ФОРМУВАННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОЇ СИСТЕМИ КОМПЛЕКСНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА

Introduction. Financial and economic security is an important component of the study of the state of domestic enterprises. The rapid pace of digitization of all spheres of activity prompts economists to study the impact of these processes on the financial and economic security of enterprises. Domestic enterprises are in the process of adapting to the digital environment, which at the same time causes significant risks and threats to economic security. In such conditions, the task of determining the tools and use of marketing support for the financial and economic security of enterprises arises, which involves the systematic application of quality standards to reduce or eliminate possible risks and threats in economic activity. Purpose of the article is to research of the main trends caused by the digital environment and their impact on financial and economic security; analysis of marketing support of financial and economic security of enterprises on the basis of international quality standards. Method (methodology). The information method was used for the research in order to obtain informative data from scientific sources and the Internet; methods of system analysis, classification and comparative analysis - when distinguishing types of quality standards and marketing research standards, generalization method - for formulating conclusions from the conducted research. Results. The impact of digitization processes on ensuring the financial and economic security of enterprises and the need for measures to adapt to the modern digital environment are substantiated. The place of financial security in the system of economic security of the enterprise is defined. The goal of ensuring the financial and economic security of the enterprise has been established. The existing definitions of the concepts of "financial and economic security" are summarized. The application of marketing analysis of the environment of the functioning of business entities in order to determine the factors that affect financial security is argued. The main international standards of marketing research, which allow determining the factors influencing financial security, are highlighted. The system and content of international quality standards, which are strategic tools for ensuring the financial and economic security of the enterprise, have been established.

Introduction. The functioning of agricultural enterprises in a competitive and natural environment causes the existence of specific threats, overcoming which necessitates the creation of an economic security mechanism. The Purpose. The purpose of the article is to identify problems of agricultural enterprises functioning, to protect producers from the effects of destructive influences, to ensure stable and maximally effective development of enterprises in the future. Results. It is established that the structural composition of the economic security system is formed by intra-production and non-production components. The plural of non-production components of economic security of agrarian enterprises are given, which include market and information. The basic components of agricultural enterprises economic security developed by scientists are summarized: their essence is defined and the services responsible for them are specified. The group of principles of the system construction of agricultural enterprises economic security is presented: legality, systematic construction, economic feasibility, effectiveness of managerial decisions, efficiency, cost optimization, validity, complexity, balance, timeliness, continuity, constant monitoring, activity, coordination and interaction, centralization, interaction focus on strategic goals, objectivity, responsiveness and dynamism, variability, responsiveness, adaptability, flexibility of management, development and improvement, promotion and responsibility. Conclusions. It is determined that the economic security of an agricultural enterprise is a state of its economic resources that provides a rational branch-organizational structure of the enterprise, taking into account the geographical location and natural and climatic conditions of its activity, under which it is able to effectively counter the possible threats to the internal and external environment, as well as to achieve the set goals and objectives based on the implementation of its chosen development strategy. Keywords: agrarian enterprises, economic security, economic security of the enterprise, system of economic security of the enterprise, planning.

The operating conditions of Ukrainian enterprises require maximum attention to business security issues. Each enterprise has its own system of economic security based on existing experience and in accordance with existing theoretical developments. The effectiveness of security activities within each enterprise is not high due to the spread among top management of the belief that the system of economic security is immutable and the focus of the actions of security entities on the elimination of the consequences of the implementation of the main threats. The purpose of the study was to create a theoretical basis for the development of the enterprise's economic security system, based on the current tasks facing security entities and changes in the external environment of the functioning of Ukrainian enterprises. To consider the theoretical foundations of the formation of the economic security system of the enterprise, the following methods were applied: induction and deduction, comparison and systematization – in the study of the essential characteristics of the terms "system", "system approach" and "system of economic security of the enterprise"; synthesis and analysis – to consider the phasing of the formation of the enterprise's economic security system; morphological analysis – to specify the components of the enterprise's economic security system; graphic – for visual presentation of theoretical and methodical material; abstract-logical – for theoretical generalizations and research conclusions. The importance of rethinking the foundations of the formation of the enterprise's economic security system is substantiated, taking into account the current trends in increasing the share of the digital economy, digitalization of the labor market and the need for the appropriate digital transformation of the enterprise. Based on the generalization of the modern interpretation of the concepts "system", "system approach" and "system of economic security of the enterprise" a model of the formation of the system of economic security of the enterprise in the conditions of digitization of the labor market has been developed. As structural components of such a system, the following are highlighted: target orientations of security activities; task; subjects and objects of security; functions; politics; strategy, principles, security objects; provisioning mechanism. Attention is paid to the tools and equipment that determine the effectiveness of security entities in the ability to maintain the level of security necessary for the development of the enterprise.

