All the slides were interpreted by 3 observers and findings were recorded separately. The intensity of staining was recorded as follow: 0 – Poor / no stain, 1 – Mild, 2 – Moderate, 3 – Intense. The results were analyzed using Spearsons correlation test.The results revealed that the staining intensity of Curcuma longa is similar to that of eosin.

Depressed mood, helplessness, worthlessness and hopelessness were the symptoms present in more than 95% of the subjects. 33 subjects displaying the symptoms of Vishada (Depression) within the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Subjects with suicidal tendencies, other psychiatric disorders, major depressive disorders, and pregnant women were excluded. A dose of 6 grams of Brahmi Ghrita was given twice a day. The effect of the therapy was assessed using Hamilton’s Depression Rating Scale, and Self prepared. Rating Scale of Vishada, based on the scoring achieved by the subject before and after treatment. The result of the study can be summarized as follows - the overall effect of the therapy proves that after thirty days of treatment many symptoms of depression decrease in magnitude, with statistical significance. The drugs present in Brahmi Ghrita are Srotoshodhaka and medhya (purify the channels of the body and improves intellectual ability), Vatanulomaka ( corrects the direction of the flow of vata), Vatahara (reduce the level of Vata present in the body), and stimulant in nature. These properties inherently remove the avarana of Kapha and act on Vata. At this juncture, we can conclude that Brahmi Ghrita has good results in managing Vishada (Depression), within thirty days of treatment.

Introduction: Health is defined by WHO as 'a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Objectives: There is a need to identify levels of awareness with respect to Orthodontic treatment need in the adult group of patients who comprise the majority of orthodontic patients. Materials and Methods: A survey of 14 questionnaire was conducted among the students of various colleges in Hyderabad and Secunderabad, India. A total of 808 young adult patients of age group of 18-25 years were included in the study. Data Analysis: Chi-square test, unpaired t test and one way ANOVA were performed. Results and Discussion: Most of the students participated in the survey responded that they noticed people with crooked teeth and had seen people wearing braces (76.73% and 83.91% respectively). However, when asked the need for wearing braces, most of them responded as not required (74.13%). Around 52% felt that the orthodontic treatment is longer. 73.39% felt that the treatment is costly. Around 52% felt that the orthodontic treatment is longer. 73.39% felt that the treatment is costly. Conclusion: The study’s main purpose was to know the levels of awareness of orthodontic treatment need among young adults, there by educating them by posing these questions as this age group is considered to be potential orthodontic patients. Keywords: Awareness, Survey, ANOVA.