建構運動參與行為模式之研究－以「2013AMD環花東國際自行車大賽」參賽者為例

The more and more efficiently the community in owning and determining vehicle choices has resulted in increasingly increasing the trend of private vehicle use as the primary transportation mode replacing public transportation. Planned Behavior Theory is expected to accurately predict people's intentions and behavior in using private vehicles. The variables used are the independent variable Attitude Toward, Subjective Norm and Perceived Behavioral Control, then Intention Behavior as the intervening and Behavior dependent variable. The research population is the community of private motorists using cars and motorbikes in the city of Makassar. The number of samples used was 210 respondents. The sampling used is Purposive Random Sampling. Primary data and information through an open questionnaire. Analysis of research data with the Structural Equation Model with IBM AMOS Software. The results obtained show that attitude toward intention to behavior means that attitude variables compared to Subjective Norm and Perceived Behavioral Control variables predominantly affect Intention and Behavior. The Attitude Toward of vehicle users who are influenced by Behavior belief will ensure that the vehicles they use can make social values increase, will be more valued and respected. Vehicles are not only a means of transportation but also a symbol of a person's establishment.

We aimed to assess the effect of a theory of planned behavior (TPB)-based educational intervention on attitude, norms, parental control, behavioral control, and intention in high school girls in Tehran, Iran. Randomized controlled trial. This study was conducted among 578 high school girls, 12 to 16 yr, in Tehran, Iran in 2016. The subjects were randomly assigned to the experimental (n=289) and control (n=289) groups using multistage random cluster sampling. TPB is the basis for both education and evaluation; therefore, the TPB-based questionnaire was used before and after the intervention. The intervention included three months education and six months follow up. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 through statistical tests and analysis of covariance. Significant improvement in attitude (difference=16.8; 95% CI: 15.3, 18.3), subjective norms (16.4; 95% CI=14.83 to 18.11), perceived behavioral control (18.0; 95% CI: 16.6, 19.4), perceived parental control (17%; 95% CI: 15.1, 18.9), behavioral intention (18.4%; 95 CI: 14.8, 18.3), and behavior (18.5; 95% CI:16.8, 20.2) was observed in experimental group compared to control group (P<0.001). Theory-based educational intervention in sexual and reproductive health can effectively reduce the high-risk behaviors related to sexual and reproductive health in adolescent girls. Health and education policy-makers are advised to review the current education programs and replace them with new influential education programs related to sexual and reproductive health in the school system.

This study utilized an extended Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) with the addition of descriptive norms and barriers constructs. The variables studied were knowledge, attitude, subjective norms, descriptive norms, perceived behavioral control, barriers, intentions and behavior of hand washing. This study involved 146 food handlers who work in 18 hostels kitchen from two types of boarding schools in Peninsular Malaysia. It was found that overall, most of the respondents demonstrated high level of attitude, subjective norms, descriptive norms, perceived behavioral control, barriers, intention and behaviors of hand washing. Result shows an average of high means of all constructs of the extended TPB. Results from the self-reported hand washing among food handlers in the foodservice operations of boarding schools suggest that an improvement should be made to the hand washing practices among food handlers. Some respondents admitted to sometimes not carrying out hand washing behavior properly, signifying that hand washing compliance are disputed. These findings have important practices implications where all food handlers should adhere to the hand washing guidelines as proposed by the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Education to make sure they produce safe and clean foods.

The theory of planned behavior is used to study physician's behavior of clinical pathway compliance, on which the model of decision making mechanism for such compliance was built.This aims at exploring the relationship between the behavioral risk factors, behavioral belief and behavioral intention, and the occurrence, and recommend on further regulation of physicians' behavior and policies in hospital management. Key words: Physician's behavior; Clinical pathway; Compliance; Theory of planned behavior; Modeling

As the pollution and the ecological imbalance problems are getting worse, a kind of living group valuing environment and health is developing. It affects the consumer behavior as well. The organic products put strength on healthy, no pesticide, and no additive. Besides providing healthier and more assure consuming, they can contribute to the environment. In recent years, they have become the new trend of consuming. The product promotion is decided on the consumer acceptances of the products. However, some influence factors cannot be observed directly. It will help the marketing people, understanding the relationships between these factors, to stipulate effective marketing strategies and selling channels. This research studies the purchase intention of the consumers in Taiwan to buy organic products in accordance with theory of planed behavior. We analyze the data with reliability analysis and structural equation model. The results of the study are as follows: 1. As for purchasing the organic products in Taiwan, subjective norm does positive and significant influence on consumers purchase intention. 2. Perceived behavior control does positive and significant influence on consumers purchase intention. 3. Attitude does positive and significant influence on consumers purchase intention.

