Разработка концепции интерактивного атласа «История развития кафедры инженерной геодезии»

There are two essential ingredients for collecting information from the Internet: 1) a World Wide Web (Web) browser, and 2) an Internet search engine. The two most widely used Web browsers are Microsoft's Internet Explorer and Netscape Communications Corporation's Navigator. There are, however, more than 120 browser software possibilities available. These browsers have been cataloged by Adrian Roselli and may be found at Evolt, a site that supports the exchange of Web design information. Web browsers are like brands of shoes; some fit better than others. By visiting Evolt, whose uniform resource locator (URL) is listed below, one might find a browser that works better. For example, some Internet users prefer Firefox (Figure 1) and Safari, because Web browsers have different efficiencies in displaying Internet information on different computer platforms. Figure 1 Search page from the Web browser known as Firefox. Image used with permission of Mozilla, parent of Firefox. For a free copy of Firefox, which operates on either Apple or IBM compatibles, visit http://www.mozilla.org. Evolt http://browsers.evolt.org/ As is the case with Web browsers, there are a number of Internet search engines. Each search engine has a variety of features that address different objectives for finding information from the Internet. The State University of New York at Albany has organized an excellent list of Internet search engines.

The World Wide Web can be used a powerful and convenient means of disseminating computer aided education because most students already have access to the Web and the necessary Web browsers such as Netscape. There are many benefits in this approach because students already tend to do significant amounts of Internet surfing and are familiar with the usage of Web sites and browsers. Therefore online instruction for their coursework using this all pervasive computer network which may be accessed from almost anywhere is a powerful and beneficial low cost alternative to other forms of computer aided learning. The key aims of this package development are to provide a compact and self contained package of instruction in the features and facilities provided by the C programming language together with an introduction to the Unix programming environment with its vast range of utilities and command interpreter shells. Part of this introduction to Unix is provided in the Bourne Shell as a programming language instruction module.

The MITRE Corporation in support of the Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA) has developed a proxy agent functionality that allows DISA's major customers to have a network management status view of the DISA's IP router-based networks. The network management proxy agent, which operates at the element management level of the router network management hierarchy, has been developed using the World Wide Web (WWW) technology. To provide this functionality, MITRE has developed a network management Web server (NMWS) software that takes information from DISA's network management system (NMS), namely Hewlett Packard's Open View (HPOV) software and publishes it on the Web. This software, which is a collection of Perl scripts that run on a dedicated NMWS host, takes X windows screens from HPOV, converts them to GDF files, and publishes them on a Web server. In addition, the NMWS software provides a non-graphical form-based interface to the HPOV database to provide a near real-time status of circuits that are identified by their IP addresses or customer circuit service descriptor (CCSDs) to DISA's customers. The NMWS software was developed and operates on Solaris 2.5 with an X11R5 distribution. Network users access the NMWS host via their Web browser and are presented with (1) a list of available views, which is the same as the views on the screen of the NMWS host at the time of the last NMWS invocation, and (2) a form, which may be used to provide access circuit status using the text file of the Open View database. They can pull down a view via the Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and with most browsers this view will automatically update. This paper discusses the results of our testing and experimentation, and our lessons learned and recommendations for using a Web-based approach for network management of large networks.

A bit of history We briefly introduced in the first two chapters the birth, development, and history of the Internet network, but mainly as an access and connectivity “tool” (corresponding also to the goal of the telephone network). But connectivity and voice are not the only applications, and the Internet is not the only network of interest. The cable (television) network is another example. Now, the Internet is providing a lot of different types of interactions and access to whatever type of data, tool, or software one requires for leisure, at work, and in daily life; the possibilities seem limited only by our imagination. The Internet was initiated by the Defense Department in the USA in order to share research data. For security reasons, i.e., to make it less vulnerable to attacks, the network was designed to be decentralized, a key characteristic that actually, albeit unintentionally, became a reason for its economic development and success. While the infrastructure was developing, there was an increasing demand for automatic information sharing between scientists working in different universities and institutes all over the world. The World Wide Web (WWW) was released on August 6, 1991, by CERN (the European Organization for Nuclear Research), and designed to meet that demand. We remark that the terms World Wide Web and Internet are often used indiscriminately, but the Internet is usually more about the communications infrastructure, while the World Wide Web is about the mass of documents that can be found on the network, connected by hyperlinks. To better navigate on the World Wide Web, the first web browser, Mosaic (which later became Netscape), was released in 1993.

