Voronezh Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia

Currently, across all areas of societal organization and state activity in Russia, the rapid spread of innovative developments and digital technologies — automated data processing, cybernetics, and artificial intelligence — enabling high-speed information exchange makes it imperative to adopt digital transformation tools quickly and efficiently, not only for organizational functioning but also to support interaction among the main elements of the legal system. The fundamental concepts for the digital development of the judicial and law-enforcement systems, to be adopted in the near future, envisage interaction with civil society institutions — primarily human-rights organizations — to ensure the protection of citizens’ rights and freedoms and the interests of business entities. In the context of changing public relations, changes in legislation in the field of innovative and digital technologies, the trends in the development of modern judicial, as well as law enforcement and human rights systems in the field of integrated interaction will be directly related to their use for mutual exchange of experience, advanced training and ensuring intersystem interaction in the process of implementing the target functions provided for by legislation and fulfilling the tasks set by the state and society.

This study aims to examine the effect of plyometric training on leg muscle strength, kicking speed, and agility of pencak silat athletes. The background of this study is based on the need to improve athlete performance through effective training methods. Plyometric training is known for its explosive movements that can increase muscle strength and speed. This research method involved a sample of pencak silat athletes who underwent a plyometric training program for eight weeks. Leg muscle strength measurements were carried out using a vertical jump test, kicking speed was assessed based on the number of kicks per minute, and agility was evaluated through a shuttle run test. The results showed a significant increase in both performance metrics. After eight weeks, there was a significant increase in leg muscle strength as measured by vertical jump height (sig = 0.001). In addition, kicking speed also increased significantly in the right leg (sig = 0.001) and left leg (sig = 0.041), as seen from the higher number of kicks per minute. However, athlete agility showed no significant improvement (sig = 0.71). Based on the results of special agility training. In conclusion, plyometric training has been shown to be an effective training method to improve key athletic attributes in pencak silat athletes. These significant increases in leg muscle strength, kicking speed, and agility contributed to improvements in the athletes’ overall performance. These findings emphasize the importance of incorporating plyometric training into the routine training regimen of martial arts athletes to achieve optimal athletic development and better competitive performance.

The article proposes a comprehensive approach to predict-ing the possibility of performing aviation tasks in an emer-gency zone, taking into account meteorological conditions and individual characteristics of consumers of predictive information. A probabilistic discriminant model based on minimizing normalized total costs as an efficiency criterion has been developed. This approach makes it possible to switch from the traditional forecast of meteorological quantities to the forecast of the probability of a specific task, which increases the practical importance of meteorological support. The model is implemented as a linear discriminant function, the parameters of which are optimized using retrospective meteorological observation data. A comparative analysis was carried out with traditional methods of forecasting the visibility and height of the lower cloud boundary, which showed a decrease in the value of the efficiency criterion by an average of 57%. The possibilities of expanding the model by taking into account the dynamics of weather conditions, integration into the decision support system, and personalization of thresholds are considered. The prospect of introducing the developed approach into the practice of aviation control centers in emergency situations as a tool for improving flight safety and efficiency is substantiated. Special attention is paid to adapting the model to the conditions of landscape fires, when not only meteorological but also environmental parameters of the surface layer of the atmosphere are critically important.

В статье исследуются некоторые проблемы, связанные с эффективностью наказания в виде ограничения свободы. Исправление осужденного является одной из главных целей наказания, однако организация исполнения и отбывания ограничения свободы зачастую не способна обеспечить устранение первопричин и условий совершения преступления, что значительным образом снижает эффективность исправительного воздействия на осужденного. Предложены варианты повышения эффективности уголовного наказания в виде ограничения свободы. The article considers some problems related to the effectiveness of punishment in the form of restriction of freedom. Correction of a convicted person is one of the main goals of punishment. However, organization of the execution and serving of the restriction of liberty does not always contribute to the elimination of root causes and conditions of the crime, which significantly reduces the effectiveness of corrective action on the convict. Options for increasing the effectiveness of criminal punishment in the form of restriction of freedom are proposed.

Introduction. The study of the problem of forming civic and patriotic position of cadets arriving for training in educational organisations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia from the reunited regions is characterised in this article as relevant and timely. It is noted that improving the effectiveness of the educational process aimed at the professional development of future law enforcement officers should be achieved through the active formation of high moral principles and ethical standards of behaviour. This will make it possible to form a stable citizen-patriotic position and educate highly ethical and competent specialists. The aim of the research is to identify aspects of the individual civic and patriotic position of cadets at educational organisations of the MIA of Russia from the reunited regions and to reveal promising ways of improving it. Research methods included abstraction and concretisation, logical generalisations; theoretical and systemic-structural analysis; study and generalisation of information contained in scientific sources, questionnaire survey. Results. The results of a questionnaire survey of cadets from the reunited regions studying at educational organisations of the MIA of Russia revealed a number of significant shortcomings related to their involvement in patriotic activities. It is noted that the social activity of this category of cadets is recorded as low. Most respondents do not feel personally responsible for the situation in the country. The interest of teachers in organising and conducting systematic activities to form the value-moral image of an employee of the internal affairs bodies as a citizen and patriot is not fully evident. Prospects for further research are linked to the development of scientific and methodological support for the process of forming civic and patriotic position of cadets from reunited regions and the inclusion of relevant educational material in the content of education.