This research employs the technology acceptance model and social cognitive theory to explore the impact of college students' attitude, cognition, and environment of technology application on behavioral intention and application, as well as to investigate the interference of stress and motivation to the digital technology application model. Questionnaire survey approach was adopted to develop the ”Digital technology application behavioral questionnaire.” The research subjects were college students from Kaohsiung city, Kaohsiung county, and Pingtung county. The stratified random sampling was administered for collecting 409 valid questionnaire responses. Structural equation modeling (SEM) with AMOS 17 was used to analyze the collected data. The findings of the study are (1) the model's goodness fitting is fine with good explanation power. Additionally, the paths of cognition, attitude, environment, behavioral intention, and all behavioral latent valuables are positively correlated. That is, college students' behavioral application of digital technology was primarily influenced by their behavioral intention; and the behavioral intention was influenced by the environment most, secondly by cognition and attitude, and (2) the results of the multiple-group analysis show that behavioral intention had significant impact on the behavior application of digital technology among all groups. But there is no significant difference between the models of the high motivation and low motivation groups or high stress and low stress groups, indicating the interference of motivation and of stress are not significant.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the current state of hotel employees" perceptions toward e-learning. Although the internet is ubiquitous in South Korea, hotel employees" readiness for e-learning has yet to be fully explored in Korea. This study contributes to the literature in education in three ways. First, the adoption of e-learning is explored from a multi-faceted perspective including attitude to e-learning, subjective norm, and perceived behavior control. Second, this study shows the relative importance of perceived behavior control in the decision to adopt e-learning. Third, the current findings reveal that usefulness and easy to use affect hotel employees" attitude for adopting e-learning. This study describes a conceptual model, based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB), which explains how hotel employees" beliefs influence their intention to adopt e-learning in the training. AMOS was used to analyze self-report data from 258 hotel employees. The findings showed that the TPB explained hotel employees’ acceptance of e-learning reasonably well. More specifically, behavioral control, attitude, and subjective norm positively influenced their intention to adopt e-learning. The findings of this study should help practitioners design more user-accepted e-learning systems.

In recent four years the annual sales in department stores are the highest in the retail industries which show the important of department stores in the retail industries. In Taiwan , the competition of department stores are so intense that it is hard to survive in the industry. Baker, Levy and Grewal( 1992) discovered that when it is hard to get advantage in product, price, promotion and place, the store itself is the chance to stand out in the market. This research applies “ambient,” “design” and “social” factors as the dimension of store atmosphere, to affect consumer emotions、consumer satisfaction and behavioral intention and how the three dimension of store atmosphere can affect behavioral intention. The subjects of this research are people who have work experience and had been to Shin Kong Mitsukoshi Xinyi Place. This research use SEM (structural equation model) to analyze data. The conclusions are as follow: 1. Store atmosphere in Shin Kong Mitsukoshi Xinyi Place directly and significantly affects customer emotion. According to the data the three dimensions of store atmosphere can successfully affect customer emotion. 2. Store atmosphere in Shin Kong Mitsukoshi Xinyi Place can’t directly affect behavioral intention however, through customer emotion and customer satisfaction can indirectly affect behavioral intention. 3. The correlations between store atmosphere, customer emotion, customer satisfaction and behavioral intention are verified. According to this research store atmosphere in Shin Kong Mitsukoshi Xinyi Place can successfully affect consumer emotions, consumer satisfaction, and behavioral intention.