Introduction. The global trend of ESG business investment is of particular importance for Ukraine. First, the steel industry has suffered significant damage because of Russian aggression and is still suffering from damaged railway infrastructure and logistical constraints, shortages of raw materials and energy, loss of assets and shelling of facilities. However, while implementing ESG practices, Ukrainian businesses face a wide range of ESG risks, which require further research. The objective is to study the impact of ESG threats on the economic security of enterprises and the effective attraction of financial resources, which are essential in the war and post-war period for the reconstruction of Ukraine's economy and, in particular, metallurgical enterprises and thus, for ensuring their socio-economic development on the basis of sustainability, transparency and environmental friendliness. Methodology. The study used a set of scientific methods that provided a comprehensive survey of ESG threats to the economic security of metallurgical enterprises, namely: bibliographic - for reviewing literature sources; analytical and synthetic - for selecting literature sources that were important for building the research model; interpretation method - for formulating the author's own vision of the impact of ESG threats on the implementation of ESG practices in the activities of industrial enterprises during the war and in the post-war period; analysis and synthesis - for theoretical generalisation. Results. The study identified key ESG threats affecting metallurgical enterprises' economic security. A direct link between ESG threats and the implementation of ESG practices in the activities of industrial enterprises during the war and in the post-war period has been established. It is proved that enterprises that ignore ESG principles of activity demonstrate higher losses from regulatory pressure. Strategic guidelines for the introduction of ESG management at metallurgical enterprises, which should become a guarantee of their economic security, are proposed.

In modern conditions of unpredictability of economic activity, enterprises represent an open dynamic system. Functioning and development of the enterprises is influenced by numerous external and internal factors. Multiple threats of economic security may lead to negative consequences in form of solvency and financial stability violations, profitability reduction and other deterioration in the enterprise. In this regard, the relevance and the need of ensuring economic security of enterprises are increasing. The issues of economic security are relatively new to the national science. At the same time, a sufficient number of scientific literature devote to this topic. In this article is presented the analysis and the systematization of various definitions of economic security. On its basis, the authors have identified five main approaches. The relationship between economic security and other economic categories such as sustainability, effectiveness, development and independence was explained. In order to counter threats of economic security and to ensure stable functioning of enterprise, the system of economic security is developed and presented in the paper. Under this system, main ways of increasing the level of economic security of enterprises was presented. Ensuring of economic security of each enterprise serve as a basis for sustainable development both businesses and the economy as a whole.

Зміна політичної обстановки наприкінці ХХ століття змінила сутність функціонування України.Проблема, що стоїть перед Україною, має двоїсте протиріччя: з одного боку необхідність інтегрувати-ся в світову економіку, з іншого, забезпечити внутрішню економічну інтеграцію, захист свого внутріш-нього ринку і національних інтересів. Рішення даної задачі можливе при наявності надійної системиекономічної безпеки держави, регіонів, підприємства, індивіда.Стаття присвячена дослідженню проблематики щодо «діагностики економічної безпеки підп-риємств», наведено авторське визначення сутності поняття «економічна безпека сільськогосподарсь-кого підприємства» – це такий стан функціональних секторів підприємства, його менеджменту та пар-тнерських зв’язків, які забезпечують підприємству довготривале функціонування в складі конкурентос-проможного технологічного ланцюгу на ринку сільськогосподарської продукції. Рекомендовано методдіагностування економічної безпеки підприємства в основу якого покладено бюджетування. Рекомен-довано авторську методику з визначення рівня безпеки підприємства.