The rapid proliferation of digitalization and the growing reliance on internet-based technologies by individuals and organizations have led to a significant escalation in the frequency and sophistication of cyberattacks. As attackers continuously refine their methods to evade conventional defense mechanisms, antivirus solutions, despite their widespread utilization as primary security tools, face increasing challenges in addressing these evolving threats. This study introduces AV-Teller, a novel framework designed for analyzing antivirus behavior through interactions with web browsers. AV-Teller reveals weaknesses in antivirus detection mechanisms by highlighting ways in which web browser interactions may inadvertently expose critical aspects of antivirus operations. The framework provides key insights into the vulnerabilities inherent to these detection processes and their implications for the interplay between antivirus systems and modern web technologies. To assess the efficacy of the AV-Teller in detecting antivirus via web browsers, the framework evaluates three detection scenarios: Document Object Model (DOM) Monitoring-Based Detection, Signature-Based Detection, and Phishing Page-Based Detection. The results revealed performance inconsistencies: 16 products (57%) failed to respond to any tested scenarios, exhibiting deficiencies in threat mitigation capabilities. Of the 12 products (43%) that successfully handled three scenarios, 9 (75%) inadvertently disclosed identifiable antivirus metadata during assessments, thereby enabling attackers to pinpoint specific antivirus solutions and exploit their vulnerabilities. These findings highlight critical gaps in the interaction between antivirus systems and web technologies, exposing systemic flaws in existing security mechanisms. The inadvertent exposure of sensitive antivirus data underscores the necessity for robust data handling protocols, necessitating collaboration between antivirus developers and web technology stakeholders to design secure frameworks. By exposing these risks, the AV-Teller framework elucidates the limitations of current defenses and establishes a foundation for the enhancement of antivirus technologies to address emerging cyber threats effectively.

Presents AIDI-Heart, a computer-based decision support tool for the automated interpretation of diagnostic heart images, which has been made available via the World Wide Web (WWW). The tool is based on image processing techniques, artificial neural networks and large and well-validated medical databases. The performance of the tool has been evaluated, and the results show the high potential for the tool as a clinical decision support system. The tool has now been integrated into a WWW environment for easy access and operation using any Web browser. This first version of AIDI-Heart is being evaluated by three hospitals, two in Denmark and one in Sweden.

of useful Web sites, will enhance your exploration of this rich resource. (A list of educational research Web sites discussed in this article are available at http://www-leland.stanford.edu/ ~davidf/edwebresearch.) The Internet refers to a worldwide network of computers talking a language known as TCP/IP. Tens of millions of people in the United States alone work or play with computers that are connected to this network, and worldwide, the number must exceed 100 million. To most users (including other researchers and scholars), the Internet appears as e-mail and the World Wide Web (WWW). The former is probably familiar to anyone reading this article; indeed, estimates are that the number of e-mail letters sent in the United States first exceeded the number of paper postal items in 1995. The WWW, virtually unheard of in 1993, now occupies a prominent place in world popular culture; the once obscure symbol http:// is now ubiquitous. The WWW is a standardized method of transferring files (text, graphics, audio) across the Internet and can result in attractive, vivid, and engaging presentations (known as Web pages) to users connecting to the Internet via Web browsers (Netscape and Microsoft Internet Explorer are currently the most popular). It seems likely that e-mail, web browsing, and-as the speed of telecommunications inevitably increasesvideoconferencing will constitute the core of Internet use for researchers and scholars in the near future.' One