This study seeks to establish the influence of the Big Five personality traits, which include Openness, Neuroticism, Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, and Extraversion, on growers’ willingness to embrace crop insurance schemes. Furthermore, it explores the role of Attitude, Subjective Norms, and Perceived Behavioral Control, as proposed in the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), on this relationship. Using a structured questionnaire, data were collected from 412 growers of arecanut and pepper. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) via Smart-PLS 3.3. The analysis revealed that Perceived Behavioral Control (β = 0.462**), Subjective Norms (β = 0.260**), and Attitude (β = 0.115**) positively influenced growers’ behavioral intentions. Interestingly, the Big Five personality traits themselves did not have a direct effect on these intentions. Further mediation analysis demonstrated that Attitude and Subjective Norms fully mediated the effects of Extraversion (α = 0.026**, β = 0.069), Neuroticism (α = 0.019**, β = –0.016), and Openness (α = 0.024**, β = 0.069) on Behavioral Intention. However, these variables did not mediate the relationship between Agreeableness (α = 0.011, β = 0.058), Conscientiousness (α = –0.017, β = –0.080), and Behavioral Intention. Additionally, perceived behavioral control mediated the link between personality traits and intention, though this was not the case for Conscientiousness. This study contributes to the application of the TPB by incorporating the Big Five personality traits and exploring their interaction with the TPB dimensions.

مقدمه: بر اساس پژوهش های گوناگون دانشجویان در زمان تحصیل استرس زیادی را متحمل می­شوند. استرس تحصیلی اگر شدت یابد یا ادامه پیدا کند، در زمینه سلامت روانی و بهزیستی، مشکلاتی را ایجاد می­کند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی عوامل پیش­بینی‌کننده وضعیت استرس تحصیلی و عوامل موثر بر آن در بین دانشجویان بر اساس نظریه رفتار برنامه‌ریزی‌ شده انجام شد. روش­کار: جامعه آماری این مطالعه توصیفی-تحلیلی تمام دانشجویان دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در سال تحصیلی 1396-1395 بودند که تعداد 320 دانشجو به صورت تصادفی انتخاب شدند. جهت جمع­آوری اطلاعات، از پرسش­نامه­های مشخصات فردی، استرس تحصیلی گادزلا و محقق­ساخته بر اساس نظریه رفتار برنامه­ریزی شده که روایی و پایایی آن مورد تایید قرار گرفت، استفاده شد. داده­ها با استفاده از نرم­افزار SPSS نسخه­ی 16و آزمون های آماری تحلیل گردیدند. یافته­ها: استرس تحصیلی با جنسیت (05/0>P) و مقطع تحصیلی (001/0>P) ارتباط معنی­داری داشت. بر اساس نتایج ضریب هبستگی اسپیرمن، آگاهی (001/0>P، 201/0=r) با استرس تحصیلی، ارتباط مثبت معنی­دار و هنجارهای انتزاعی (05/0>P، 177/0- =r) و کنترل رفتاری درک شده (001/0>P، 261/0-=r) ارتباط معکوس معنی­دار داشتند. هم­چنین نتایج رگرسیون نشان داد که نظریه­ی رفتار برنامه­ریزی شده در مجموع، 14/7 درصد واریانس استرس تحصیلی را در بین دانشجویان پیشگویی می­کرد که از بین آن­ها آگاهی و کنترل رفتاری درک شده تاثیر معنی­دار داشتند (001/0>P). نتیجه­گیری: نتایج این پژوهش پیشنهاد می­کند که استفاده از نظریه رفتار برنامه­ریزی شده در مداخلات آموزشی با تمرکز بر سازه کنترل رفتاری درک شده در استرس تحصیلی می­تواند نتایج موثری به همراه داشته باشد.

According to Market Intelligence & Consulting Institute (MIC), the gradual popularity of the Internet and on-line shopping causes Taiwan’s online shopping market to grow by 20% annually. Moreover, the Dept. of Commerce, Ministry of Economic Affairs predicts that the yield of Taiwan’s on-line shopping market will be up to NTD 1 trillion in 2015. Apparently, online shopping market is worth studying in every way. If a manager of e-Commerce website intends to be successful in the market, it is necessary for this individual to comprehend the key factors to increasing consumers’ use of online shopping. In other words, the understanding of consumers’ online shopping behavior will benefit the corporations and improve their competitiveness in the market. Therefore, this study is aimed at discussing the following three issues: 1.How does the perceived ease of use of online shopping and the perceived usefulness affect consumers’ attitude toward online shopping respectively? 2.How does consumers’ attitude toward online shopping affect their behavioral intention of online shopping? 3.How does subjective norms affect consumers’ attitude toward online shopping and their behavioral intention of online shopping? After analyzing the data collected through questionnaire survey, this study concludes its results as follows: 1.In Taiwan’s online shopping market, both the perceived ease of use and the perceived usefulness of online shopping have a significant impact on consumers’ attitude toward online shopping. 2.In Taiwan’s online shopping market, consumers’ attitude toward online shopping has a positive and significant impact on their behavioral intention. 3.To consumers on the island, subjective norms have a positive impact on consumers’ attitude toward online shopping and their behavioral intention.