The article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the impact of structural transformations on the economic security of enterprises in the current conditions of dynamic changes in the global and regional economy. Structural transformations, which include changes in the organisational, production, technological and market spheres, have a significant impact on the ability of enterprises to ensure sustainability, financial stability, competitiveness and sustainable development. The article examines the impact of external and internal factors on the economic security of enterprises in the context of structural changes. Particular attention is paid to the key aspects of economic security, including: innovation activity, strategic planning, risk management, improving the efficiency of production processes and adaptation to new market conditions. The article analyses the main risks arising in the course of structural transformations, including increased competitive pressure, dependence on foreign markets, the need to integrate modern technologies and financial challenges. The article presents the author's approach to assessing the impact of structural changes on the economic security of enterprises. It is proposed to take into account a wide range of criteria, such as financial indicators, level of innovation, efficiency of management decisions and the ability of an enterprise to adapt to the crisis. Emphasis is placed on developing practical recommendations to improve the level of economic security of enterprises in the process of structural changes. Among the recommended measures are: introduction of an internal control system, diversification of production and market activities, investments in technology modernisation and personnel development, formation of adaptive organisational structures. The results of the study have both theoretical and practical value. They can be used by managers involved in strategic management to develop mechanisms for protecting the economic security of an enterprise. Researchers can use the findings as a basis for further research in this area. The presented material contributes to the formation of more effective approaches to the management of enterprises in the context of structural changes.

Despite vast research has been carried out and a great number of approaches are available to assess the economic security of enterprises, currently a range of security-related issues are yet beyond the research agenda, thus triggering a need for their thorough investigation and interpretation, in particular this refers to a contradictedness concept underpinned by the inverse relationship between its level (state) and a management decision which can be effective subject to certain economic indicators. The purpose of this study is to develop theoretical and methodological approaches to assess the enterprise economic security with due regard to management decisions effectiveness. To attain the research objectives, the following research methods have been employed: generalization – to draw conclusions from a primary sources content analysis, analysis and synthesis – to provide deeper understanding of the key research categories along with specifying the economic security indicators. The study suggests an ambivalent approach to the perception of management decisions. Using the example of a decision made as to the implementation of an investment project, it is demonstrated that, in contrast to the existing approaches (in which it is viewed as an anti-crisis measure and a tool to boost the level of economic security), in fact, the project may be effective from the position of enhancing the key economic indicators, however it will fail from the perspective of increasing the level of economic security. In this context, the indicators of the investment project economic efficiency have been updated with a focus towards enhancing the enterprise economic security. The study presents an algorithm to test the investment feasibility together with evaluating its impact on the level and the state of the enterprise economic security. The authors also provide a classification of effects from management decisions aimed at increasing the level of economic security. In addition to the above, a chain modeling algorithm is proposed to assess the state of economic security taking into account the rate of change in reaching by security indicators (and its individual elements) their liminal values. The use of this algorithm allows to predict the effects of multiple alternatives in management decision-making on the state of the enterprise economic security. An improved brute force methodological approach applied to investing in processes (projects) to ensure the enterprise economic security provides for a more balanced approach when making appropriate management decisions. The proposals made have important practical implications since they expand the management analytics capabilities and allow to consider the effects from management decisions on the enterprise economic security.