Naxos Video Library. [Franklin, TN]: Naxos Digital Services, 2009-. http://naxosvideolibrary.com (Accessed August 2010 to September 2010). [Requires audio-enabled computer, Web browser and Internet connection, and Adobe Flash Player. Pricing: for institutions, from $675.00 to $3850.00 per year depending on number of simultaneous users.] For information regarding the scope of this column, consult the headnote in the September 2010 issue (p. 164 of this volume). The dates of access for each review of an online source indicate the dates during which the reviewer was evaluating the resource. All Web sites were last accessed to verify availability on 24 September 2010. Introduced in 2009, Naxos Video Library (hereafter NVL) provides over 300 (as of January 2010) individual musical performances on streaming video. As might be expected, many of these are opera performances, but NVL also includes a number of concert videos and ballets. Also included are a small number of feature films (currently all foreign and non-English Language films), jazz performances, musical documentaries and Naxos's own Musical journeys video series. The video offerings are often the same (although not all are included) as the DVDs Naxos offers for sale in their monthly New Release Guide. Not surprisingly, NVL closely matches in genre and theme that of the Naxos Music Library. This model of selection and sale differs from NVL's primary competitor in this market, Opera in Video, which is offered by Alexander Street Press. As Naxos is both a producer and a distributor of music, a large portion of both NVL and the Naxos Music Library consists of titles that Naxos owns rather than licenses. One assumption to consider about this model is that the content that Naxos offers could be deemed more stable (in the sense of whether the content purchased today will still be there tomorrow) than that of Alexander Street Press, which only acts as a distributor. Since it is fairly obvious that the recording industry at large is still suspicious of digital content and how it can be distributed--and more importantly, protected (especially with video content)--any library purchasing products such as NVL must not assume that they have satisfied all of their collection development needs in this area with such an acquisition. While many predict the demise of both the CD and the DVD, purchasing these formats is still a necessity for most libraries and acquiring purely digital content can only be considered an adjunct. Content As of this review, NVL currently consists of over five hundred performances on video from eighteen different labels (Arthaus, Dacapo, Dynamic, Medici Arts, Opus Arte, TDK, to name a few). As one would expect, Western art music comprises the majority of the offerings. A product like Naxos Video Library lives or dies by two things: content and its searching/navigating features. Currently, the content offered in NVL is lacking. Licensing performances for streaming in such a product is difficult at best, but to make the content included in NVL truly valuable to one of its major customers (libraries), NVL will require some significant enhancements. For example, in addition to the obvious benefit of multiple users having simultaneous access to the same title, one of the major advantages of a streaming video library of music is the ability to choose several performances of the same work for comparison. Software is provided exactly for this purpose. For pedagogical purposes, a user wants to compare and contrast the same scene or aria from an opera side by side; a task that would be difficult, if not impossible using DVDs. But the product must first provide those several performances in order to make the comparison. In the current NVL, only about half of the operas have more than one performance available. Of those operas, most offer only two performances (although curiously, there are five performances of Macbeth! …

Online finding aids, internet search tools, and increased access to the World Wide Web have greatly changed how patrons find archival collections. Through analyzing eighteen months of access data collected via web analytics tools, this article examines how patrons discover archival materials. Contrasts are drawn between access from library catalogs and from online search engines, with the latter outweighing the former by an overwhelming margin, and argues whether archival description practices should change accordingly. The past decade brought a revolution in intellectual access to archival collections through the emergence of the online finding aid. These tools, created in a multiplicity of formats (EAD, HTML, PDF, and others), have made it possible for researchers anywhere to use an Internet connection to find materials in archives. Since archivists first introduced this genre of digital documents to support unmediated discovery, they have been accompanied by questions about their use and usability. Tools exist to measure access counts and the pathways followed to these finding aids, but to date very little has been published to show whether these tools are being used for this purpose, or what the results are if they are being used. This article will examine the experience of one repository, Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections (MASC) at the Washington State University Libraries, in collecting and analyzing data about the use of online finding aids. By 2008, MASC had well over eight hundred HTML finding aids online but no real numeric data 1 O'English: Applying Web Analytics to Online Finding Aids Published by DigitalCommons@USU, 2011 either on how often they were being accessed or on how they were found. In an effort to gather this data, MASC staff placed code from Google Analytics, a statisticsgathering Web service, on each finding aid webpage, as well as on other local gateway and digital collections pages. The intent was to explore the paths patrons follow to finding aids with the hope of improving access, as well as gaining patron-derived information that would help establish priorities for processing collections from the repository backlog and to determine which processed collections might benefit from further attention. The results of the statistical analysis provide useful data on where and how MASC users access our finding aids. Prior to the age of digital finding aids, their paper predecessors were found through various methods, which were generally predictable and well-defined, including online and analog library catalogs, published listings, and mediation by archives staff in person or by telephone. As the digital age emerged, many archives channeled substantial resources into major conversion projects, digitizing finding aids and often creating access to them through existing or new MARC records in online library catalogs. Digital search tools have become increasingly powerful and widespread, and social media have emerged as another path to online finding aids. Archivists with quantitative and qualitative data about the use of online finding aids can make better-informed decisions about the most effective ways to support discovery. The findings in this study suggest that it may again be time to change focus, shifting resources away from catalogs and toward the finding aids themselves.

E-commerce, e-mail, e-greeting, e-this, and e-that everywhere you turn there is a new "e" word for an internet or Web application. We, at the Cleveland Clinic Foundation, have been "e-nlightened" and will discuss in this report the implementation of a web-based radiology information system (RIS) in our radiology division or "e-radiology" division. The application, IDXRad Version 10.0 from IDX Corp, Burlington, VT, is in use at the Cleveland Clinic Foundation and has both intranet (for use in Radiology) and internet (referring physician viewing) modules. We will concentrate on the features of using a web browser for the application's front-end, including easy prototyping for screen review, easier mock-ups of demonstrations by vendors and developers, and easier training as more people become web-addicted. Project communication can be facilitated with an internal project web page, and use of the web browser can accommodate quicker turnaround of software upgrades as the software code is centrally located. Compared with other technologies, including client/server, there is a smaller roll out cost when using a standard web browser. However, the new technology requires a change and changes are never implemented without challenges. A seasoned technologist using a legacy system can enter data quicker using function keys than using a graphical user interface and pointing and clicking through a series of pop-up windows. Also, effective use of a web browser depends on intuitive design for it to be easily implemented and accepted by the user. Some software packages will not work on both of the popular web browsers and then are tailored to specific release levels. As computer-based patient records become a standard, patient confidentiality must be enforced. The technical design and application security features that support the web-based software package will be discussed. Also web technologies have their own implementation issues.

Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a cutting-edge technology capable of producing text, images, and various media content leveraging generative models and user prompts. Between 2022 and 2023, generative AI surged in popularity with a plethora of applications spanning from AI-powered movies to chatbots. This paper investigates the potential of generative AI within the realm of the World Wide Web, specifically focusing on image generation. Web developers already harness generative AI to help craft text and images, while Web browsers might use it in the future to locally generate images for tasks such as repairing broken webpages, conserving bandwidth, and enhancing privacy. To explore this research area, this paper developed WebDiffusion, a tool that allows to simulate a Web powered by stable diffusion, a popular text-to-image model, from both a client and server perspective. Such a tool is the first of its kind, paving the way towards a futuristic world wide web where web images can be created using generative AI. WebDiffusion further supports crowdsourcing of user opinions, which is used to evaluate the quality and accuracy of 409 AI-generated images sourced from 60 webpages. Our findings suggest that generative AI is already capable of producing pertinent and high-quality Web images, even without requiring Web designers to manually input prompts, just by leveraging contextual information available within the webpages. However, direct in-browser image generation remains a challenge, as only highly powerful GPUs, such as the A40 and A100, can (partially) compete with classic image downloads. Nevertheless, this approach could be valuable for a subset of the images, for example, when fixing broken webpages or handling highly private content.

This paper describes the development of GeotechML, a mark-up language for representing geotechnical data on the web. GeotechML is a version of XML (Extensible Mark-up Language) specifically targeted at geotechnical engineering. The representation of geotechnical entities such as dams, retaining walls and foundations is presented. Stylesheets and Java applications have been developed to display the data graphically within a web browser. GeotechML will make it possible to search all geotechnical data available on the web. It is suggested that the World Wide Web will become an international repository of geotechnical information, avoiding the need to establish national or international geotechnical databases.

The World Wide Web (WWW) has opened many new opportunities for the exchange of information. This paper presents development work undertaken at the Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research to enable the distribution of scientific information over the WWW. One of the first projects was to provide an electronic version of the printed ‘Hydrographic Atlas of the Southern Ocean’. The ‘Southern Ocean’ database is presented, the data from which was used for generation of the atlas graphics. This is followed by a discussion of some of the issues related to the creation on the electronic form of the atlas. One major database directly accessible on-line is the ‘Ocean-Circulation Database’, which comprises measured data from research vessel expeditions from 1985 on. The database itself is introduced, after which a description of the two methods of database query via a Web browser is given. If known, the name of a cruise can be input, or alternatively, one can click in the geographical area of interest on a ‘clickable image’ map of the world. Each click zooms the user in to the area of interest until the separate measurement points can be resolved. The user can then directly interrogate the database by clicking on the points.

The Internet and World Wide Web (WWW) are now evolving as an important communication technology and a major information resource provider for industry. This paper discusses the development and implementation of a knowledge-based gear design and manufacturing system over the Internet to create new integrated design and manufacturing environments. By providing access to an interactive web-based support system, any designer with a WWW browser becomes a potential user of this on-line design system. Once connected, the designer follows the system instructions and submits the necessary input data on the appropriate web pages. The server receives a request from a client and invokes a CGI (Common Gateway Interface) program that processes the information provided through the user Interface. The CGI parses the data and has the ability to remotely run the knowledge-based gear design system that integrates knowledge about all aspects of gear design and manufacturing and provides powerful reasoning and decision-making capabilities for reducing the time between gear tooth creation, detailed design and manufacturing process specification via the Internet. When the execution is completed, full specifications definition, geometry, kinematic-loads and stresses are determined through Finite Element Analysis (FEA) within ANSYS, VRML models of the gear pair and gearbox assembly including gears, shafts, bearings and housing are exported according to the designer requests and sent back to designer on the web browser. To accomplish this, a combination of HTML, JavaScript, VRML, CGI Script and C++ is used. Finally, an example on spur gear design utilizing a parallel gearbox design model configuration is discussed.

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