Purpose This study aims to expand the theory of planned behavior (TPB) by incorporating place attachment as a mediating variable and word-of-mouth (WOM) as a moderating variable and utilizing a mediation–moderation analytical framework to explore tourists’ behavioral intention in marine leisure contexts. Design/methodology/approach This study used anonymous questionnaires and face-to-face data collection as the main survey methods and investigated water sports and marine leisure activities to explore visitors’ views when they participated in marine recreational activities. First, we used JASP to analyze the confirmatory factor analyses with all measures to determine whether the hypothesized construct model fit the data well. Second, structural equation modeling was utilized to explore the interactions of the latent variables in relation to the mediating effects. Findings This research identifies and confirms the important mediating role of place attachment and destination image in the TPB model. Additionally, considering the prevalence of internet technology, this study introduces word-of-mouth (WOM) as a moderating effect, confirming its important reinforcing function in place attachment, destination image and behavioral intention. Practical implications Practically, tourism managers should design experiential interventions – such as storytelling tours, marine heritage events or ecologically themed festivals – that cultivate emotional connection (place attachment) while reinforcing positive destination imagery. This alignment of emotional branding with tourists’ behavioral triggers informed by the TPB offers a strategic roadmap for increasing loyalty, revisit intention and social sharing behaviors, especially through WOM amplification. Originality/value The findings confirm and extend the TPB framework by demonstrating that emotional constructs, specifically place attachment, mediate the influence of TPB variables (attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control) on behavioral intention. The findings suggest that rational decision-making models can be enhanced by incorporating affective bonds to better predict behavior, aligning with recent theoretical advancements that emphasize integrated emotion–cognition models.

Cesarean delivery on maternal request is one of the important public health issues in China. Our study aimed to apply the theory of planned behaviour to comprehensively determine the factors regarding pregnant women's preference for cesarean section and to provide references for establishing measures to reduce cesarean delivery on maternal request. This cross-sectional analysis was conducted in four women's and children's hospitals in China from May to June 2018. Eligible women arriving for routine antenatal visits at these hospitals were recruited to answer a structured questionnaire. A total of 1853 pregnant women consented to participate in the investigation, with a response rate of 88.75%. Finally, 1677 pregnant women (984 nulliparae and 693 multiparae) were involved in the analysis. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses were used. Of the study participants, 20.39% preferred cesarean section. For both nulliparae and multiparae, those who had lower scores of attitudes towards vaginal delivery, lower scores of childbirth self-efficacy and higher scores of subjective norms were more likely to prefer cesarean section. Pregnant women's birth preferences were significantly associated with their attitudes towards the delivery mode, childbirth self-efficacy and subjective norms, which is consistent with the theory of planned behaviour. Interventions to reduce cesarean delivery on maternal request can be developed based on the theory of planned behaviour.

Ecological Concerns about Genetically Modified (GM) Food Consumption using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)

Drawing on the theory of planned behavior (TPB), the present study examined the relative importance of informal social control and social cohesion/trust in the behavioral intention to post online race-related hate speech. A conceptual framework of a mediation model was validated on data from 809 survey respondents, and age, gender, Internet usage, and the number of posts representing racist hate speech on online platforms in a 1-year period were controlled for as demographic data. Twenty-six measurement items were designed to measure the four TPB constructs of attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control (PBC), and behavioral intention, as well as the two action-oriented variables of social cohesion/trust and informal social control. Partial least-squares structural equation modeling analysis was conducted to test a series of research hypotheses, and the findings were as follows: (a) informal social control partially mediated the relationships between behavioral intention to post online race-related hate speech and both attitude and subjective norm; (b) informal social control fully mediated the influence of PBC on behavioral intention; and (c) social cohesion/trust did not significantly mediate any of the relationships between behavioral intention and attitude, subjective norm, or PBC. The results indicate that the willingness to intervene in informal social control plays an important role in preventing unwelcome online activity.