Aim. The presented study aims to develop recommendations for improving the existing mechanisms of adaptation of small enterprises to the uncertain conditions of the external environment associated with digitalization processes in the economy.Tasks. The author analyzes the existing mechanisms of adaptation of small enterprises to the conditions of uncertainty; substantiates the connection between the digitalization of business processes and the economic security of enterprises; proposes an original approach to the content of the mechanism of adaptation of small enterprises to the processes of digitalization.Methods. The author uses general and special scientific methods and techniques. General scientific methods include analysis and synthesis, comparison and generalization, modeling, literature review, observation, and expert assessment. Special scientific methods include factor analysis and process analysis.Results. The author substantiates the introduction of digital tools provided by Industry 4.0 and step-by-step digitalization of small enterprises in the form of original diagrams demonstrating the content of the mechanism of adaptation of enterprises to the processes of digitalization, individual elements of this mechanism (Internet marketing and its technologies), and prospects for the development of the mechanism in the form of a diagram of its integration into a large digital ecosystem (region, cluster, etc.). The most significant elements of the proposed adaptation mechanism are the mechanism of digitalization and the mechanism of economic security of small enterprises as well as their relationship and balance of interests. The study examines practical approaches to the step-by-step digitalization of small enterprise activities by assessing the efficiency of introducing certain Internet marketing tools in the activities of a small enterprise that does not directly operate in online mode (a chain of driving schools). A relevant investment project is assessed, showing the efficiency of all proposed scenarios. The author also considers the prospects of integrating small enterprises into a single digital ecosystem of a larger structure or entity (region, cluster, etc.) for a large-scale socio-economic synergetic effect that would serve as a mutual benefit for all participants of the system.Conclusions. In spite of the lack of a clear model for the digitalization of the economy in Russia and many obstacles to the successful digital transformation of small enterprises, practical digitalization mechanisms are already being developed, offering a set of step-by-step actions for small enterprises with allowance for their limited resources and prospects for development in each market. One of the success factors of digitalization is the correlation and balance between digitalization mechanisms and the economic security of enterprises. By adopting international approaches to Internet marketing technologies, a modern small enterprise gains a significant strategic advantage in the long term.

Стаття присвячена актуальному питанню економічної безпеки підприємства, оскільки економічна безпека дозволяє підприємству функціонувати і розвиватися в стабільному режимі та забезпечувати наявність необхідних ресурсів, фінансову стійкість та ефективне управління, що дозволяє уникнути фінансових труднощів, банкрутства і зберегти конкурентоспроможність. Результати дослідження поняття економічної безпеки підприємства та його значення для діяльності підприємства представлені. Також проведений аналіз наукових праць вчених, присвячених дослідженню економічної безпеки, з метою уточнення змісту поняття. Розглянута еволюція розвитку досліджуваного поняття і показано, що його сутність формувалася через кілька етапів, що пояснює розбіжності в його визначенні. Також здійснено систематизацію трактувань поняття «економічна безпека» вітчизняними та зарубіжними економістами. Основною метою економічної безпеки підприємства визначено гарантування його стабільного та ефективного функціонування. У роботі виділено основні функціональні цілі економічної безпеки та названо фактори, що впливають на формування економічної безпеки підприємства.

In the modern conditions of the world economy, the structural components of economic security can be considered at different levels of the hierarchy of relations, in particular: 1.The global level, where the key factors affecting the economic security of the world economy are determined.This includes international agreements, economic relations between countries, international organizations and other global instruments affecting the state of economic, information and ecological security.2. Regional level, where specific aspects of economic, information and ecological security are considered in individual regions or a group of countries.Regional agreements, trade blocs, energy cooperation, economic integration and other regional initiatives are key components of economic security at this level.3. National levelcomponents of economic, information and ecological security that reflect the policies and strategies of a specific country.This includes internal reforms, the level of economic stability, foreign trade policy and other internal aspects affecting the economic security of the country.4. Sectoral levelreflects economic, information and ecological security in specific sectors such as finance, energy, information technology, and other industries that may be critical to overall economic, information and ecological security.Depending on the level of the hierarchy, these components interact with each other and affect the general state of economic, information and ecological security at different levels of the global economy.

The article considers the problems of standardization in the field of economic security. The aim of the article is to develop a scientific and methodological approach to the development of a single national standard for economic security of enterprises adapted to international security standards. According to the results of the study, the systematization and a list of international security standards that can be applied in the field of economic security and their compliance with the functional components of the economic security system of the enterprise. The scientific and methodical approach on development of the general (national) standard on economic safety of the enterprise taking into account the European safety standards is offered. The study provided an opportunity to propose a partial solution to the problem of standardization of economic security of enterprises and identify further areas of research on the general problem, which may be issues related to improving the scientific and methodological apparatus needed to develop standards of economic security of enterprises; development of methods that are necessary for the development of standards for each functional component of the economic security of the enterprise; development (improvement) of methods for assessing the risks of managing the economic security system; development (improvement) of legal documents on economic security.