The results of studies of the main properties of the atmosphere that affectthe safety of aviation flights in extreme conditions are presented. It is shown that the divisionof the atmosphere into layers with different physical properties makes it possible to assess the safety of visual aircraft flights at low and extremely low altitudes when performing special aviation operations. The improvement of methods for obtaining, processing and interpreting information about the basic properties of the atmosphere that affect aviation safety is based on information about the vertical profile of the refractive index of the atmosphere. The results obtained makeit possible to evaluate the refractive properties and turbulence of the atmosphere in orderto eliminate errors in the visual determination of the spatial position of the aircraft relativeto ground objects by the crew performing special aviation work, as well as to inform aircraft crews about areas of turbulence in extreme conditions.

Context Two Peoples Bay Nature Reserve in Western Australia has a long history of ecological studies and adaptive fire management. This provides an excellent opportunity to assess the effects of fire management, including fire exclusion, on the ecosystems and threatened species of an important nature reserve. Aims To review the fire history of the Reserve and the complexity of managing fire for the conservation of threatened species and communities. Methods In this paper, we reviewed data from personal consultations, historical records of fire management, analyses of fire regimes, long-term Djimaalup/noisy scrub-bird monitoring, camera-trap surveys, botanical surveys, and quadrat analysis, dating from before to after a large fire in 2015. Key results Fire sensitive ecosystems at the Reserve are identified. Senescing flora species recruited following the 2015 fire and fire-stimulated species were recorded for the first time. The exclusion of fire was a key factor in the conservation of the Djimaalup/noisy scrub-bird, but has implications for the conservation of other species. Conclusions While introduced fire was excluded from the granite headlands for >60 years to conserve fauna habitat, this may not have been an optimal strategy for other conservation dependent fauna, and fire sensitive communities. Implications The exclusion of fire was an effective management tool for 60 years to conserve fauna habitat, initially driven by conservation of the Djimaalup/noisy scrub-bird, but adaptive management must consider the range of species present as well as a changing climate. Long-term studies and monitoring of threatened species are invaluable to allow informed decisions on adaptive fire management.

Structural, target, and resource conflict situations arising in management of organizational systems and algorithms that help to identify and resolve these situations are considered. This study is carried out in the interest of creating computer technologies for the intellectual support of decision-making in management in organizational systems on the basis of the provisions of system analysis, the theory of management and decision-making, and the theory of active systems and the concept of artificial intelligence.

Показана роль академика Российской академии наук Сергея Васильевича Яковлева и Национального исследовательского Московского государственного строительного университета в подготовке высококвалифицированных кадров для водной отрасли. Приводится информация о жизненном пути ученого и его научных достижениях. Показана непосредственная связь С. В. Яковлева и Московского государственного строительного университета в развитии научного направления «Водоснабжение и водоотведение». Сегодня личность С. В. Яковлева уже вышла за рамки одного научного направления для специалистов водной отрасли, но стала значимой для историков и культурологов. Философия С. В. Яковлева, основой которой является развитие и совершенствование систем водоснабжения и водоотведения, для сегодняшних и будущих поколений имеет большое значение. The contribution of Sergey Vasilyevich Iakovlev, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and the National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering in training highly qualified personnel for the water industry is shown. Information is provided on the life path of the scientist and his scientific achievements. The direct relationship of S. V. Iakovlev and the Moscow State University of Civil Engineering in the development of the scientific direction «Water Supply and Wastewater Disposal» is shown. Today, the personality of S. V. Iakovlev has already gone beyond the scope of one scientific direction for the water industry experts, but has become significant for historians and cultural scientists. The philosophy of S. V. Iakovlev, the basis of which is the development and improvement of water supply and wastewater disposal systems, is of great importance for the today's and future generations.

Анализируя факторы, влияющие на формирование субъективного времени, автор рассматривает феномен обновременности появления времени и информации как сигнала о воздействии в сенсорных структурах. Рассматриваются механизмы дисторсий субъективного времени. Предлагается понятие анализатора времени, объединяющего временные временные структуры других анализаторов. Analyzing the factors influencing the formation of subjective time, the author considers the phenomenon of the appearance of time and information as a signal of influence in sensory structures. The mechanisms of distortion of subjective time are considered. The concept of a time analyzer is proposed, combining the time structures of other analyzers.