The article considers possible ways to reveal the impact of digital transformation on the economic security of companies. The analysis of theoretical and methodological approaches to the disclosure of the economic essence of economic security of the enterprise in a turbulent environment and digitalization of the economy has identified six vectors of modern scientific achievements on the economic security of the enterprise. The purpose of the study summarize theoretical studies of economic security, analyze and describe digital transformations, perform an assessment of the impact of digital transformations on the economic security of enterprises. It is determined that the development of the modern system of economic security of enterprises consists in its adaptation to application in the conditions of digital transformations. The theoretical basis of formation of the adapted system of economic safety of the enterprise is formed, the basic principles of adaptation are formulated; the main stages of adaptation are highlighted; a structured model of the adapted system of economic security of digital transformations of enterprises is developed.

The article is devoted to the study of theoretical, methodological, and applied aspects of the impact of financial instruments on the economic security of enterprises, the relevance of which is significantly increasing in the context of global instability, heightened geopolitical tensions, and unfolding inflationary processes. The authors proceed from the assumption that financial instruments are a dual phenomenon: on the one hand, they offer opportunities for raising capital and hedging risks, and on the other hand, their irrational use can lead to significant losses and bankruptcy. The problem is particularly acute in connection with the war in Ukraine and the emergence of new digital financial assets, which create both new opportunities and threats. The aim of this work is to study this impact and develop practical recommendations for the effective use of financial instruments to strengthen economic security. To achieve this goal, the authors analyzed and systematized modern scientific approaches to the interpretation of the concept of “economic security of an enterprise,” in particular, resource-functional, systemic, institutional, riskological, and adaptive-innovative approaches. The paper highlights insufficiently researched aspects of the problem, including the lack of comprehensive integrated models and the imperfection of classifications of instruments based on their impact on security. The key scientific and practical result of the article is the development of its own classification of financial instruments according to the criterion of their impact on economic security (liquidity, investment, hedging, credit and banking, digital, etc.) and the systematization of the main groups of risks that threaten the financial stability of enterprises (financial, credit, operational, regulatory, digital, reputational, etc.). On this basis, a preventive monitoring model is proposed, based on a system of key risk indicators (KRI) with defined signal thresholds for rapid response to critical trends. Based on the analysis, a set of methodological recommendations for enterprises has been developed. In particular, the authors emphasize the need to diversify sources of financing through non-banking instruments (leasing, factoring), actively use insurance and hedging, introduce digital risk dashboards, and develop a formalized internal policy for managing financial instruments. The authors link the prospects for further research to the empirical testing of the proposed model, the development of industry strategies, and the application of machine learning methods in economic security management.

The purpose of the research is to establish the characteristic features and signs, the inherent mechanism and strategies of managing financial and economic security, which should be used by domestic enterprises in the war period and in the post-war recovery period in the conditions of the development of Industry 4.0 trends in the realities of the BANI world. Defects in the organization and functioning of the financial and economic security management mechanism were identified, which began to be clearly investigated during the work of business entities in wartime conditions. Additional elements of the financial and economic security management mechanism of the enterprise in the conditions of Industry 4.0 and BANI World are proposed. The peculiarities of the strategy and mechanism of managing the financial and economic security of enterprises in various models of the world system are specified. The outline of the GUARDIAN strategy for the implementation of the tasks of strategic management of the financial and economic security of enterprises was developed and the expediency of its use in the realities of Industry 4.0 and BANI World was substantiated.The development of a new paradigm of strategic management of financial and economic security for the post-war recovery of business entities in the conditions of BANI World, taking into account the trends of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, allows expanding the limits of the application of the tools of effective security-oriented management. In order to successfully optimize traditional approaches to financial and economic security management in the post-war period, it is necessary to transform the financial and economic security management mechanism to ensure its readiness to counteract the impact on the enterprise's corporate resources from the threat of military aggression, global pandemics, the development of the trend of Industry 4.0 and BANI world.